USISBG

28 Sep 1994 - 11 Dec 1995

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wf (319)
wnet (55)
voa (416)
library (10)
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unknown (270)

Messages - voa

voa.2 usisbel, 11 Oct 94

Read me first, please. read.me

voa.3 usisbel, 11 Oct 94

Opste uputstvo sa opisom sistema procitaj

voa.5 usisbel, 03 Nov 94

Frekvencije "Glasa Amerike" frequenc.voa

voa.6 usisbel, 14 Feb 95

talk to america, voice of america talkshow.txt

voa.7 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

readme voa readme-v

voa.8 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia_f

voa.9 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

nato-bosnia nato-bos

voa.10 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

space shuttle shuttle-

voa.11 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

talk-to-america talk-to-

voa.12 usisbel, 08 Mar 95

us-nato-bosnia u-s_-_na

voa.13 usisbel, 09 Mar 95

Yugo yugo_sit

voa.14 usisbel, 09 Mar 95

space shuttle shuttle_

voa.15 usisbel, 09 Mar 95

germany germany-

voa.16 usisbel, 09 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia_f

voa.17 usisbel, 09 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia_-

voa.18 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

voa-digest voa

voa.19 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia

voa.20 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

holbrook h

voa.21 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

holbrook 2 holbrook

voa.22 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

slovenia s

voa.23 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

serbia serbia

voa.24 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

serbia 2 serbia

voa.25 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

slovenia 2 slovenia

voa.26 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

un-summit un

voa.27 usisbel, 10 Mar 95

yugo-sit yugo

voa.28 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

talk to amerika talk

voa.29 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

talk to america schedule talk1

voa.30 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

next generation shuttle1

voa.31 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

space shuttle shuttle2

voa.32 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

un-croatia 1 un-croatia1

voa.33 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

un-summit un-summ

voa.34 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

un-croatia 2 un-croatia2

voa.35 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

un-croatia 3 un-croatia3

voa.36 usisbel, 13 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia

voa.37 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

albright albright

voa.38 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

evol evol

voa.39 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

special special

voa.40 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

frogs frogs

voa.41 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia1

voa.42 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia2

voa.43 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

bosnia bosnia3

voa.44 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

jews jews

voa.45 usisbel, 15 Mar 95

us-russia u-s_ru

voa.46 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

voa editorial voa

voa.47 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

press press

voa.48 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

shuttle - privatization privat

voa.49 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

soyuz-mir soyuz

voa.50 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

special special

voa.51 usisbel, 16 Mar 95

us-bosnia us-bosni

voa.53 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175601 TITLE=BOSNIA FEDERATION / U.S. (S) BYLINE=DAVID GOLLUST DATELINE=STATE DEPARTMENT CONTENT= VOICED AT: // EDITORS: A HOLDING SPOT // INTRO: OBSERVANCES ARE BEING HELD IN WASHINGTON (TODAY/THURSDAY) ON THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF THE U-S-SPONSORED FEDERATION OF BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS. VOA'S DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION IS STEPPING UP DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS FOR PEACE IN BOSNIA-HERZSEGOVINA. TEXT: THE OBSERVANCES AT THE STATE DEPARTMENT ARE AIMED AT SHORING UP THE TENUOUS ALLIANCE BETWEEN BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS -- WHICH U-S OFFICIALS SEE AS AN ESSENTIAL COUNTERWEIGHT AGAINST SERB POWER IN THE REGION. PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN AS WELL AS OTHER SENIOR CROATIAN OFFICIALS ARE ATTENDING THE GATHERING, ALONG WITH THE FEDERATION'S PRESIDENT KRESIMIR ZUBAK AND LEADERS OF THE BOSNIAN COLLECTIVE PRESIDENCY. A NEW ORGANIZATION LED BY THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPEAN UNION IS BEING FORMED TO RAISE MONEY TO SUPPORT THE FEDERATION, WHICH U-S OFFICIALS FREELY ADMIT HAS NOT TAKEN SHAPE AS RAPIDLY OR FULLY AS HOPED. A SENIOR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL TOLD REPORTERS THAT WHILE THE CRISIS OVER U-N PEACEKEEPING FORCES IN CROATIA HAS BEEN DEFUSED, THE CLOUDS OF WAR ARE CLEARLY DARKENING OVER BOSNIA, WHERE A SHAKY U-N CEASE-FIRE IS DUE TO EXPIRE IN MAY. THE SENIOR OFFICIAL SAID IF THE MUSLIM / CROAT FEDERATION FAILS TO HOLD TOGETHER, HOPES OF A PEACEFUL SOLUTION IN BOSNIA FALL APART. HE SAID THE ONLY WAY TO DEAL WITH THE SERBS WHO CONTROL 70 PER CENT OF THE COUNTRY IS TO SHOW SOLIDARITY AND OPPOSITION TO THEIR BEHAVIOR. (SIGNED) NEB/DAG/CF 16-Mar-95 9:50 AM EST (1450 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1719 total bytes, 1719 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

voa.54 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORTNUMBER=2-175631TITLE=U-S/BOSNIA FEDERATION WRAP (S)BYLINE=DAVID GOLLUSTDATELINE=STATE DEPARTMENTCONTENT=VOICED AT: INTRO: THE UNITED STATES THURSDAY LAUNCHED A DIPLOMATIC EFFORT TO SHORE UP THE SHAKY FEDERATION OF BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS, NOW ONE YEAR OLD. ANNIVERSARY EVENTS ORGANIZED BY THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION BROUGHT TOGETHER LEADERS FROM BOSNIA, CROATIA AND THE FEDERATION ITSELF, AND CAME AMID GROWING CONCERN ABOUT WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN THE CURRENT TRUCE IN BOSNIA EXPIRES. MORE FROM V-O-A'S DAVID GOLLUST AT THE STATE DEPARTMENT.TEXT: THE MEETINGS AND CEREMONIES AT THE WHITE HOUSE AND STATE DEPARTMENT WERE AIMED AT GENERATING NEW DIPLOMATIC AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE MUSLIM-CROAT FEDERATION -- WHICH WAS LAUNCHED IN WASHINGTON ONE YEAR AGO BUT IS STILL LITTLE MORE THAN A SHELL.U-S OFFICIALS SEE A STRONG FEDERATION AS AN ESSENTIAL COUNTERWEIGHT TO THE SERBS POWER IN BOSNIA -- AND A CRITICAL FACTOR IN PREVENTING A RETURN TO FULL-SCALE WARFARE WHEN THE U-N-BROKERED CEASEFIRE THERE EXPIRES MAY FIRST.ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE RICHARD HOLBROOKE SAYS THAT WITH THECRISIS OVER U-N PEACEKEEPING FORCES IN CROATIA HAVING BEEN DEFUSED -- U-S DIPLOMATS ARE NOW TURNING THEIR FULL ATTENTION TO BOSNIA: ///HOLBROOKE ACTUALITY/// HAVING AVERTED WHAT WE BELIEVE WAS A VIRTUALLY-CERTAIN WAR IN THE KRAJINA IN THE LAST FEW DAYS, WE ARE NOW GOING BACK TO BOSNIA, WHERE THE CLOUDS OF WAR ARE DARKENING. THE FOUR-MONTH PERIOD, THE CEASEFIRE, IS RUNNING OUT. THE INCIDENTS ARE INCREASING. ///END ACT /// THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPEAN UNION HAVE SET UP AN INFORMAL ORGANIZATION TO RAISE MONEY FOR THE FEDERATION, AND ARE SAID TO HAVE ALREADY GATHERED SOME 300-MILLION DOLLARS IN PLEDGES FROM COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. (SIGNED)NEB/DAG/PT16-Mar-95 6:47 PM EST (2347 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.55 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95 TYPE=COMPUTER DIGEST 95-56 NUMBER=3-21266 TITLE=IBM, CYBERSPACE FAIR, LIBRARIES, CD PHOTOS, CLIFF STOLL BYLINE=DAN NOBLE TELEPHONE=619-1014 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=KLEINFELDT CONTENT= (INSERTS AVAILABLE FROM AUDIO SERVICES) INTRO: ON THIS EDITION OF COMPUTER DIGEST: A NEW KEYBOARD FOR LAPTOPS, A PROPOSAL FOR A WORLD'S FAIR IN CYBERSPACE, LIBRARIES WITHOUT LIBRARIANS, STORING PHOTOGRAPHS ON CD, AND, A WELL-RESPECTED COMPUTER EXPERT HAS SOME SECOND THOUGHTS ON THE USEFULNESS OF THE INFORMATION HIGHWAY. ***** IBM TEXT: SMALL, SO-CALLED SUBNOTEBOOK COMPUTERS, ARE EXTREMELY POPULAR. BUT THERE IS ONE PROBLEM: THEIR SIZE OFTEN NECESSITATES SMALLER, AND HARDER TO USE, KEYBOARDS. JOHN KARDIS, AN IBM MECHANICAL ENGINEER HAS COME UP WITH A SOLUTION. HE DESIGNED AN EXPANDABLE KEYBOARD WHICH OPENS LIKE A BUTTERFLY. KIMBALL BROWN OF THE COMPUTER MARKET RESEARCH FIRM DATAQUEST, TOLD NEWSWEEK MAGAZINE THAT THE DEVELOPMENT IS A "BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGY." IBM, WHICH PLANS TO MARKET THE NEW MODEL SOMETIME THIS SPRING "SAYS THE COMPANY HAS LOGGED MORE ADVANCE ORDERS THAN FOR ANY OTHER PERSONAL COMPUTER IN ITS HISTORY." ***** CYBERSPACE FAIR TEXT: THE NEW YORK TIMES NOTES THAT "WORLD EXPOSITIONS, BEGINNING IN THE 19TH CENTURY, POPULARIZED INNOVATIONS LIKE THE ELECTRIC LIGHT, THE RAILROAD, THE TELEPHONE AND TELEVISION." NOW, SAYS THE NEWSPAPER, THERE IS "AN AMBITIOUS PLAN FOR CREATING A WORLD'S FAIR IN CYBERSPACE TO DEMONSTRATE THE CAPABILITIES OF GLOBAL INFORMATION NETWORKS." ALREADY ENDORSED BY THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION, AND SEVERAL COMPANIES AND PRIVATE GROUPS, THE INTERNET 1996 WORLD EXPOSITION IS BEING ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNET MULTICASTING SERVICE OF WASHINGTON DC. THE CYBERSPACE WORLD'S FAIR "IS EXPECTED TO BE ACCESSIBLE FROM PERSONAL COMPUTERS LINKED TO THE INTERNET, AND ALSO FROM A PROPOSED NETWORK OF PUBLIC" FACILITIES IN CITIES IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD." VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE SAYS THAT "A WORLD'S FAIR FOR THE INFORMATION AGE WILL GIVE PEOPLE A LOOK AT THE NOT-TOO-DISTANT FUTURE -- A FUTURE IN WHICH ALL OF US WILL BE CONNECTED BY A GLOBAL NETWORK OF NETWORKS." ***** LIBRARIES TEXT: A NEW HIGH-TECH DEVICE IS ALLOWING LIBRARY USERS TO CHECK OUT BOOKS BY THEMSELVES, WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF A LIBRARIAN. THE 3-M SELF-CHECK SYSTEM HAS USERS "INSERT THEIR LIBRARY CARDS CARRYING A BAR CODE WITH INFORMATION, FOR SCANNING AS THEY WOULD WITH AN AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINE. ONCE APPROVED, THE USER PLACES BOOKS ON A SCANNER THAT DEACTIVATES THE BOOK'S SECURITY STRIP." A RECEIPT IS PRINTED OUT WHICH CONTAINS THE VOLUME'S DUE DATE. GEORGE NEEDHAM, DIRECTOR OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, TOLD THE USA TODAY NEWSPAPER THAT SOME PEOPLE DON'T WANT TO LOSE HUMAN INTERACTION. BUT, SAYS MISTER NEEDHAM, SYSTEMS LIKE THE SELFCHECK, ALLOW LIBRARIANS TO WORK CLOSER WITH USERS, "HELPING THEM LEARN THE LIBRARY AND FIND THE BOOKS THEY WANT." ***** CD PHOTOS TEXT: SEVERAL AGENCIES, IN THE UNITED STATES, SPECIALIZE IN PROVIDING PHOTOGRAPHS TO CUSTOMERS. THE LOS ANGELES TIMES REPORTS THAT MOST OF THESE COMPANIES KEEP THEIR PICTURE ARCHIVES IN ROWS OF METAL CABINETS. TECHNOLOGY IS CHANGING THAT. THE NEWSPAPER SAYS THAT INSTEAD, PHOTOS ARE BEING SCANNED ONTO COMPACT DISCS, "EACH HOLDING ABOUT 5,000 IMAGES -- OR ONE FILE CABINET'S WORTH." THE PICTURES, "REDUCED TO THE ONES AND ZEROS OF COMPUTER CODE, WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO CLIENTS VIA TELEPHONE LINES." CRAIG AURNESS, PRESIDENT OF WESTLIGHT, A SANTA MONICA PHOTO AGENCY, SAYS THAT THE TREND TOWARD USING CD DEVICES WILL REDUCE THE NEED FOR KEEPING NEGATIVES AND USING CHEMICALS TO PRINT PICTURES. MR. AURNESS TOLD THE L-A TIMES THAT THE NEW TECHNOLOGY WOULD RESULT IN THE USE OF MORE PHOTOS THAN EVER. ***** CLIFF STOLL TEXT: CLIFF STOLL IS A CALIFORNIA-BASED HIGH-TECH EXPERT WHO'S BEEN BEEN WORKING WITH COMPUTERS FOR 15-YEARS NOW. HE GAINED MUCH ATTENTION A FEW YEARS BACK BY CATCHING GERMAN SPIES PROWLING THROUGH COMPUTER NETWORKS. NOW, IN A NEW BOOK ENTITLED "SILICON SNAKE OIL," MR. STOLL ARGUES THAT WHILE "THE INTERNET BEGAN AS A TECHNICAL COMMUNITY, WITH CONVIVIAL NEIGHBORS WHO'D HELP EACH OTHER," SOMETHING HAS CHANGED. HE SAYS THAT OVER TIME, THE INTERNET HAS EVOLVED INTO A MASS OF ONLY "POSSIBLY USEFUL INFORMATION." AND, ACCORDING TO MR. STOLL, "JUST BECAUSE WE'VE CREATED THIS UBIQUITOUS GLOBAL NETWORK DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE ARE ANY CLOSER TO SOLVING OUR MOST PRESSING DILEMMAS. IN FACT HE SAYS, THE INFORMATION HIGHWAY MIGHT JUST BE FURTHERING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN US -- A DISTANCE MEASURED NOT IN PIXELS AND BYTES BUT METERED OUT IN MUDDLED SCRIPT AND BEAUTIFULLY IMPERFECT LINES DRAWN BY HUMAN HANDS." ***** 16-Mar-95 4:55 PM EST (2155 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 5672 total bytes, 5672 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continueITU Telecom Information Exchange Services (TIES) NEB Newswire for UTC Thursday 37. FINE PARTICLE POLLUTION CAN BE FATAL (S) [2] By SAM IKER/WASHINGTON 38. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURE By JIM TEEPLE/MIAMI 39. GEOGRAPHERS MEETING (L) [2] By PAUL FRANCUCH/CHICAGO 40. GEOGRAPHERS MEETING (S) By PAUL FRANCUCH/CHICAGO 41. GERMANY ECON (S) By EVANS HAYS/BONN 42. GERMANY/KURDS (L ONLY) By EVANS HAYS/BONN 43. GORE IN ESTONIA 44. HOUSEWIDE MEETING - "MAKING DEMOCRACY WORK" By GARY EDQUIST 45. HOW THE IRISH SAVED CIVILIZATION.. THE By BEARDSLEY/KEEFE/WASHINGTON --> 46. IBM, CYBERSPACE FAIR, LIBRARIES, CD PHOTOS, CLIFF By DAN NOBLE..GTON 47. IMMIGRATION MOOD CHANGE By DON HENRY/WASHINGTON 48. INDIA/CENTRAL ASIA (L-ONLY) By MICHAEL DRUDGE/NEW DELHI 49. INDOCHINA/REFUGEES (L) [2] By DOUGLAS ROBERTS/GENEVA 50. INDOCHINA/REFUGEES (S) By DOUGLAS ROBERTS/GENEVA 51. INDONESIA / TIMOR By JILL GATHMANN/ WASHINGTON 52. INDONESIA / TIMOR [2] By JILL GATHMANN/ WASHINGTON 53. INDONESIA / TIMOR [3] By JILL GATHMANN/ WASHINGTON 54. INTERNATIONAL JAZZ PIANIST, LASZLO GARDONY (L) By AGGIE HOUSER.. YORK Press?Help,qQuit,uupamenu,DDownloadPage:3/6

voa.56 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95TYPE=NEWS FEATURENUMBER=5-19920TITLE=SCIENCE TODAY: OZONE-TREE GROWTH BYLINE=STEPHEN G. IRMODATELINE=WASHINGTONCONTENT=VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S SCIENTISTS SAY INCREASING OZONE POLLUTION IN THE AIR DRAMATICALLY RETARDS THE GROWTH OF TREES AND THAT EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF THE GAS CAN IMPAIR TREE DEVELOPMENT. V-O-A'S STEPHEN IRMO REPORTS ON THE RESULTS OF A STUDY PUBLISHED IN TODAY'S (THURSDAY'S 3-16) ISSUE OF THE SCIENCE JOURNAL, "NATURE."TEXT: THE "LOBLOLLY" (PRON: LAHB-'LAHL-EE) PINE TREE IS A VITAL ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC PRESENCE IN THE PINE FORESTS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. THIS PINE TREE DOMINATES ABOUT 25-MILLION HECTARES OF WOODLAND AND EVERY YEAR ADDS MORE THAN FOUR AND A HALF BILLION DOLLARS TO THE ECONOMY OF THE REGION.DURING THE MID 1980'S, ECOLOGISTS DETECTED SIGNIFICANT AND UNEXPLAINED DECLINES IN THE GROWTH OF UNMANAGED STANDS OF LOBLOLLY PINE. SUSPECTING A PARTICULARLY REACTIVE COMPONENT OF AIR POLLUTION, INVESTIGATORS AT THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORYIN TENNESSEE MEASURED OZONE LEVELS AGAINST TREE GROWTH OVER A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS. PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGIST SANDY MCLAUGHLIN SAYS HE AND HIS COLLEAGUES FOUND THAT EVEN SLIGHTLY ELEVATED LEVELS OF OZONE COULD SLOW TREE GROWTH BY AS MUCH AS 50-PERCENT: // MCLAUGHLIN ACTUALITY // THE TREES ARE LOSING WATER AT A MORE RAPID RATE WHEN OZONE IS PRESENT. THE MEASUREMENTS THAT WE'VE MADE INDICATE THAT THIS IS AN INTERACTIVE EFFECT THAT MAKES THE TREE APPARENTLY MORE SENSITIVE TO THE DRYING CONDITIONS THAT OCCUR NORMALLY DURING THE GROWING CYCLE, SO OZONE APPEARS TO BE AMPLIFYING THE NORMAL DRYING CYCLES THAT OCCUR DURING THE GROWING SEASON. // END ACTUALITY //INVESTIGATORS FOUND OZONE LEVELS RISE IN HOTTER, DRIER YEARS AND FALL DURING WET YEARS. THE PRESENCE OF THE GAS ADVERSELY AFFECTSTHE NATURAL SHRINKING AND SWELLING OF THE TREE STEM. ALTHOUGH OTHER FACTORS ARE AT WORK, THE OAK RIDGE STUDY ISOLATES OZONE AS THE PRINCIPLE CULPRIT.OZONE IS A STRONG OXIDANT. ACCORDING TO SANDY MCLAUGHLIN, THE GAS DAMAGES PLANT MEMBRANES BY BREAKING APART CERTAIN CHEMICAL BONDS THAT ARE IMPORTANT TO THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THOSE MEMBRANES. THEIR DESTRUCTION MAKES IT HARDER FOR THE TREES TO CONTROL THE VITAL FLOW OF WATER: // MCLAUGHLIN ACTUALITY // THIS COULD MEAN THAT THE STOMATES (OPENINGS IN LEAVES THROUGH WHICH GASES ARE EXCHANGED) REMAIN OPEN LONGER OR THE WATER FLUX RATES THROUGH THE LEAVES ARE MORE RAPID. ALTERNATIVELY IT COULD MEAN THAT THE ROOT SYSTEMS THEMSELVES HAVE LOST SOME CAPACITY TO TAKE UP WATER AND SUPPLY THE CANOPY. THE NET EFFECT IS THAT THE TREES ARE SHOWING EVIDENCE OF A WATER DEFICIT. // END ACTUALITY //// OPT // OZONE IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE PROTECTS THE EARTH FROM THE SUN'S ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. BUT CLOSER TO THE SURFACE, WHERE IT IS GENERATED BY CAR EXHAUSTS, COAL-BURNING ELECTRICITY PLANTS ANDOTHER FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION, THE GAS IS A HIGHLY REACTIVE POLLUTANT.SANDY MCLAUGHLIN SAYS RESEARCHERS NEED TO IMPROVE THEIR UNDERSTANDING NOT ONLY OF HOW INCREASING LOW-ALTITUDE OZONE AFFECTS LIVING ORGANISMS BUT ALSO GAIN A BETTER SENSE OF WHAT IT MAY PORTEND FOR FUTURE EARTH CLIMATE. // OPT MCLAUGHLIN ACTUALITY // THE GLOBAL CHANGE MODELS THAT ARE ATTEMPTING TO UNDERSTAND WHERE GLOBAL WARMING MAY TAKE US HAVE PREDICTED THAT WE MAY WELL SEE INCREASED MOISTURE STRESS IN THE SOIL, REDUCED RAINFALL, INCREASED TEMPERATURES AND THE CURRENT RATES OF INCREASE IN NITROGEN OXIDES WHICH ARE CONTRIBUTORS OF OZONE AND -- MAY WELL MEAN THAT WE HAVE EVEN HIGHER OZONE LEVELS IN THE FUTURE. // END ACTUALITY, END OPT //IN FUTURE STUDIES, SCIENTISTS PLAN TO BROADEN THE SCOPE OF THEIR RESEARCH TO MEASURE HOW OZONE AFFECTS OTHER TREE SPECIES SUCH AS HARDWOODS. THEY'LL ALSO USE SOPHISTICATED AND EXTREMELY SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS TO MEASURE THE DAMAGE DONE TO TREE LEAVES BY OZONE HIGH IN THE FOREST CANOPY. (SIGNED)NEB/SI/CF16-Mar-95 7:50 AM EST (1250 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.57 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORTNUMBER=2-175604TITLE=NATO BOSNIA (L-ONLY)BYLINE=JOHN FRASERDATELINE=BRUSSELSCONTENT=VOICED AT: INTRO: NATO OFFICIALS HAVE GIVEN DETAILS OF PLANS FOR THE WESTERN ALLIANCE'S LARGEST EVER PEACE-TIME OPERATION -- THE POSSIBLE EVACUATION OF 24-THOUSAND UNITED NATIONS PERSONNEL FROM BOSNIA. THE PLANS ARE BEING DRAWN UP IN THE EVENT NATO IS ASKED TO COORDINATE THE OPERATION. JOHN FRASER REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS.TEXT: FRENCH DIPLOMATS SAY THAT NATO WOULD FIELD (DEPLOY) UP TO 70-THOUSAND PERSONNEL FOR THE OPERATION WHICH WOULD GO AHEAD IF AND WHEN THE UNITED NATIONS DECIDES ON A WITHDRAWAL FROM BOSNIA.THE PLAN HAS BEEN GIVEN THE CODE NAME "DETERMINED EFFORT" AND WOULD TAKE SEVERAL MONTHS TO COMPLETE.IN ITS MOST AMBITIOUS FORM, THE PLAN WOULD NOT ONLY INVOLVE THEREMOVAL OF UNITED NATIONS PEACE-KEEPERS, BUT WOULD ALSO COVER THEVAST STOCKS OF EQUIPMENT THAT THE UNITED NATIONS HAS IN BOSNIA.THE PLAN HAS BEEN REVIEWED BY THE 16 ALLIANCE AMBASSADORS MEETINGIN BRUSSELS (ON WEDNESDAY), BUT HAS STILL TO BE FORMALLY APPROVEDBECAUSE SOME DETAILS NEED TO BE REFINED.THE OPERATION WOULD BE LED BY A UNITED STATES ADMIRAL, LEIGHTON SMITH, WHO IS HEAD OF NATO'S SOUTHERN COMMAND IN NAPLES. HIS DEPUTY WOULD BE A FRENCHMAN, LIEUTENANT GENERAL BERNARD JANVIER, WHO IS HEAD OF THE UNITED NATIONS FORCES IN BOSNIA. A BRITISH LIEUTENANT GENERAL, MICHAEL WALKER, WOULD LEAD THE EVACUATION FORCE ON THE GROUND.NATO OFFICIALS SAY THERE IS NO IMMEDIATE PROSPECT OF A WITHDRAWAL FROM BOSNIA BUT IT IS PRUDENT TO HAVE A FULL AND COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY FOR THE OPERATION IF IT BECOMES NECESSARY.THE OPERATION WOULD FACE SEVERAL HAZARDS. THERE COULD BE INHOSPITABLE WEATHER, SOME FACTIONS IN BOSNIA MIGHT TRY TO ATTACKTHE UNITED NATIONS FORCES OR TO SEIZE THEIR EQUIPMENT AND THERE COULD BE A PROBLEM OF CIVILIANS WHO MIGHT PANIC AT THE PROSPECT OF HAVING THE PROTECTION OF THE UNITED NATIONS REMOVED.IN CASE OF A CRISIS, UNITED STATES TROOPS COULD STAND IN RESERVE TO BE USED IF THE SITUATION DETERIORATES. GERMANY WOULD BE INVOLVED IN THE OPERATION, BUT WOULD PROBABLY SEND ITS TROOPS TO NEIGHBORING CROATIA RATHER THAN TO BOSNIA ITSELF.NATO OFFICIALS SAY THE DETAILED PULL-OUT PLAN INCLUDES IDEAS ON WHAT TO DO TO DEAL WITH ANGRY CROWDS, HOW TO RESCUE UNITED NATIONS PERSONNEL WHO MAY BE TAKEN HOSTAGE AND HOW TO PROTECT UNITED NATIONS EQUIPMENT. (SIGNED)NEB/JF/SKH/CF16-Mar-95 10:55 AM EST (1555 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.58 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORTNUMBER=2-175612TITLE=BOSNIA FEDERATION/U-S (S-UPDATE)BYLINE=DAVID GOLLUSTDATELINE=STATE DEPARTMENTCONTENT=VOICED AT: INTRO: KEY OFFICIALS FROM BOSNIA AND CROATIA ARE IN WASHINGTON FOR OBSERVANCES OF THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF THE U-S-SPONSORED FEDERATION OF BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS. AS V-O-A'S DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS, THE STATE DEPARTMENT AND WHITE HOUSE MEETINGS ARE PART OF A STEPPED-UP CLINTON ADMINISTRATION EFFORT FOR PEACE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA.TEXT: THE HIGH-PROFILE EVENTS ARE AIMED AT SHORING UP THE TENUOUS ALLIANCE BETWEEN BETWEEN BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS -- WHICH U-S OFFICIALS SEE AS ESSENTIAL TO COUNTER SERB POWER IN THEREGION. BACKED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION, THE ADMINISTRATION IS SETTING UP A NEW ORGANIZATION TO RAISE MONEY FOR THE FEDERATION, WHICH OFFICIALS HERE CONCEDE HAS DEVELOPED MUCH MORE SLOWLY THAT HOPED FOR A YEAR AGO. AT A RECEPTION, SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER SAID THE FEDERATION AGREEMENT COULD BE THE FRAMEWORK FOR AN OVERALL SETTLEMENT IN BOSNIA. ITS SUCCESS, HE SAID, WOULD SHATTER THE NOTION THAT BOSNIA'S ETHNIC COMMUNITIES CANNOT WORK TOGETHER IN AUNIFIED ENTITY: ///CHRISTOPHER ACTUALITY/// AS THE FEDERATION DEVELOPS AND SUCCEEDS, IT IS A SHARP REBUKE TO ALL OF THOSE WHO WOULD SAY THAT WE MUST CARVE UP POST-WAR EUROPE ALONG ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS LINES. ///END ACT///AMONG THOSE ATTENDING THE OBSERVANCES ARE CROATIA'S PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN, THE MUSLIM-CROAT FEDERATION'S PRESIDENT KRESIMIR ZUBAK AND LEADERS OF BOSNIA'S COLLECTIVE PRESIDENCY.HAVING HELPED DEFUSE THE CRISIS OVER CROATIA'S MOVE TO EXPEL U-N PEACEKEEPERS, THE ADMINISTRATION'S PRIORITY NOW IS TO TRY TO EXTEND BOSNIA'S SHAKY CEASE-FIRE, DUE TO EXPIRE IN MAY. (SIGNED)NEB/DAG/MMK16-Mar-95 1:56 PM EST (1856 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.59 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=03/16/95 TYPE=CURRENT AFFAIRS FEATURE - TTA NUMBER=3-21268 TITLE=BATTLING BREAST CANCER (L) BYLINE=JESSICA BERMAN TELEPHONE=619-0925 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=BRIAN CISLAKCONTENT= [ACTUALITIES AVAILABLE FROM AUDIO SERVICES]INTRO: BREAST CANCER IS A LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG WOMEN AROUND THE WORLD. BUT IMPROVED METHODS OF DETECTION MEAN THAT MANY WOMEN ARE WINNING THE BATTLE AGAINST THIS KILLER. VOA SCIENCE AND MEDICINE CORRESPONDENT JESSICA BERMAN REPORTS.TEXT: THE STATISTICS ARE SOBERING: BREAST CANCER WILL STRIKE ONE WOMAN IN NINE IN THE COURSE OF HER LIFE. THE DISEASE IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF CANCER IN WOMEN, AND THE SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH. BUT BREAST CANCER NEED NOT BE A DEATH SENTENCE. EXPERTS SAY THAT FINDING THE CANCER AT A VERY EARLY STAGE IS THE KEY TO BEATING THE DISEASE. SUSAN FLAMM HOENIG ('HO-NIG) IS A BREAST CANCER SPECIALIST AT THE LOMBARDI CANCER CENTER AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY IN WASHINGTON, D-C. SHE SAYS THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE AGAINST BREAST CANCER IS A MONTHLY, BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION.TAPE: CUT ONE -- HOENIG :17 "BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION HAS BEEN CRITICIZED (BY PEOPLE WHO SAY) THAT WOMEN ARE NOT ABLE TO DO IT PROPERLY, AND THAT IT DOESN'T REALLY HELP. I REALLY DISAGREE WITH THAT. I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING THAT ALL WOMEN CAN LEARN TO DO AND I THINK THAT WOMEN CAN GET TO KNOW THEIR OWN BREASTS AND BE ABLE TO DETECT THINGS."TEXT: DOCTOR HOENIG ADDS THAT MANY WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER HAVE FOUND THEIR OWN CANCEROUS LUMPS THROUGH SELF-EXAMINATION. /// OPT /// SHE BELIEVES THAT EVERY WOMAN SHOULD BE TAUGHT THE PROPER WAY TO CHECK FOR LUMPS WHILE SHE'S A TEENAGER. /// END OPT /// IN ADDITION, SUSAN HOENIG SAYS THAT A WOMAN SHOULD GET A YEARLY BREAST EXAMINATION BY A DOCTOR. AND PART OF THAT EXAMINATION SHOULD INCLUDE PERIODIC MAMMOGRAPHY, AN X-RAY PROCEDURE THAT CAN REVEAL LUMPS AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS AREAS OF THICKENING WITHIN THE BREAST TISSUE. THE REASON BOTH ROUTINE MAMMOGRAMS AND SELF-EXAMINATIONS ARE ESSENTIAL -- ACCORDING TO GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY'S SUSAN FLAMM HOENIG -- IS THAT NEITHER IS A PERFECT DETECTION TOOL. TAPE: CUT TWO -- HOENIG :23 "I THINK WHAT MANY WOMEN DON'T REALIZE IS THAT AT LEAST TEN- TO FIFTEEN-PERCENT OF THE TIME, THE MAMMOGRAM WILL NOT SHOW A CANCER THAT CAN BE FELT ON PHYSICAL EXAM. SO WHILE IT'S TRUE THAT A MAMMOGRAM MOST OF THE TIME IS FINDING SOMETHING MUCH EARLIER THAN YOU CAN FEEL, THEY ARE COMPLIMENTARY. WOMEN SHOULD NOT SIMPLY BE REASSURED BY HAVING A NEGATIVE MAMMOGRAM. THEY REALLY WANT TO DO BOTH PROCEDURES."TEXT: DOCTOR HOENIG ALSO ADVISES WOMEN TO FOLLOW UP ON ANY ABNORMALITY THEY MAY FIND THROUGH A BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER. WOMEN WHO BEGIN MENSTRUATING EARLY -- BEFORE AGE 12 -- ARE AT INCREASED RISK OF BREAST CANCER, AS ARE WOMEN WHO ARE WELL INTO THEIR FIFTIES WHEN WHEN THEY STOP MENSTRUATING. AND THE OLDER A WOMAN IS WHEN SHE GIVES BIRTH FOR THE FIRST TIME, THE HIGHER HER RISK OF DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER LATER IN LIFE. RESEARCHERS THINK THAT CANCER IN THESE INSTANCES IS TIED TO A LONGER LIFETIME EXPOSURE TO THE FEMALE HORMONE, ESTROGEN. WHILE ALL NORMAL WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE PRODUCE ESTROGEN, TOO MUCH OF IT -- UNOPPOSED BY ANOTHER FEMALE HORMONE CALLED PROGESTERONE -- IS THOUGHT TO INVITE BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER. BREAST CANCER, AS WELL AS CANCER OF THE OVARIES, CAN ALSO BE INHERITED. LAST YEAR, AMERICAN RESEARCHERS POSITIVELY IDENTIFIED A FLAWED GENE -- CALLED BRCA-1 ('BRA-CA-ONE) -- THAT'S BEEN STRONGLY IMPLICATED IN FAMILIAL BREAST CANCER. MARK SKOLNIK IS VICE PRESIDENT OF MYRIAD ('MEER-EE-ID) GENETICS IN SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH -- WHOSE RESEARCHERS PINPOINTED BRCA-1. THE SCIENTISTS ARE NOW WORKING ON A TEST TO SCREEN WOMEN FOR BREAST CANCER, LONG BEFORE THEY DEVELOP ANY SIGNS OR SYMPTOMS.TAPE: CUT THREE -- SKOLNIK :43 "ABOUT FIVE- TO TEN-PERCENT OF WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER HAVE A GENETIC PREDISPOSITION. SO, OF THOSE WOMEN, THIS TEST WOULD BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THEM. SO IT'S MOST IMPORTANT IF YOU HAVE A RELATIVE WHO'S HAD BREAST CANCER OR OVARIAN CANCER. AND IF YOU'RE ONE OF THOSE WOMEN WITH BREAST OR OVARIAN CANCER AND YOU WANT TO KNOW IF YOU HAD A GENETIC PREDISPOSITION, OR IF YOU'RE A RELATIVE OF A WOMAN WITH SUCH DISEASE, THEN YOU WOULD BE ABLE TO GIVE A BLOOD SAMPLE. WE WOULD EXTRACT THE D-N-A (THE GENETIC MATERIAL WITHIN CELLS THAT PROGRAMS ALL BODILY FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES) AND THEN PERFORM A TEST TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE GENE THAT WE IDENTIFIED LAST FALL IS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL IN YOU."TEXT: ACCORDING TO DOCTOR SKOLNIK, WOMEN WITH ABNORMAL GENES CAN HAVE UP TO AN EIGHTY-FIVE PERCENT LIFETIME RISK OF DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER AND A FIFTY-PERCENT RISK OF OVARIAN CANCER. SO, HOW MIGHT A GENETICS TEST BE USED IN THE PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER? AGAIN, GENETICS RESEARCHER MARK SKOLNIK.TAPE: CUT FOUR -- SKOLNIK :21 "IF YOU KNEW YOU WERE AT VERY HIGH RISK FOR BREAST CANCER, YOU COULD HAVE MORE FREQUENT MAMMOGRAPHY. YOU'D KNOW TO BE VERY DILIGENT WITH BREAST SELF-EXAMS, AND ESSENTIALLY DO WHATEVER YOU COULD TO CATCH IT EARLY. THERE ARE NEW FORMS OF IMAGING THAT ARE COMING ALONG THAT ARE VERY EXPENSIVE, BUT MIGHT BE APPROPRIATE FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE AT VERY HIGH RISK."TEXT: DOCTOR SKOLNIK SAYS RESEARCHERS HOPE TO HAVE A GENETICALLY-BASED, BREAST CANCER SCREENING TEST AVAILABLE FOR USE BY DOCTORS SOMETIME NEXT YEAR. BUT, AGAIN, SUCH A TEST WOULD PROBABLY NOT BE USEFUL FOR THE ESTIMATED SEVENTY-FIVE- TO EIGHTY-PERCENT OF WOMEN WHOSE BREAST CANCERS ARE NOT INHERITED. IN TERMS OF LOWERING THE RISK FOR BREAST CANCER, RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT A HIGH-FIBER, LOW-FAT DIET -- AND REGULAR EXERCISE -- MAY HELP WARD-OFF THE DISEASE. BREAST CANCER IS RELATIVELY RARE IN COUNTRIES WHERE PEOPLE EAT A LOT OF WHOLE GRAINS AND A LIMITED AMOUNT OF PROCESSED, OR "JUNK," FOOD. BUT STUDIES SHOW THAT ONCE WOMEN FROM COUNTRIES OF LOW PREVALENCE MOVE TO DEVELOPED NATIONS LIKE THE UNITED STATES OR THE NETHERLANDS -- AND THEY START EATING HIGH-FAT DIETS -- THEIR RISK FOR BREAST CANCER CLIMBS. (SIGNED)NEB/JB/BC 16-Mar-95 3:56 PM EST (2056 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.60 usisbel, 17 Mar 95

DATE=3/16/95TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORTNUMBER=2-175633TITLE=U-S / BOSNIA WRAP (S&L)BYLINE=DEBORAH TATEDATELINE=WHITE HOUSECONTENT=VOICED AT: /// EDITORS : PLEASE USE OPT PARTS FOR LONG VERSION ///INTRO: SENIOR OFFICIALS FROM BOSNIA AND CROATIA HAVE MET WITH PRESIDENT CLINTON AND OTHER ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS AND CALLED ON THE UNITED STATES TO PUT MORE PRESSURE ON SERBIA TO HELP END THE CONFLICT IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. THE TALKS (THURSDAY) CAME ONTHE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF THE U-S - SPONSORED FEDERATION OF BOSNIA'S MUSLIMS AND CROATS. V-O-A'S WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT DEBORAH TATE REPORTS.TEXT: PRESIDENT CLINTON TOLD THE BOSNIAN AND CROAT OFFICIALS THAT THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FEDERATION SHOWS THAT A MULTI-ETHNIC DEMOCRACY IS STILL POSSIBLE IN WAR-RAVAGED BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA.AMONG THOSE ATTENDING THE WHITE HOUSE MEETING WERE CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN, FEDERATION PRESIDENT KRESIMIR ZUBAK ANDEJUP GANIC OF BOSNIA'S COLLECTIVE PRESIDENCY. THEY WERE HOLDING TALKS WITH U-N AMBASSADOR MADELEINE ALBRIGHT AND NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE WHEN PRESIDENT CLINTON DROPPED BY BRIEFLY. // OPT // THE HIGH-PROFILE MEETING WAS AIMED AT GIVING THE TENUOUS FEDERATION A POLITICAL BOOST. THE ALLIANCE HAS BECOME BOGGED DOWN BY VARIOUS POLITICAL AND LOGISTICAL PROBLEMS, AND U-SOFFICIALS FEAR THAT IF IT WERE TO BREAK APART, THERE WOULD BE LITTLE CHANCE OF COAXING THE BOSNIAN SERBS INTO A PEACE ACCORD. // END OPT // MR. GANIC CALLED HIS TALKS WITH THE PRESIDENT 'ENCOURAGING' AND 'CONSTRUCTIVE', AND WAS HAPPY WITH MR. CLINTON'S RE-AFFIRMATION OF SUPPORT FOR BOSNIA. // GANIC ACTUALITY-- OPT--// WHAT IS IMPORTANT FOR US IS THE STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT THAT HE SUPPORTS THE INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY OF BOSNIA. THAT IS THE POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES, AND HE SUPPORTS THE FEDERATION AS WELL. // END ACT --OPT-- //BUT MR. GANIC SAID HE WOULD LIKE TO SEE THE UNITED STATES APPLY GREATER PRESSURE IN THE FORM OF STEPPED UP SANCTIONS ON SERBIA AND THE BOSNIAN SERBS TO PERSUADE THEM TO JOIN AN INTERNATIONALLYSPONSORED PEACE PLAN FOR BOSNIA. // GANIC ACTUALITY // WE HOPE DIPLOMACY WILL BE EXERCISED AND SUPPLEMENTED WITH OTHER TOOLS TO CONVINCE THE BELGRADE REGIME AND THE KARADJIC SERBS TO ACCEPT THE PEACE PLAN. // END ACT //// OPT // MR. CLINTON ALSO MET PRIVATELY WITH CROATIAN PRESIDENT TUDJMAN IN THE OVAL OFFICE. WHITE HOUSE SPOKESMAN MIKE MCCURRY SAYS IN A WRITTEN STATEMENT MR. CLINTON EXPRESSED HIS APPRECIATION AND ADMIRATION TO MR. TUDJMAN FOR HIS RECENT AGREEMENT TO WORK ON A MANDATE FOR A NEW U-N FORCE IN CROATIA. //END OPT //EARLIER, THE STATE DEPARTMENT HELD A CEREMONY MARKING THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF BOSNIA'S MUSLIM-CROAT ALLIANCE. (SIGNED)NEB/DT/CB/PT16-Mar-95 8:35 PM EST (0135 UTC)NNNNSource: Voice of America

voa.61 usisbel, 20 Mar 95

DATE=3/18/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175688 TITLE=SHUTTLE O'NITER (S ONLY) BYLINE=VICTOR BEATTIE DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE U-S SPACE AGENCY WILL ATTEMPT TO LAND THE SHUTTLE ENDEAVOR TODAY (SATURDAY) AT EITHER THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER IN FLORIDA OR EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE IN CALIFORNIA. V-O-A'S VICTOR BEATTIE REPORTS THE LANDING WILL BRING A SCIENTIFICALLY-EXCITING AND RECORD-BREAKING 17-DAY MISSION TO AN END: TEXT: NASA POSTPONED FRIDAY'S SCHEDULED LANDING AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER DUE TO BAD WEATHER. FORECASTERS EXPECT LITTLE IMPROVEMENT TODAY. NASA WOULD PREFER TO LAND ENDEAVOR IN FLORIDA AND AVOID THE ONE-MILLION DOLLAR FLIGHT ON TOP OF A SPECIALLY-DESIGNED BOEING 7-4-7 BACK TO FLORIDA. FRIDAY, MISSION CONTROL ORDERED SHUTTLE COMMANDER STEPHEN OSWALD TO KEEP THE ENDEAVOR IN ORBIT FOR ONE MORE DAY. BUT OFFICIALS SAY THE CREW IS READY FOR RE-ENTRY: /// MISSION CONTROL ACTUALITY /// ABOARD THE SPACECRAFT ALL THE EXPERIMENTS AND INVESTIGATIONS THAT HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED DURING THE PAST 16-DAYS HAVE BEEN PACKED AWAY AND WILL REMAIN THAT WAY AFTER THE WAVE-OFF OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR LANDING (FRIDAY). /// END ACTUALITY /// THE CREW USED MULTI-MILLION-DOLLAR ULTRA-VIOLET TELESCOPES TO TAKE PICTURES OF GALAXIES AND OTHER CELESTIAL OBJECTS, INCLUDING THE MOON. SCIENTISTS PROVIDED A LIST OF 600 TARGETS AND THE CREW WAS ABLE TO ACHIEVE ABOUT HALF OF THEM, EXCEEDING EXPECTATIONS. THURSDAY, ENDEAVOR BECAME THE LONGEST-IN-ORBIT MISSION FOR THE SHUTTLE PROGRAM, SURPASSING THE 15-DAY MISSION OF COLUMBIA LAST YEAR. (SIGNED). NEB/RAE 18-Mar-95 1:13 AM EST (0613 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.62 usisbel, 20 Mar 95

DATE=3/17/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19946 TITLE=SCIENCE TODAY: ULCER VACCINE BYLINE=DAVID MCALARY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: ITALIAN RESEARCHERS HAVE DEVELOPED AN EXPERIMENTAL ORAL VACCINE EFFECTIVE AGAINST ULCERS AND STOMACH CANCER IN MICE, AND EXPECT TO BEGIN TESTING IT IN PEOPLE NEXT YEAR. V-O-A'S SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT DAVID MCALARY REPORTS THAT IF IT WORKS, IT WILL COMBAT A MICROBE FOUND IN HALF THE WORLD POPULATION. TEXT: THE BACTERIUM WHICH CAUSES NEARLY ALL STOMACH ULCERS WAS DISCOVERED IN 1983 BY A U-S DOCTOR. UNTIL THEN, STRESS OR EXCESS STOMACH ACID WAS CONSIDERED THE CAUSE OF THE DISORDER. THE ORGANISM IS ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH A SUBSTANTIAL FRACTION OF STOMACH CANCERS, THE SECOND MOST FREQUENT CANCER IN THE WORLD. THE INFECTION SPREADS THROUGH CONTACT WITH SALIVA OR FECAL MATTER, SO CROWDED, UNSANITARY CONDITIONS MAKE IT COMMON THROUGHOUT MUCH OF THE WORLD. EIGHTY PER CENT OF THE PEOPLE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE INFECTED BY AGE 20. IN INDUSTRIAL NATIONS, WHERE HYGIENE AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS ARE BETTER, 50 PER CENT OF PEOPLE ARE INFECTED BY AGE SIXTY. IN THE RICHER COUNTRIES, VAST SUMS OF MONEY ARE SPENT ON ANTIBIOTICS AND OTHER TREATMENTS TO FIGHT THIS BACTERIUM, WHICH BURROWS INTO THE STOMACH LINING AND CAUSES INFLAMMATION. BUT LIKE MANY ORGANISMS, THIS ONE CAN BECOME DRUG RESISTANT. MICROBIOLOGIST RINO RAPPUOLI ['REE-NO RUH-'PWO-LEE] AT THE IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN SIENA, ITALY, SAYS A CHEAPER ALTERNATIVE IS NECESSARY: // RAPPUOLI ACTUALITY // IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, WE HAVE THERAPIES WHICH ARE VERY EXPENSIVE BUT WE HAVE THEM. SO IF WE CAN AFFORD THEM, WE CAN TREAT THE DISEASE. TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA EVERY YEAR, WE SPEND IN EUROPE AND THE U-S TOGETHER FIVE BILLION U-S DOLLARS TO TREAT THESE DISEASES. OBVIOUSLY, THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES WILL NEVER BE ABLE TO AFFORD THAT, SO THERE IS NO TREATMENT. THE ONLY WAY THESE DISEASES CAN BE APPROACHED THERE IS BY VACCINATION. // END ACTUALITY // NOW, MR. RAPPUOLI AND HIS COLLEAGUES HAVE MADE PREVENTION BY VACCINATION A REALISTIC HOPE. THEY REPORT IN THE U-S JOURNAL "SCIENCE" [MARCH 17TH ISSUE] THAT THEY HAVE SUCCESSFULLY IMMUNIZED LABORATORY MICE AGAINST ULCER INFECTION. THEY DEVELOPED A VACCINE USING PURIFIED COMPONENTS OF THE BACTERIUM. THE VACCINE DOES NOT CAUSE INFECTION, BUT INCLUDES ONLY THE MOLECULES NECESSARY TO STIMULATE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM INTO REACTING SO IT CAN LEARN TO RECOGNIZE A REAL INFECTION WHEN IT COMES. IN 13 EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING 300 MICE, ABOUT 80 PER CENT OF THOSE WHICH HAD BEEN INOCULATED AVOIDED STOMACH ULCERS WHEN INFECTED WITH THE MICROBE. BUT ALL UNTREATED ANIMALS GOT THEM. // RAPPUOLI ACTUALITY // WE SHOWED THAT THE VACCINE IS FEASIBLE. SO FROM THE RESULT THAT WE GET IN THE ANIMAL MODEL, WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT IF THIS OBSERVATION MADE IN THE ANIMAL MODEL WOULD HOLD TRUE IN HUMANS, MAYBE IN THE LONG TERM WE WILL BE ABLE TO PREVENT DISEASES LIKE GASTRIC ULCER AND GASTRIC CANCER JUST BY VACCINATION. // END ACTUALITY // // OPT // THE WORK IS CALLED A BREAKTHROUGH BY A U-S SCIENTIST WHO STUDIES THIS BACTERIUM. IN ADDITION TO LEADING TO A POSSIBLE VACCINE, MICROBIOLOGIST LUCY TOMPKINS OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN CALIFORNIA SAYS IT WILL HELP RESEARCHERS BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW THE ORGANISM INTERACTS WITH THE STOMACH BY PROVIDING THEM WITH A SUITABLE ANIMAL -- THE MOUSE -- IN WHICH TO STUDY IT. // OPT // UNTIL NOW, SHE SAYS, THE LACK OF A USEFUL ANIMAL MODEL HAS HINDERED RESEARCH. THE PROBLEM HAS BEEN THAT THE VERSION OF THE BACTERIUM MANY ANIMALS GET DOES NOT HAVE THE SAME EFFECT IN THEIR GASTRIC TRACT AS THE HUMAN VERSION HAS IN PEOPLE. FURTHERMORE, MS. TOMPKINS SAYS STRAINS OF THE HUMAN VERSION GROWN IN LABORATORIES HAVE NOT TAKEN IN ANIMALS. // OPT TOMPKINS ACTUALITY // THAT SUGGESTS THERE ARE VERY IMPORTANT GENES AND FACTORS THAT ARE PRODUCED BY THE ORGANISM THAT ARE LOST WHEN THE ORGANISM IS GROWN IN THE LABORATORY --FACTORS THAT THE ORGANISM NEEDS IN ITS VERY FIRST STEP IN CAUSING THE PERSISTENT INFECTION. // END ACTUALITY // // OPT // BUT MS. TOMPKINS NOTES THAT THE ITALIAN GROUP OVERCAME THIS PROBLEM BY TRANSFERRING BACTERIA FROM FRESH HUMAN BIOPSIES INTO LABORATORY MICE. // END OPT // MR. RAPPUOLI SAYS HE EXPECTS TO TEST THE ULCER VACCINE IN HUMANS WITHIN ONE YEAR. THESE WILL BE SMALL SCALE TESTS TO DETERMINE THE VACCINE'S SAFETY. LATER, LARGER TESTS OF THE VACCINE'S EFFECTIVENESS IN PREFVENTING INFECTION WOULD PROBABLY BE CONDUCTED SOMEWHERE IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD, WHERE THE INFECTIONS ARE MOST COMMON. (SIGNED) NEB/DEM/PT 17-Mar-95 9:28 PM EST (0228 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.63 usisbel, 20 Mar 95

DATE=3/18/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175704 TITLE=SHUTTLE LANDING (S - ONLY) BYLINE=DAVID MCALARY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE U-S SPACE SHUTTLE "ENDEAVOUR" HAS RETURNED TO EARTH FOLLOWING AN ASTRONOMY MISSION THAT SET A SHUTTLE RECORD. V-O-A SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT DAVID MCALARY REPORTS. TEXT: BAD WEATHER AT THE PRIMARY LANDING SITE IN FLORIDA FORCED "ENDEAVOUR" AND ITS SEVEN ASTRONAUTS TO REMAIN IN ORBIT ONE DAY LONGER THAN PLANNED. IT FINALLY TOUCHED DOWN AT EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE IN CALIFORNIA'S MOJAVE DESERT SATURDAY AFTER 16-AND-A-HALF-DAYS IN ORBIT -- THE LONGEST SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION. THROUGHOUT THE MISSION, THREE TELESCOPES MOUNTED IN THE CARGO BAY COLLECTED DATA FROM HUNDREDS OF DISTANT STARS, GALAXIES, AND QUASARS, AND FROM THE GAS AND DUST BETWEEN STARS. THE INSTRUMENTS VIEWED THE HEAVENS IN ULTRAVIOLET WAVELENGTHS BECAUSE SUCH EMISSIONS CAN SHOW CELESTIAL ACTIVITY INVISIBLE TO THE EYE AND OPTICAL TELESCOPES. THE OBSERVATIONS TOOK PLACE IN ORBIT BECAUSE ULTRAVIOLET EMISSIONS ARE BLOCKED BY EARTH'S OBSCURING ATMOSPHERE. THE NEXT SPACE SHUTTLE TO BE LAUNCHED WILL BE THE "ATLANTIS" IN LATE MAY OR EARLY JUNE ON A MISSION TO DOCK WITH THE RUSSIAN SPACE STATION "MIR." IT WILL BE THE FIRST U-S/RUSSIAN SPACE LINK-UP IN 20 YEARS. "ATLANTIS" WILL BRING TWO RUSSIAN COSMONAUTS TO "MIR" AND RETRIEVE THREE CREW MEMBERS FLOWN UP THERE THIS PAST WEEK ON A "SOYUZ" ROCKET. THEY INCLUDE U-S ASTRONAUT NORM THAGARD -- THE FIRST AMERICAN TO FLY ON A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT. (SIGNED) NEB/DEM/JWH 18-Mar-95 4:47 PM EST (2147 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.64 usisbel, 20 Mar 95

DATE=3/19/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175714 TITLE=SARAJEVO/RUSSIAN (S ONLY) BYLINE=DANIEL YOVICH DATELINE=SARAJEVO CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: BOSNIAN SERB SOLDIERS HAVE ARRESTED A U-N MILITARY OBSERVER SOUTH OF SARAJEVO. U-N OFFICIALS SAY THE ARREST IS PART OF AN INCREASING PATTERN OF HARASSMENT AGAINST U-N PERSONNEL. DANIEL YOVICH REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO. TEXT: UNITED NATIONS OFFICIALS SAY THEY ARE OUTRAGED OVER THE ARREST OF A U-N MILITARY OBSERVER. MAJOR ALEXEI NIKOLENKOF, AGE 32, IS BEING HELD BY BOSIAN SERB FORCES AT A MILITARY PRISON SOUTH OF SARAJEVO. MAJOR NIKOLENKOF IS ONE OF NINE RUSSIAN MEMBERS OF THE OVER SIX- HUNDRED-STRONG U-N MILITARY OBSERVER UNIT ASSIGNED TO THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. LIKE THE OTHER MILITARY OBSERVERS, MAJOR NIKOLENKOF ENJOYS DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY AS A PART OF HIS DUTIES. IT IS THIS FACT, SAYS U-N PROTECTION FORCE SPOKESMAN ALEXANDER IVANKO, THAT HAS ANGERED U-N OFFICIALS. UNLIKE THE SOLDIERS OF THE U-N PROTECTION FORCE, MILITARY OBSERVERS ARE UNARMED. A STRONGLY WORDED LETTER OF PROTEST HAS BEEN SENT TO BOSNIAN SERB ARMY HEADQUARTERS. MR. IVANKO SAYS THE BOSNIAN-SERBS HAVE FAILED TO REPLY AND A U-N NEGOTIATING TEAM HAS BEEN SENT TO THE SERB JAIL TO TRY AND WIN MAJOR NIKOLENKOF'S RELEASE. ALSO IN THE BOSNIAN CAPITAL, AT LEAST TWO MEN ARE DEAD AND THREE CIVILIANS WOUNDED IN SEPARATE SNIPER INCIDENTS THIS WEEKEND. MR. IVANKO SAYS BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT AND BOSNIAN SERB FORCES ALSO EXCHANGED SPORADIC MORTAR FIRE ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE CITY. (SIGNED) NEB/DY/LTJ-T/BG 19-Mar-95 10:49 AM EST (1549 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.65 usisbel, 20 Mar 95

DATE=3/19/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175717 TITLE=SARAJVO FIGHTING (S ONLY) BYLINE=DANIEL YOVICH DATELINE=SARAJEVO CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-N TROOPS OPENED FIRE ON BOSNIAN SERB SOLDIERS NEAR THE SARAJEVO AIRPORT AFTER AN ATTACK ON A U-N CARGO PLANE. U-N OFFICIALS SAY IT WAS AN APPROPRIATE MILITARY RESPONSE TO CONTINUE ATTACKS ON AIRCRAFT AT THE U-N CONTROLLED AIRFIELD. DANIEL YOVICH REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO. TEXT: UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS HAVE RETALIATED WITH AUTOMATIC CANNONFIRE, TARGETING A BOSNIAN SERB MOTOR POSITION BELIEVED TO HAVE FIRED ON A U-N CARGO PLANE. U-N PROTECTION FORCE SPOKESMAN, LIEUTENANT COLONEL GARY COWARD, SAYS FRENCH SOLDIERS FIRED 10 20-MILLIMETER ROUNDS FROM AN ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIER AFTER THE CREW SAW BOSNIAN SERBS SOLDIERS FIRE ONE MORTAR ROUND THAT LANDED ABOUT 50 METERS FROM THE U-N PLANE. NO U-N PERSONNEL WERE INJURED IN THE INCIDENT. COLONEL COWARD SAYS NO DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE BOSNIA SERB POSITION IS AVAILABLE. THE MORTAR ATTACK IS THE LATEST IN A SERIES OF CEASE-FIRE VIOLATIONS THAT HAS U-N OFFICIALS WORRIED. NATO WAR PLANES HAVE BEEN PATROLLING THE SKIES OVER SARAJEVO IN RESPONSE TO A RAPIDLY DETERIORATING SITUATION. COLONEL COWARD SAYS THE U-N MILITARY RETALIATION IS MEANT TO SEND A MESSAGE TO THE BOSNIAN SERB ARMY COMMANDERS. FURTHER FORCE IS NOT BEING RULED OUT, HE SAYS, IF AGGRESSIVE ACTS CONTINUE. (SIGNED) NEB/DY/CB-T/BG 19-Mar-95 1:45 PM EST (1845 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.66 usisbel, 21 Mar 95

DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175775 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (L-UPDATE) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: /// EDS NOTE: WRITETHRU /// INTRO: MUSLIM-LED GOVERNMENT FORCES HAVE LAUNCHED MAJOR NEW ATTACKS ON SERB POSITIONS IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. IN RETALIATION, THE SERBS HAVE SHELLED AN IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN, KILLING OR WOUNDING MANY BOSNIAN ARMY SOLDIERS. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: THE BOSNIAN ARMY BEGAN WHAT APPEARS TO BE A COORDINATED OFFENSIVE AGAINST SERB POSITIONS NEAR THE NORTHEASTERN TOWN OF TUZLA AND NEAR THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN OF TRAVNIK IN NORTH CENTRAL BOSNIA. AS MANY AS TWO THOUSAND TROOPS ARE BELIEVED INVOLVED. UNITED NATIONS OFFICIALS IN SARAJEVO SAY THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN ARMY MAY TRY TO CAPTURE STRATEGIC MOUNT MAJEVICA, AROUND TUZLA, AND SERB-HELD MOUNT VLASIC, AROUND TRAVNIK. /// OPT /// HUNDREDS OF SHELLS WERE FIRED IN THE FIGHTING ON THE NORTHEASTERN FRONT. THE YUGOSLAV NEWS AGENCY, TANJUG, REPORTS HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT BETWEEN SERB AND BOSNIAN ARMY TROOPS. /// END OPT /// IN RETALIATION FOR THE GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE, SERB ARTILLERY SHELLED TUZLA. A BOSNIAN ARMY BARRACKS THERE TOOK A DIRECT HIT. THE U-N COMMAND IN SARAJEVO CONFIRMS AT LEAST 50 BOSNIAN SOLDIERS WERE KILLED OR WOUNDED. THERE ARE UNCONFIRMED REPORTS THAT THE CASUALTIES ARE MUCH HIGHER. A U-N SPOKESMAN TOLD V-O-A IT IS DIFFICULT TO KNOW HOW MANY OF THE CASUALTIES IN TUZLA HOSPITALS ARE DUE TO THE SHELLING ATTACK AND HOW MANY ARE DUE TO THE GROUND FIGHTING. THE MUSLIM ATTACKS ON THE SERBS THAT BEGAN BEFORE DAWN ON MONDAY COULD BE THE KIND OF MAJOR GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE THAT HAS BEEN EXPECTED ONCE COLD, WINTER WEATHER IS OVER IN BOSNIA. BUT, INSTEAD OF MILD, EARLY SPRING WEATHER, A SNOWSTORM SWEPT ACROSS NORTHERN AND CENTRAL BOSNIA, AND THE FIGHTING IS SAID TO HAVE DIED DOWN, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY. /// OPT /// IN SARAJEVO, SNIPERS HAVE KILLED OR WOUNDED MORE CIVILIANS. BUT A U-N MILITARY PLANE SAFELY FLEW INTO THE CITY DESPITE FREQUENT SERB ATTACKS ON AIRCRAFT OVER THE PAST 10 DAYS. THE SARAJEVO AIRLIFT REMAINS SUSPENDED BECAUSE THE SERBS WILL NOT GUARANTEE THE SAFETY OF RELIEF FLIGHTS. /// END OPT /// MEANWHILE, THE CROATIAN SERB LEADER, MILAN MARTIC, HAS REJECTED ANY DEPLOYMENT OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS IN TERRITORY HIS FORCES CONTROL ALONG CROATIA'S BORDERS WITH BOSNIA AND SERBIA. THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT HAS SAID PEACEKEEPERS MUST BE STATIONED ALONG THE BORDERS UNDER A NEW U-N MANDATE IN CROATIA. THE CURRENT MANDATE EXPIRES AT THE END OF THE MONTH. MR. MARTIC DISCUSSED THE U-N PRESENCE IN CROATIA DURING TALKS IN BELGRADE WITH UNITED NATIONS MEDIATOR THORVALD STOLTENBERG. MR. STOLTENBERG SAYS HE THINKS DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE SERB LEADER AND THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT OVER THE DEPLOYMENT OF PEACEKEEPERS WILL BE RESOLVED. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/SKH/BG 20-Mar-95 1:59 PM EST (1859 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175763 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (L) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: SERB FORCES HAVE SHELLED AN IMPORTANT MUSLIM-HELD TOWN IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, KILLING OR WOUNDING AT LEAST 50 AND, POSSIBLY, AS MANY AS 200 BOSNIAN ARMY SOLDIERS. THE SHELLING APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN IN RETALIATION FOR A NEW BOSNIAN ARMY OFFENSIVE IN THE TUZLA AREA. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: THERE HAS BEEN VERY LITTLE SIGNIFICANT FIGHTING IN NORTHEASTERN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA SINCE THE LATEST OFFICIAL CEASEFIRE WENT INTO EFFECT IN MOST OF THE COUNTRY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR. BUT THE TRUCE IN AND AROUND THE TOWN OF TUZLA HAS BEEN SHATTERED BY A SERB ARTILLERY ATTACK ON THE TOWN, A UNITED NATIONS/DECLARED SAFE AREA. THE U-N MILITARY COMMAND IN SARAJEVO SAYS THE LARGEST NUMBER OF CASUALTIES OCCURRED WHEN A BOSNIAN ARMY BARRACKS IN TUZLA TOOK A DIRECT HIT. U-N OFFICIALS IN THE BOSNIAN CAPITAL TOLD V-O-A THE SHELLING FOLLOWED THE LAUNCHING OF A NEW BOSNIAN ARMY OFFENSIVE IN THE TUZLA REGION. THE OFFENSIVE MAY INVOLVE TWO-THOUSAND TROOPS. U-N OFFICIALS SAY IT COULD BE THE KIND OF MUSLIM-LED OPERATION THAT HAS BEEN WIDELY EXPECTED ONCE COLD, WINTER WEATHER IS OVER IN BOSNIA. THE SERBS HAD WARNED THEY WOULD ATTACK MILITARY TARGETS IN TUZLA IF THE ARMY BEGAN NEW OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS THERE. SERB FORCES ALSO ARE REPORTED TO HAVE SHELLED THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE TOWN OF TRAVNIK IN CENTRAL BOSNIA, AND SNIPERS HAVE BEEN ACTIVE AGAIN IN SARAJEVO. THE U-N COMMAND CANCELLED A PLANNED MILITARY FLIGHT INTO THE CITY BECAUSE OF FREQUENT SERB ATTACKS ON AIRCRAFT OVER THE PAST 10 DAYS. NO MILITARY FLIGHTS IN THE CITY ARE SCHEDULED, AND THE SARAJEVO AIRLIFT REMAINS SUSPENDED. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/SKH/JWH 20-Mar-95 10:53 AM EST (1553 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175780 TITLE=MIR NEWS CONFERENCE (L -ONLY) BYLINE=DAVID MCALARY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: /// EDS: RUSSIAN ACTS AVAILABLE IN THE BUBBLE. /// INTRO: THE RUSSIAN COSMONAUT WHO HOLDS THE WORLD'S SPACE ENDURANCE RECORD IS APPEALING TO HIS FELLOW CITIZENS NOT TO LET THEIR COUNTRY'S BATTERED SPACE PROGRAM GO BACK TO THE STONE AGE. VALERY POLYAKOV SPOKE DURING A NEWS CONFERENCE FROM THE SPACE STATION MIR AS HE AND TWO COLLEAGUES PREPARE TO RETURN TO EARTH LATER THIS WEEK. AS V-O-A SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT DAVID MCALARY REPORTS, THEY WILL LEAVE BEHIND A REPLACEMENT CREW, INCLUDING THE FIRST U-S ASTRONAUT TO FLY ON A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT. TEXT: THE TWO CREWS HAVE BEEN MAKING THE TRANSITION BETWEEN THEM SINCE THE NEW TEAM ARRIVED LAST THURSDAY ABOARD A SOYUZ ROCKET. FOR MUCH OF MONDAY, THIS MEANT PACKING EQUIPMENT TO BE RETURNED TO EARTH WHEN VALERY POLYAKOV AND COLLEAGUES ALEXANDER VIKTORENKO AND ELENA KONDAKOVA DEPART FOR EARTH LATE WEDNESDAY, G-M-T. DR. POLYAKOV -- A PHYSICIAN -- WILL HAVE SPENT 442 CONTINUOUS DAYS IN ORBIT -- LONGER THAN ANY OTHER HUMAN. IN THAT TIME, HE HAS CONDUCTED MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE IMPACT OF WEIGHTLESSNESS ON THE BODY. DURING THE JOINT NEWS CONFERENCE WITH THE NEW MIR CREW, HE PAID TRIBUTE TO COSMONAUTS WHO HE SAID CHARTED THIS COURSE BEFORE HIM, ADDING THAT HE SIMPLY WENT A LITTLE FARTHER ALONG IT. // POLYAKOV ACTUALITY IN RUSSIAN, ENGLISH TRANSLATION // ALL OF US ARE TRYING TO PAVE IT FOR OUR CHILDREN AND GRANDCHILDREN WHO, TOGETHER WITH REPRESENTATIVES FROM OTHER COUNTRIES, WILL GO TO MARS IN THE '30S [FOURTH DECADE] OF THE NEXT CENTURY. THAT'S WHY I AM FLYING THIS MISSION WITH A FEELING OF DEEP SATISFACTION AND WITH THE INTENT TO PASS ON MY EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE TO THOSE WHO WOULD WANT TO USE IT. // END ACTUALITY // DR. POLYAKOV ALSO REFERRED TO THE PROBLEMS BESETTING HIS COUNTRY'S SPACE PROGRAM. RUSSIA'S ECONOMIC CRISIS HAS MEANT SHARP CUTS IN ITS SPACE BUDGET, FORCING SUSPENSION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPACE SHUTTLE AND A NEW LARGE ROCKET, AMONG OTHER THINGS. THE VETERAN COSMONAUT CALLED FOR CONTINUED RUSSIAN INVESTMENT IN SPACE. // POLYAKOV ACTUALITY IN RUSSIAN, ENGLISH TRANSLATION // I AM ALSO TRYING TO CONVINCE OUR TAXPAYERS THAT MANNED SPACE MISSIONS ARE A SOURCE OF LEARNING AND WE CAN NOT GO BACK TO THE STONE AGE. WE HAVE TO MAINTAIN OUR PIONEERING SPIRIT AS WELL AS OUR LEADERSHIP. // END ACTUALITY // // OPT // GIVEN HIS MARATHON SPACE VENTURE, DR. POLYAKOV WAS ASKED IF ONE THINKS BETTER IN SPACE OR ON THE GROUND. HE TOOK THE OPPORTUNITY TO CRITICIZE THE YELTSIN GOVERNMENT'S POLICY IN CHECHNYA, WHERE THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE HAVE DIED SINCE RUSSIAN TROOPS SENT TROOPS IN DECEMBER TO CRUSH A SEPARATIST REBELLION. "I GUESS IT'S BETTER TO THINK IN OUTER SPACE," HE SAID, "BECAUSE LOOKING DOWN FROM HERE, THEY WOULD NEVER HAVE STARTED THE WAR IN OUR OWN COUNTRY." // END OPT // THE U-S ASTRONAUT WHO IS PART OF THE MIR REPLACEMENT CREW -- DR. NORM THAGARD, ALSO A PHYSICIAN -- TOLD REPORTERS HE FOUND NO SURPRISES WHEN HE ARRIVED AT MIR LAST WEEK, ALTHOUGH HE SAID THERE WERE A FEW DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN TRAINING DOCUMENTS AND THE WAY THINGS REALLY ARE UP THERE. HE OFFERED THIS ADVICE TO ASTRONAUTS AND COSMONAUTS WHO FOLLOW HIM ON LATER MISSIONS: // THAGARD ACTUALITY // GET AS MUCH TRAINING AS YOU CAN. WHEN YOU GET HERE, YOU'LL FIND THAT THINGS ARE LOCATED ALL OVER. THE DOCUMENTATION, OF COURSE, IS NOT QUITE WHAT WE'RE USED TO, SO TRAIN, TRAIN, TRAIN, WHICH IS THE SECRET TO ANY SPACE FLIGHT. // END ACTUALITY // DR. THAGGARD HAS FOUND MIR SOMEWHAT CLUTTERED. SINCE ITS LAUNCH IN 1986, THE RUSSIAN SPACE STATION HAS BEEN HOME TO 18 CREWS, WHO HAVE LEFT MANY PERSONAL AND OFFICIAL ITEMS BEHIND. THE U-S ASTRONAUT DESCRIBED MIR AS LOOKING LIKE SOMEONE'S UTILITY ROOM. AS HE SAID, IT HAS OBVIOUSLY BEEN LIVED AND WORKED IN FOR NINE YEARS. (SIGNED) NEB/DEM/BG 20-Mar-95 3:10 PM EST (2010 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19950 TITLE=MINORITIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION BYLINE=DON HENRY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: AN ANNUAL HIGHER EDUCATION SURVEY INDICATES MINORITY ENROLLMENT AT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES CONTINUES TO GO UP, BUT AT A SLOWER PACE THAN IN THE PAST FEW YEARS. VOA'S DON HENRY REPORTS THE STUDY ALSO SHOWS BLACKS AND HISPANICS REMAIN BEHIND NON-HISPANIC WHITES IN HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION AND COLLEGE ATTENDANCE RATES. TEXT: THE ANNUAL STUDY BY THE AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION SHOWS GAINS IN THE TOTAL NUMBER OF MINORITY STUDENTS ENROLLED IN HIGHER EDUCATION AND IN THE NUMBER EARNING DEGREES. WHITE STUDENT ENROLLMENT ACTUALLY DECLINED ABOUT TWO PERCENT AT COLLEGES DURING 1993, WHILE IT WENT UP ABOUT THAT MUCH FOR MINORITIES COMPARED TO THE PREVIOUS YEAR. IN PART, THIS IS A REFLECTION OF OVERALL POPULATION TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES. NEVERTHELESS, THE GAP BETWEEN WHITES AND MINORITIES IS NOT BEING CLOSED VERY FAST. THE STUDY INDICATES THIS IS MOSTLY BECAUSE ONLY 33 PERCENT OF BLACK AND 36 PER CENT OF HISPANIC HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES WENT ON TO COLLEGE, COMPARED TO 42 PERCENT OF WHITES. // OPT // THE STUDY DOES NOT HAVE DATA FOR ASIAN AMERICANS IN THIS CATEGORY. // END OPT // DEBORAH CARTER, CO-AUTHOR OF THE STUDY, SAYS HOWEVER THAT HISPANICS APPEAR TO BE SETTING THE STAGE FOR FUTURE GAINS. // CARTER ACT // THEIR HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION RATE WENT UP TO ABOUT 61 PER CENT AND THAT'S THE HIGHEST IT'S BEEN SINCE THE MID-80'S. // END ACT // FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS, THE STUDY SHOWS THE HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION RATE HELD STEADY AROUND 75 PERCENT, AND IT REMAINED AROUND 83 PER CENT FOR WHITES. // OPT // ALTHOUGH CURRENT DATA ARE NOT AVAILABLE FOR ASIAN AMERICANS ON THIS, EXPERTS BELIEVE THE ASIAN HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION RATE IS ABOUT THAT OF WHITE STUDENTS -- AT LEAST 80 PERCENT. // END OPT // THE STUDY SHOWS MINORITIES NOW ARE DOING A BETTER JOB OF COMPLETING COLLEGE. BACHELOR DEGREES WENT UP 11 PERCENT AND MASTER'S DEGREES ROSE BY 15 PERCENT OVER THE PREVIOUS YEAR. AND DEBORAH CARTER SAYS BLACKS REGISTERED THE MOST GAIN AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL. // CARTER ACT // FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS AT THE DOCTORATE LEVEL BETWEEN 1992 AND 1993, THEY INCREASED ABOUT 15 PER CENT AND THAT'S THE LARGEST GAIN THAT WE'VE SEEN IN THE LAST 10 YEARS. // END ACT // THE EDUCATION RESEARCH EXECUTIVE CREDITS HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS FOR THE GAINS IN MINORITY SUCCESS IN RECENT YEARS. // CARTER ACT // WHAT THIS IS INDICATIVE OF IS THAT COLLEGES ARE MAKING MORE EFFORT. THEY ARE MAKING THE VOLUNTARY EFFORT TO RECRUIT AND TO TRY TO IMPROVE RETENTION AND THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS THAT GO ON IN GRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES. AND THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS WHY WE ARE SO CONCERNED ABOUT THE PENDING CUTS TO GRADUATE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMS FOR MINORITIES. // OPT // THOSE ARE BEING PROPOSED TO BE CUT OUT OF EXISTENCE, SO WE'RE REAL CONCERNED ABOUT THAT JUST AT THE TIME WHEN WE'RE SEEING SOME HEADWAY BEING MADE AGAIN. // END OPT // // END ACT // THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION HAS PROPOSED ELIMINATING SOME FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANT CATEGORIES IN THE NEXT FISCAL YEAR ON THE GROUNDS THAT THEY DUPLICATE OTHER AID OPPORTUNITIES. OVER ALL, STUDY CO-AUTHOR DEBORAH CARTER SAYS THE GOOD NEWS THIS YEAR IS THAT MORE MINORITY STUDENTS ARE EARNING DEGREES. SHE SAYS THE BAD NEWS IS THAT THE GROWTH RATE IN COLLEGE ATTENDANCE BY MINORITIES IS SLOWING DOWN -- FROM AN AVERAGE OF EIGHT PERCENT IN 1991 AND '92 TO ONLY TWO PERCENT IN 1993. (SIGNED) NEB/DOH/CF 20-Mar-95 12:05 PM EST (1705 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175793 TITLE=CAR NEWS (L-ONLY) BYLINE=PAUL FRANCUCH DATELINE=CHICAGO CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: A MAJOR CONSUMER PUBLICATION HERE IN THE UNITED STATES HAS COME OUT WITH ITS ANNUAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NEW AND USED CAR PURCHASES. AND DETROIT'S "BIG THREE" AUTOMAKERS FACE GOVERNMENT SCRUTINY OVER NEW CAR LENDING PRACTICES. FOR DETAILS, HERE'S V-O-A'S PAUL FRANCUCH. TEXT: THE RESPECTED PUBLICATION "CONSUMER REPORTS" MONDAY CAME OUT WITH ITS LISTING OF THE BEST CAR BUYS FOR 1995, ALONG WITH A LISTING OF WHICH USED CARS HAVE PROVEN TO BE THE MOST RELIABLE. THE GOOD NEWS FOR AUTOMAKERS IS THAT OF THE 115 NEW CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS TESTED THIS MODEL YEAR BY "CONSUMER REPORTS," ALMOST THREE-QUARTERS OF THEM RECEIVED A RATING OF "VERY GOOD" OR "EXCELLENT." THE RATINGS ARE BASED ON ASSESSMENT OF SUCH THINGS AS COMFORT, VEHICLE PERFORMANCE AND FUEL ECONOMY. FOR USED CARS AND TRUCKS, THE BEST RATINGS NEWS WENT TO JAPANESE MANUFACTURERS. THE BAD NEWS WAS FOR DETROIT. "CONSUMER REPORTS" SURVEYED NEARLY 600-THOUSAND OWNERS OF VEHICLE MODELS PURCHASED BETWEEN 1987 AND 1993. ON THE TOP TEN MOST RELIABLE LIST, ALL VEHICLES WERE JAPANESE, WITH HONDA'S "ACCORD" TOPPING THE LIST. THE "ACCORD" HAS BEEN OVERTAKEN IN RECENT YEARS BY FORD'S "TAURUS" MODEL AS THE MOST POPULAR CAR SOLD HERE IN THE UNITED STATES. BUT "CONSUMER REPORTS" FOUND THAT OWNERS OF SOME OLDER TAURUS MODELS WITH SMALLER ENGINES FOUND IT AMONG THE LEAST RELIABLE OF USED CARS. IN FACT, THE BOTTOM TEN ON THE LIST WERE ALL AMERICAN-MADE VEHICLES, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF ONE KOREAN-BUILD HYUNDAI. DETROIT-BASED AUTO COMPANIES ARE ALSO BEING INVESTIGATED BY THE U-S GOVERNMENT'S FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION FOR POSSIBLY DISCRIMINATING AGAINST MINORITY GROUPS WHEN GRANTING NEW CAR LOANS. REPRESENTATIVES OF GENERAL MOTORS, FORD AND CHRYSLER SAY THEY'VE RECEIVED GOVERNMENT INQUIRIES ON THE MATTER. EACH COMPANY DENIES THEY DISCRIMINATE IN THEIR LENDING PRACTICES. (SIGNED) NEB/PCF/CB/PT 20-Mar-95 6:14 PM EST (2314 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=CURRENT AFFAIRS FEATURE NUMBER=3-21313 TITLE=BROADWAY COMPOSER STEPHEN SONDHEIM (L) BYLINE=CAROLYN WEAVER TELEPHONE=619-2659 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=SWANEY CONTENT= [INSERTS AVAILABLE IN AUDIO SERVICES ONLY] TAPEB: CUT ONE -- "SYMPHONIC SWEENEY TODD" (ESTABLISH, THEN LOSE UNDER) INTRO: THIS YEAR, BROADWAY CELEBRATES THE CENTENARY OF OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN [STYNE] THE SECOND -- THE LYRICIST WHO CONTRIBUTED THE WORDS TO "OKLAHOMA!" AND OTHER CLASSICS OF THE AMERICAN MUSICAL THEATER. IT'S ALSO THE YEAR THAT STEPHEN SONDHEIM -- BROADWAY'S REIGNING COMPOSER/LYRICIST AND MR. HAMMERSTEIN'S FORMER PROTEGE -- TURNS 65. [MARCH 22] MR. SONDHEIM'S MUSICALS -- THEY INCLUDE "SWEENEY TODD," "COMPANY," "SUNDAY IN THE PARK WITH GEORGE," AND "PASSION" -- HAVE OFTEN BEEN DESCRIBED AS DARK, AMBIVALENT, AND WORLDLY-WISE. YET FORTY YEARS INTO HIS CAREER, HE STILL SEEMS THE FRESHEST AND MOST FERTILE MUSICAL IMAGINATION ON BROADWAY. CAROLYN WEAVER PROFILES THE ARTIST WHOSE COMPLEX MUSIC AND MODERN SENSIBILITY REDEFINED THE AMERICAN MUSICAL THEATER. TEXT: WHEN STEPHEN SONDHEIM CAME ALONG IN THE 1960S, AMERICAN MUSICAL THEATER WAS STILL LARGELY A ROMANCE OF SUNNY, YOUTHFUL OPTIMISM. STEPHEN SONDHEIM SHOWED THAT MUSICAL PLAYS COULD ALSO BE ABOUT DIVORCE AND DEFEAT, AGING AND DISENCHANTMENT. THEY COULD TAKE UP ABSTRACT INTELLECTUAL TOPICS LIKE THE NATURE OF ART, OR IMPERIALISM -- THEY COULD BE ABOUT SEXUAL VIOLENCE **OR POLITICAL ASSASSINATION. SONDHEIM'S MUSIC, TOO, WAS ALWAYS UNPREDICTABLE, NEVER EASY -- MIMICKING THE SELF-DOUBT OF HIS CONFLICTED CHARACTERS. TAPEB: CUT TWO -- "JOANNA" FROM SWEENEY TODD (ROLL UNDER AT ** ABOVE, SWEEP UP AT :20, HOLD TO TAKE UNDER AT ABOUT :55 ON "IN YOUR YELLOW HAIR") TEXT: STEPHEN SONDHEIM WAS BORN IN NEW YORK IN 1930. AFTER HIS PARENTS DIVORCED, HE WAS RAISED BY HIS MOTHER, ALTHOUGH HE SAYS SHE SPENT LITTLE TIME WITH HIM. SONDHEIM'S PATH AS A COMPOSER WAS FOSTERED BY AN ODD COINCIDENCE. WHEN HE WAS TWELVE YEARS OLD, HE WENT TO VISIT A FRIEND IN THE COUNTRY, JAMES HAMMERSTEIN [STYNE]. JAMES WAS THE SON OF OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN THE SECOND -- THE LYRICIST FOR "OKLAHOMA," "SHOWBOAT," AND "CAROUSEL" -- ALL CLASSICS OF MUSICAL THEATER. TAPEA: CUT ONE -- JAMES HAMMERSTEIN :26 "HE CAME FOR A WEEKEND, WHEN I THINK HE WAS TWELVE AND I WAS ELEVEN. HE PLANNED TO GO OFF TO CAMP THE FOLLOWING MONDAY OR TUESDAY, AND WE HAD SUCH A GOOD TIME THAT HE CANCELED CAMP AND STAYED WITH US FOR THE SUMMER, AND THAT TURNED INTO ALMOST A PERMANENT RELATIONSHIP, STAYING AT OUR HOUSE. HE WAS MUCH HAPPIER AT OUR HOME THAN AT HIS OWN." TEXT: WHEN STEPHEN SONDHEIM WROTE HIS FIRST MUSICAL -- AS A FIFTEEN-YEAR OLD -- HE SHOWED IT TO OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN, ASKING FOR HIS PROFESSIONAL OPINION. SONDHEIM HAS OFTEN DESCRIBED THAT AFTERNOON AS THE ONE WHERE HE LEARNED THE BASICS OF THE CRAFT OF SONG-WRITING. AND HE LEARNED SOMETHING ELSE, AS HE TOLD "60 MINUTES" SEVERAL YEARS AGO -- NOT TO BE AN IMITATOR, EVEN OF THE MAN HE MOST ADMIRED. TAPEA: CUT TWO -- STEPHEN SONDHEIM :32 "I'M A CITY BOY, AND OSCAR, THOUGH HE WAS A CITY BOY, WROTE A LOT OF BUCOLIC IMAGES. HE DID TALK ABOUT LARKS LEARNING TO PREY, AND -- AND HE SAID, 'I BELIEVE THESE -- YOU DON'T. AND WHEN I HEAR YOUR LYRICS, I KNOW THAT'S NOT WHAT YOU FEEL.' HE SAID, 'WRITE THE WAY YOU FEEL, DON'T WRITE THE WAY I FEEL.' AND THEN HE SAID THE KEY THING, HE SAID, 'IF YOU DO THAT, YOU'LL BE NINETY PERCENT AHEAD OF THE GAME, AND NINETY PERCENT AHEAD OF EVERYONE ELSE.' AND AS SOON AS HE PUT IT ON THE COMPETITIVE LEVEL, I THOUGHT, 'OH, OH, I GET TO BE BETTER THAN EVERYBODY ELSE IF I WRITE LIKE MYSELF?' SO I DID, RIGHT FROM THAT MOMENT." TAPEB: CUT THREE -- "AGONY" FROM INTO THE WOODS. (SNEAK UNDER VOICE CUT, IN FULL AT :04, TAKE UNDER AT :35) TEXT: SONDHEIM STUDIED CLASSICAL MUSIC AT WILLIAMS COLLEGE, AND THEN WITH THE AVANT-GARDE COMPOSER MILTON BABBITT. BUT HE FIRST CAME TO ATTENTION NOT FOR HIS MUSIC -- BUT FOR HIS LYRICS -- FOR "WEST SIDE STORY" IN 1957. HIS ACID, WITTY WORDS COMMENTED ON SOCIAL HYPOCRISY, ETHNIC HATREDS, AND EVEN THE MOCK SELF-PITY OF GANG MEMBERS -- IN RHYMES THAT HAD NEVER BEEN MADE BEFORE OR SINCE. TAPEA: CUT THREE -- STEPHEN SONDHEIM :17 "EVERYTHING THAT FOLLOWS THE ACCENT SHOULD BE EXACTLY ALIKE. SO LET'S SAY -- UM, NATION AND DECIMATION RHYME, BUT NATION AND CONSTERNATION DO NOT -- IF YOU WANT A LINE TO LAND, PARTICULARLY IF YOU WANT A LAUGH, IT BETTER RHYME. I'VE NEVER HEARD AN AUDIENCE LAUGH AT A LINE THAT DIDN'T RHYME PROPERLY." TAPEB: CUT FOUR -- "OFFICER KRUPKE" FROM WEST SIDE STORY. (SNEAK IN UNDER VOICE CUT, HOLD FOR :32, LOSE UNDER) TEXT: IN 1962, SONDHEIM DEBUTED AS LYRICIST AND COMPOSER, WITH "A FUNNY THING HAPPENED ON THE WAY TO THE FORUM," A BLEND OF VAUDEVILLE AND ANCIENT ROMAN HISTORY. WITH EVERY SUBSEQUENT PLAY, SONDHEIM PUSHED THE MUSICAL INTO NEW TERRITORY. HIS RECENT WORKS HAVE BLURRED THE LINE BETWEEN MUSICAL AND OPERA -- WITH SUBJECT MATTER THAT IS OFTEN DARK OR ESOTERIC. "SWEENEY TODD," FOR EXAMPLE IS ABOUT A MURDEROUS BARBER IN 19TH-CENTURY LONDON. "SUNDAY IN THE PARK WITH GEORGE" IMAGINES THE WORLD THROUGH THE EYES OF FRENCH IMPRESSIONIST PAINTER GEORGES [ZHORZH] SEURAT [SUR-AH] AS HE PAINTS HIS MASTERPIECE. [OPT] "PACIFIC OVERTURES" IS ABOUT THE ARRIVAL OF COMMODORE PERRY IN 1850'S JAPAN. SONDHEIM HAS SAID THAT HE ALWAYS WRITES HIS SONGS FOR THE PARTICULAR CHARACTER, AT A SPECIFIC DRAMATIC MOMENT. HIS MOST FAMOUS SONG, "SEND IN THE CLOWNS," FOR EXAMPLE, IS SUNG BY AN AGING ACTRESS IN "A LITTLE NIGHT MUSIC." SHE HAS BEEN REFUSED BY THE MAN SHE LOVES AND IS FINDING HERSELF A RIDICULOUS FIGURE. SONDHEIM HAS SAID THAT HE WROTE THE SONG TO MIRROR HER IRRESOLUTE, QUESTIONING MOOD. TAPEB: CUT FOUR -- "SEND IN THE CLOWNS" (SNEAK IN, UP ON VOICE AT :05: HOLD TO, :38 THEN LOSE UNDER VOICE CUT) TAPEA: CUT FOUR -- JAMES HAMMERSTEIN :17 "HE HAS BEEN THE MOST DARING OF ANY OF THE WRITERS TO FOLLOW MY FATHER. HE'S PUSHED THE BORDERS BACK OF WHAT YOU CAN AND CAN'T DO IN A MUSICAL THEATER. AND HE'S GIVEN US SOME MARVELOUS ENTERTAINMENT AS HE'S DONE IT." [END OPT] TEXT: OVER THE YEARS, SONDHEIM'S FIFTEEN STAGE WORKS HAVE GARNERED NUMEROUS TONY AWARDS. IN 1984, HE WON THE PULITZER PRIZE FOR "SUNDAY IN THE PARK WITH GEORGE." YET UNTIL RECENTLY, SONDHEIM PLAYS WERE A MINORITY TASTE -- APPRECIATED BY MUSICAL SOPHISTICATES BUT PUZZLING TO MAINSTREAM AUDIENCES WHO LOVED THE WORK OF HIS MENTOR, OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN. TODAY, SONDHEIM'S MUSIC HAS BEGUN TO REACH A LARGER AUDIENCE THROUGH NEW RECORDINGS, MOVIES AND TELEVISION. YET IT DOESN'T SEEM LIKELY THAT HE WILL EVER BE SEEN AS SAFE OR EASY. AS SINGER PATRICK CASSIDY HAS SAID, THERE IS NO ONE ELSE LIKE STEPHEN SONDHEIM AND THERE PROBABLY NEVER WILL BE. [SO] TAPEB: CUT FIVE -- "THE SUN NEVER SETS" FROM A LITTLE NIGHT MUSIC. (SNEAK UNDER, IN FULL AT :07, THEN PLAY TO FADE AS DESIRED) (CDS USED IN THIS PIECE: CDP-7166 -- SONDHEIM: A CELEBRATION AT CARNEGIE HALL ("SEND IN THE CLOWNS" AND "SYMPHONIC SWEENEY TODD," INCLUDING "JOANNA" ) CDP-501 INTO THE WOODS ("AGONY") CDP-101 WEST SIDE STORY ("GEE, OFFICER KRUPKE") CDP-2409 A LITTLE NIGHT MUSIC ("THE SUN WON'T SET") 20-Mar-95 4:20 PM EST (2120 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19962* TITLE=OSCAR PREVIEW: BEST ACTOR BYLINE=ALAN SILVERMAN DATELINE=LOS ANGELES CONTENT= VOICED AT: // RERUNNING TO INSERT TITLE "FORREST GUMP" IN TEXT NEAR END. // INTRO: A MAD KING .. A PRAGMATIC PRISONER .. A LUCKLESS CARPENTER .. A PHILOSOPHICAL ASSASSIN .. A BIG-HEARTED SIMPLETON -- THOSE ROLES EARNED OSCAR NOMINATIONS FOR BEST ACTOR THIS YEAR. THE WINNER, CHOSEN BY FIVE THOUSAND VOTING MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN MOTION PICTURE ACADEMY, WILL BE REVEALED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27] AT THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS FOR FILM ACHIEVEMENT. V-O-A'S ALAN SILVERMAN HAS THIS PREVIEW OF THE NOMINEES FOR BEST ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE: TEXT: TWO CENTURIES AGO, HE WAS THE BRITISH MONARCH WHO LOST THE AMERICAN COLONIES ... BUT HE WAS STILL KING GEORGE-THE-THIRD: /// "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" ACTUALITY /// "IF YOUR MAJESTY WOULD JUST LIFT YOUR LEG." "I'M THE KING. YOU LIFT MY LEG." /// END ACTUALITY /// NIGEL HAWTHORNE STARS IN "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE," RECREATING THE ROLE HE ORIGINATED ON STAGE AND EARNING A BEST ACTOR OSCAR NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF THE UNSTABLE .. PERHAPS DEMENTED .. MONARCH: /// HAWTHORNE ACTUALITY /// SOMETIMES IN A DAY WE CAN JUMP FROM EXTREME DISTRESS TO TOTAL NORMALITY TO SEMI-DISTRESS TO SOMETHING ELSE. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" ACTUALITY /// "HUSH? YOU DARE TO STOP THE KING OF ENGLAND FROM SPEAKING HIS MIND?" (SCUFFLE SFX) /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// HIS "MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" PERFORMANCE GIVES THE 65-YEAR-OLD BRITISH ACTOR HIS FIRST CAREER OSCAR NOMINATION. NOMINEE PAUL NEWMAN, WHO JUST TURNED 70, IS AN OSCAR FINALIST FOR THE NINTH TIME IN HIS CAREER FOR "NOBODY'S FOOL:" /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" ACTUALITY /// "DOES IT EVER BOTHER YOU THAT YOU HAVE NOT DONE MORE WITH THE LIFE GOD GAVE YOU?" "NOT OFTEN ... NOW AND THEN." /// END ACTUALITY /// NEWMAN STARS AS A BROKEN-DOWN, SMALL-TOWN CARPENTER WHO LEARNS THAT HIS BUMPY (TROUBLED) LIFE HAS MADE A DIFFERENCE: /// OPT /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" ACTUALITY /// "I JUST FOUND OUT THAT I'M SOMEBODY'S GRANDFATHER .. SOMEBODY'S FATHER .. AND MAYBE SOMEBODY'S FRIEND IN THE BARGAIN." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// IT'S A "REAL PEOPLE" ROLE THAT PARTICULARLY APPEALED TO THE VETERAN ACTOR: /// NEWMAN ACTUALITY /// THERE WERE NO AUTOMOBILES BEING BLOWN UP, NO FRONTAL NUDITY .. AND THE MAIN CHARACTER DID NOT HAVE TO SHOOT 600 PEOPLE TO MAKE HIS POINT. THAT WAS A RELIEF .. AND THAT IT WAS A CHARACTER-DRIVEN PIECE WAS KIND OF NICE. /// END ACTUALITY /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" STAR PAUL NEWMAN ALREADY HAS ONE BEST ACTOR ACADEMY AWARD /// OPT /// FOR "THE COLOR OF MONEY" IN 1986 /// END OPT /// AND TWO HONORARY OSCARS INCLUDING AN AWARD LAST YEAR FOR HIS HUMANITARIAN WORK. MORGAN FREEMAN EARNS HIS THIRD CAREER OSCAR NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF A CRAFTY CONVICT WHO KNOWS HOW TO WORK THE SHAWSHANK PRISON SYSTEM IN "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION:" /// OPT /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" ACTUALITY /// "WHY DID YOU DO IT? "I DIDN'T, SINCE YOU ASKED." "YOU'RE GOING TO FIT RIGHT IN." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// /// FREEMAN ACTUALITY /// HE'S A SCROUNGER [SCAVENGER]. PRISONERS HAVE MANY NEEDS JUST TO GET FROM DAY TO DAY -- A MAGAZINE, A BOOK, A PACKAGE OF CIGARETTES, A BOTTLE OF BOOZE -- AND THIS GUY, BEING THE OPERATOR THAT HE IS, MANAGES THAT FOR THEM. I THINK HE ALSO MANAGES TO GET THEM THE WHEREWITHAL TO PAY HIM. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" ACTUALITY /// "LET ME TELL YOU SOMETHING, MY FRIEND. HOPE IS A DANGEROUS THING. HOPE CAN DRIVE A MAN INSANE." /// END ACTUALITY /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" HAD ONLY LIMITED BOX OFFICE SUCCESS, BUT MORGAN FREEMAN'S BEST ACTOR NOMINATION IS AMONG SEVEN FOR THE CRITICALLY-ACCLAIMED DRAMA, INCLUDING BEST PICTURE. A BEST ACTOR OSCAR NOMINATION IS AMONG THE SEVEN, (INCLUDING BEST PICTURE), FOR THE SHOCKING AND FUNNY ANTHOLOGY OF LIFE IN THE L-A UNDERWORLD, "PULP FICTION:" /// "PULP FICTION" ACTUALITY /// "THIS IS A MORAL TEST OF ONE'S SELF .. WHETHER OR NOT YOU CAN MAINTAIN LOYALTY." /// END ACTUALITY /// JOHN TRAVOLTA IS PARTICULARLY PLEASED WITH THE RECOGNITION FOR HIS PERFORMANCE AS A DRUG-ADDICTED HIT-MAN [ASSASSIN]: /// TRAVOLTA ACTUALITY /// I HAVE NOTHING IN COMMON WITH THIS GUY, AND I DON'T INTEND TO HAVE ANYTHING I COMMON WITH THIS GUY, AND I'M PRETTY PROUD OF THAT, ACTUALLY. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "PULP FICTION" ACTUALITY /// "DO YOU KNOW WHAT THEY CALL A (MACDONALD'S) QUARTER-POUNDER WITH CHEESE IN PARIS?" "THEY DON'T CALL IT A QUARTER POUNDER WITH CHEESE? "NO, THEY HAVE THE METRIC SYSTEM. THEY CALL IT A ROYALE WITH CHEESE." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// IT IS THE SECOND TIME IN HIS CAREER THAT JOHN TRAVOLTA IS UP FOR BEST ACTOR. /// OPT /// HIS FIRST NOMINATION WAS FOR "SATURDAY NIGHT FEVER," 17 YEARS AGO: /// OPT /// TRAVOLTA ACTUALITY /// THIS IS A TRUE STORY. FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS, MY WIFE AND I SAT AND WATCHED THE OSCARS .. AND EVERY YEAR SHE SAID "COULDN'T WE PLEASE GO TO THE OSCARS?" I SAID "NEXT YEAR, MAYBE" .. BECAUSE IT ISN'T REALLY A FUN THING UNLESS YOU'RE GIVING OUT AN AWARD OR YOU'VE BEEN NOMINATED. LAST YEAR I SAID "HONEY, NO MATTER WHAT, I PROMISE YOU WE ARE GOING TO THE OSCARS." IF YOU WOULD HAVE TOLD ME THAT I'D BE NOMINATED FOR AN OSCAR THIS YEAR, I JUST WOULDN'T HAVE BELIEVED IT. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// THE NOMINATION CHAMPION THIS YEAR -- WITH 13 OSCAR FINALISTS -- ALSO HAS THE ODDSMAKER'S FAVORITE TO WIN BEST ACTOR: /// "FORREST GUMP" ACTUALITY /// "I'M NOT A SMART MAN, BUT I KNOW WHAT LOVE IS. /// END ACTUALITY /// TOM HANKS HAS HIS THIRD CAREER NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF THE GOOD-HEARTED, SIMPLE-MINDED TITLE CHARACTER IN THE 1994 WORLDWIDE BOX OFFICE CHAMPION, "FORREST GUMP": /// HANKS ACTUALITY /// EVEN THOUGH IT HAS BECOME A CONTRIVANCE AND A COMMON REFERENCE POINT EVER SINCE IT CAME OUT IN JULY, I THINK THE DAY BEFORE IT CAME OUT, NOBODY KNEW WHAT TO EXPECT .. AND WHEN THEY SAW IT, IT WAS A TOTAL SURPRISE. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "FORREST GUMP" ACTUALITY /// "MY MAMA ALWAYS SAID LIFE WAS LIKE A BOX OF CHOCOLATES; YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO GET." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// WHO WILL GET THE BEST ACTOR OSCAR: TOM HANKS .. JOHN TRAVOLTA .. MORGAN FREEMAN .. PAUL NEWMAN OR NIGEL HAWTHORNE? THE ENVELOPE WITH ANSWER WILL BE UNSEALED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27] AT THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS. (SIGNED) NEB/ADS/MMK 21-Mar-95 1:43 PM EST (1843 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 7640 total bytes, 7640 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175823 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (L-ONLY) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN ARMY IS SAID TO HAVE MADE SOME TERRITORIAL GAINS IN ITS TWO-DAY-OLD OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE SERBS NEAR TWO TOWNS IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. THE SERBS HAVE AGAIN SHELLED ONE OF THE TOWNS, TUZLA, AND ITS AIRPORT. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: THE UNITED NATIONS COMMAND IN SARAJEVO REPORTS MORE FIGHTING AS MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN ARMY TROOPS TRY TO SEIZE SERB POSITIONS ON TWO STRATEGIC MOUNTAINS NEAR THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWNS OF TUZLA AND TRAVNIK. THE COMMAND SAYS THE BOSNIAN ARMY APPEARS TO HAVE MADE SOME GAINS IN THE FIGHTING ON MOUNT MAJEVICA NEAR TUZLA, THE SECOND- LARGEST TOWN IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. BUT, SERB ARTILLERY GUNNERS ON THE MOUNTAINSIDE AGAIN SHELLED TUZLA, FORCING SCHOOLS TO CLOSE. THEY HIT THE TOWN'S AIRPORT, AS WELL. THERE ARE NO IMMEDIATE REPORTS OF CASUALTIES. MANY BOSNIAN ARMY SOLDIERS WERE KILLED OR WOUNDED IN A SERB ARTILLERY ATTACK ON TUZLA ON MONDAY AFTER THE ARMY BEGAN AN OFFENSIVE IN THAT AREA. ONE SHELL HIT A MILITARY BARRACKS. UNITED NATIONS ENVOY YASUSHI AKASHI SAYS THE MUSLIM OFFENSIVE IS A MAJOR BLOW TO THE CURRENT OFFICIAL CEASE-FIRE IN MOST OF BOSNIA. BOSNIAN PRIME MINISTER HARIS SILAJDZIC HAS SAID THE MUSLIMS HAVE TO FIGHT BECAUSE THE SERBS WILL NOT ACCEPT THE LATEST PEACE PLAN AND BECAUSE THE PEACE PROCESS IS GOING NOWHERE. IN ANOTHER POSSIBLE BLOW TO THE CEASE-FIRE, THE SERBS HAVE TAKEN A NUMBER OF WEAPONS FROM A U-N GUARDED HEAVY WEAPONS STORAGE DEPOT IN A SARAJEVO SUBURB. FRENCH SOLDIERS ARE SAID TO HAVE OFFERED NO RESISTANCE, ALTHOUGH THE SERBS' WITHDRAWAL OF THE WEAPONS VIOLATES A U-N SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION. MEANWHILE, IN CROATIA, THE GOVERNMENT IS STILL DEMANDING THE DEPLOYMENT OF U-N PEACE-KEEPERS IN SERB-HELD TERRITORY ALONG THE COUNTRY'S BORDERS WITH BOSNIA AND SERBIA. THE CROATIAN SERB LEADER, MILAN MARTIC, HAS SAID THE BORDER DEPLOYMENT UNDER A NEW U-N MANDATE IN CROATIA WOULD BE UNACCEPTABLE. BUT CROATIAN OFFICIALS SAY AN AGREEMENT ON A NEW MANDATE COULD BE REACHED BY THE END OF MARCH OR IN EARLY APRIL. THE CURRENT MANDATE EXPIRES ON MARCH 31ST. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/SKH/MMK 21-Mar-95 10:17 AM EST (1517 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 2378 total bytes, 2378 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/20/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19958 TITLE=OSCAR PREVIEW: BEST ACTRESS BYLINE=ALAN SILVERMAN DATELINE=LOS ANGELES CONTENT= VOICED AT: NOTE TO EDITORS: TAPE WILL BE FED BEFORE NOON EST 3-21 INTRO: THE OSCARS, PRESENTED BY THE ACADEMY OF MOTION PICTURE ARTS AND SCIENCES, ARE THE TOP AMERICAN HONORS FOR FILM ACHIEVEMENT. WINNERS OF THE COVETED GOLDEN STATUETTES ARE CHOSEN BY SOME FIVE-THOUSAND VOTING MEMBERS OF THE ACADEMY AND WILL BE REVEALED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27] IN A STAR-STUDDED CEREMONY TELECAST WORLDWIDE FROM THE SHRINE AUDITORIUM IN LOS ANGELES. IN THIS OSCAR PREVIEW, VOA'S ALAN SILVERMAN HAS A LOOK AT THE FIVE WOMEN AND PERFORMANCES NOMINATED FOR BEST ACTRESS IN A LEADING ROLE: TEXT: DRAMA WAS THE KEY TO A BEST ACTRESS NOMINATION THIS YEAR; ALL FIVE FINALISTS STAR IN SERIOUS, DRAMATIC FILMS: /// "TOM AND VIV" ACTUALITY /// "THE POEMS COME OUT OF OUR LIVES, TOM." /// END ACTUALITY /// MIRANDA RICHARDSON IS NOMINATED FOR PORTRAYING A REAL-LIFE CHARACTER: THE BEAUTIFUL YOUNG ENGLISH ARISTOCRAT WHOSE STORMY RELATIONSHIP WITH AMERICAN POET TOM "T.S." ELIOT IS THE STORY OF "TOM AND VIV:" /// RICHARDSON ACTUALITY /// A TERRIFIC RANGE OF EMOTION AND GREAT HUMOR. IT'S A STORY THAT NEEDED TO BE TOLD. SHE DIDN'T HAVE A VOICE AT THE TIME, CREATIVELY, SO THIS IS THE OPPORTUNITY. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// /// "TOM AND VIV" ACTUALITY /// "I KEEP GETTING ALL THESE FORMAL LETTERS FROM YOUR LAWYERS. I TOLD THEM I WANTED TO TALK TO YOU. AFTER ALL, YOU ARE MY HUSBAND." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// MIRANDA RICHARDSON WON THE GOLDEN GLOBE FOR HER "TOM AND VIV" PERFORMANCE AND THIS IS HER SECOND CAREER OSCAR NOMINATION. /// OPT /// SHE WAS NOMINATED IN 1992 FOR HER SUPPORTING PERFORMANCE IN "DAMAGE." /// END OPT /// AT 23, WINONA RYDER IS ONE OF HOLLYWOOD'S FASTEST-RISING YOUNG STARS. SHE EARNED A SUPPORTING ACTRESS NOMINATION LAST YEAR /// OPT /// FOR "THE AGE OF INNOCENCE," /// END OPT /// AND THIS YEAR, A LITERARY CLASSIC PUT RYDER IN THE RUNNING FOR BEST ACTRESS: /// "LITTLE WOMEN" ACTUALITY /// "IF I WERE N-O-T GOING TO BE A WRITER, I'D GO TO NEW YORK AND PURSUE THE STAGE. ARE YOU SHOCKED?" /// END ACTUALITY /// RYDER STARS AS JO, THE BUDDING WRITER AMONG THE FOUR MARCH SISTERS IN "LITTLE WOMEN:" /// OPT /// /// "LITTLE WOMEN" ACTUALITY /// "I WANT TO DO SOMETHING DIFFERENT. I DON'T KNOW WHAT IT IS YET, BUT I'M ON THE WATCH FOR IT." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// THE LOUISA-MAY ALCOTT NOVEL HAS BEEN A PERENNIAL FAVORITE WITH GENERATIONS OF YOUNG GIRLS, BUT RYDER IS CONVINCED IT HAS MALE FANS TOO: /// RYDER ACTUALITY /// MEN DID SEE IT, ACTUALLY, BUT NOBODY TALKS ABOUT IT. MEN SAWS IT AND THEY COULDN'T BELIEVE THEY LIKED IT. AUDIENCES LOVE IT. PEOPLE ARE SO MOVED BY IT AND THAT'S THE BEST REWARD. /// END ACTUALITY /// DESPITE CRITICAL ACCLAIM FOR THE FAITHFUL SCREEN ADAPTATION, RYDER'S IS THE ONLY ACTING NOMINATION FOR "LITTLE WOMEN." COURTROOM DRAMAS BY JOHN GRISHAM ARE CONTEMPORARY FAVORITES WITH READERS AND MOTION PICTURE ACADEMY VOTERS LIKE WHAT SUSAN SARANDON DOES IN THE FILM VERSION OF GRISHAM'S "THE CLIENT:" /// "THE CLIENT" ACTUALITY /// "YOU GET ANYWHERE NEAR MY CLIENT AGAIN WITHOUT MY PERMISSION AND I'M GOING TO SUE YOU AND THE F-B-I FOR CIVIL RIGHTS VIOLATIONS." /// END ACTUALITY /// SARANDON STARS AS A BRASH ATTORNEY WHO FIGHTS TO PROTECT A YOUNG BOY WHO WITNESSES A MURDER: /// OPT /// /// "THE CLIENT" ACTUALITY /// "HOW MANY CASES HAVE YOU WON?" "MORE THAN I'VE LOST." "HOW MUCH DO YOU COST?" "HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE?" /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// /// SARANDON ACTUALITY /// IT IS PEOPLE REACHING OUT WHICH, FOR ME, IS WHEN MOVIES ARE AT THEIR BEST: TWO PEOPLE TAKING A CHANCE TO MAKE CONTACT, REACHING OUT AND MAYBE CHANGING THEIR LIVES JUST A LITTLE BIT. /// END ACTUALITY /// IT'S THE FOURTH CAREER BEST ACTRESS NOMINATION FOR SUSAN SARANDON /// OPT ///; SHE WAS UP FOR "ATLANTIC CITY" IN 1981, "THELMA AND LOUISE" TEN YEARS LATER AND, TWO YEARS AGO, "LORENZO'S OIL." /// END OPT /// JODIE FOSTER GETS THE FOURTH OSCAR NOMINATION OF HER CAREER FOR HER HIGHLY ORIGINAL PERFORMANCE IN "NELL:" /// "NELL" ACTUALITY /// "TAY IN UH WEE IN." "TREE IN THE WIND! YOU'RE A TREE IN THE WIND! (LAUGHS)" /// END ACTUALITY /// SHE PLAYS A WOMAN RAISED AWAY FROM CIVILIZATION WHO SPEAKS A LANGUAGE ALL HER OWN: /// FOSTER ACTUALITY /// IT WAS A PROCESS, BECAUSE THE ROLE WAS INTERESTING, BUT MY CO-PRODUCER AND I DEVELOPED IT FOR QUITE A LONG TIME. IT'S PROBABLY THE MOST PERSONAL SHAPING I'VE EVER DONE ON ANYTHING. IT'S SO PERSONAL THAT I CAN'T EVEN BEGIN TO SAY HOW MUCH IT MEANS TO ME. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// /// "NELL" ACTUALITY /// "ANYTHING THE MATTER? ANYTHING THE MATTER?" /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// "NELL" STAR JODIE FOSTER HAS WON BEST ACTRESS TWICE BEFORE /// OPT /// IN 1988 FOR "THE ACCUSED" AND "THE SILENCE OF THE LAMBS" IN 1991. SHE SAYS SHE KEEPS HER OSCARS IN THE BATHROOM. /// END OPT /// JESSICA LANGE GETS HER SIXTH CAREER NOMINATION FOR "BLUE SKY:" /// "BLUE SKY" ACTUALITY /// "YOU DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH I NEED HIM. NOBODY UNDERSTANDS THAT." /// END ACTUALITY /// SHE PLAYS THE WIFE OF A MILITARY OFFICER IN THE 1960'S; HER MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PERSONALITY CREATING MORAL AND FAMILY CRISES: /// OPT /// /// "BLUE SKY" ACTUALITY /// "YOU WENT TOO FAR TODAY." "BRIGITTE BARDOT STRIPS FOR MILLIONS AND SHE'S A GODDESS. I SUNBATHE TOPLESS AND I'M A SCANDAL." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// /// LANGE ACTUALITY /// PARTS LIKE THESE ARE THE EASIEST FOR ME BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE TO THINK ABOUT YOUR PARAMETERS. (WITH) A CHARACTER LIKE THIS, YOU CAN DO ANYTHING. IT'S GREAT TO BE ABLE TO TAKE IT AS FAR OUT THERE AS YOU POSSIBLY CAN. TO ME, THAT'S REALLY THE MOST FUN. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// LANGE WON BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS IN 1982 FOR "TOOTSIE." /// END OPT /// "BLUE SKY," THE LAST FILM BY THE LATE BRITISH DIRECTOR TONY RICHARDSON, SAT ON THE SHELF FOR THREE YEARS; ITS RELEASE WAS DELAYED BY STUDIO FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES. /// OPT /// JESSICA LANGE, JODIE FOSTER, SUSAN SARANDON, WINONA RYDER OR MIRANDA RICHARDSON: ONE OF THOSE NAMES WILL BE IN THE ENVELOPE MARKED "BEST ACTRESS" WHEN THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS ARE PRESENTED MONDAY NIGHT. /// END OPT /// (SIGNED) NEB/ADS/LWM 20-Mar-95 10:08 PM EST (0308 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 7410 total bytes, 7410 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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Receiving Information... Receiving Fle/| DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175853 TITLE=MIR DEPARTURE (S) BYLINE=DAVID MCALARY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: EDITORS NOTE: BY UPDATING THE INTRO, THE TEXT IS WRIITTEN TO HOLD UP AFTER THE THREE COSMONAUTS LAND. LANDING IS SCHEDULED FOR 11:03 P.M. E.S.T. 22 KILOMETERS NORTHEAST OF ARKALYK IN KAZAKHSTAN. INTRO: THE RUSSIAN COSMONAUT WHO HAS BEEN IN SPACE LONGER THAN ANY OTHER PERSON HAS DEPARTED THE MIR SPACE STATION FOR EARTH WITH TWO COLLEAGUES. V-O-A SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT DAVID MCALARY REPORTS THAT THEY LEFT BEHIND A U-S / RUSSIAN TEAM THAT WILL REMAIN ABOARD FOR THE NEXT THREE MONTHS. --More--(35%)[Press space to continue, q to quit, h for help]TEXT: AFTER 14 MONTHS ON MIR, VALERY POLYAKOV FLOATED THROUGH THE HATCH WITH COSMONAUTS ALEXANDER VIKTORENKO AND ELENA KONDAKOVA LATE TUESDAY G-M-T TO BOARD A SOYUZ CAPSULE FOR THE FLIGHT BACK TO KAZAKHSTAN. DR. POLYAKOV, A PHYSICIAN, HAD ALREADY BEEN ON MIR WITH TWO PREVIOUS RUSSIAN CREWS WHEN MR. VIKTORENKO AND MS. KONDAKOVA JOINED HIM FIVE-AND-A-HALF MONTHS AGO. THEY OFFICIALLY HANDED THE CRAFT OVER TO A REPLACEMENT TEAM WITH WHOM THEY SHARED QUARTERS SINCE LAST THURSDAY -- COSMONAUTS VLADIMIR DEZHUROV AND GENNADY STREKALOV AND U-S ASTRONAUT NORM THAGARD, THE FIRST AMERICAN ON A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT. THE THREE NEW CREW MEMBERS WILL REMAIN ABOARD MIR UNTIL THE U-S SPACE SHUTTLE "ATLANTIS" FLIES UP TO RETRIEVE THEM IN JUNE AND DEPOSIT THE TWO COSMONAUTS WHO WILL BECOME THE NEXT MIR CREW. THAT DOCKING WILL BE THE FIRST U-S / RUSSIAN LINK-UP IN SPACE IN 20 YEARS AND THE FIRST OF SEVEN WITH THE MIR AS THE TWO COUNTRIES PURSUE A JOINT PROGRAM TO LEARN HOW TO WORK TOGETHER IN ORBIT IN PREPARATION FOR BUILDING THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION BEGINNING IN 1997. (SIGNED) --More--(95%)[Press space to continue, q to quit, h for help] NEB/DEM/LWM 21-Mar-95 5:50 PM EST (2250 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Press <RETURN> to continue, <m> to mail, <D> to download:

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DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175828 TITLE=TUZLA FIGHTING (S-ONLY) BYLINE=DAN YOVICH DATELINE=SARAJEVO CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: HEAVY FIGHTING IS REPORTED FOR THE SECOND DAY BETWEEN BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT AND BOSNIAN SERB FORCES THROUGHOUT MUCH OF NORTHERN AND CENTRAL BOSNIA. DAN YOVICH IN SARAJEVO REPORTS U-N OFFICIALS SAY BOSNIAN SERBS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR MOST OF THE SHELLING, WITH MANY OF THE EXPLOSIONS OCCURRING IN CIVILIAN AREAS. TEXT: U-N OFFICIALS SAY MOST OF THE SHELLING IS CONCENTRATED NORTHEAST OF THE U-N DECLARED SAFE AREA OF TUZLA, 140 KILOMETERS NORTH OF SARAJEVO. U-N PROTECTION FORCE SPOKESMAN MAJOR HERVE GOURMELON SAYS BOSNIAN SERBS HAVE SHELLED BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT-CONTROLLED REGIONS NEAR TUZLA WITH A RATIO OF MORE THAN 10 SHELLS TO EVERY ONE RETURNED BY BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT FORCES. MAJOR GOURMELON SAYS MORE THAN 250 SHELLS EXPLODED NEAR REGIONS CONTROLLED BY THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT ARMY. AT LEAST SIX OF THE SHELLS HIT THE CITY CENTER. FORTY-THREE OTHERS EXPLODED AROUND THE U-N CONTROLLED AIRFIELD SOUTH OF THE CITY WHERE MORE THAN 900 SWEDISH, NORWEGIAN, AND DANISH TROOPS ARE STATIONED. NO U-N CASUALTIES ARE REPORTED. BUT, MAJOR GOURMELON SAYS SOME CIVILIANS IN THE CITY ARE BEING TREATED FOR SHRAPNEL WOUNDS. ANOTHER U-N OFFICIAL, ALEXANDER IVANKO, SAYS LETTERS OF PROTEST HAVE BEEN SENT TO MILITARY COMMANDERS OF BOTH SIDES, URGING THEM TO HALT ALL MILITARY ACTIVITY. SO FAR, NEITHER SIDE HAS RESPONDED TO THE U-N DEMANDS. (SIGNED) NEB/DY/SKH/JWH 21-Mar-95 11:10 AM EST (1610 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.79 usisbel, 22 Mar 95

DATE=03/22/95 TYPE=SPECIAL ENGLISH FEATURE NUMBER=7-17039 TITLE=SPECIAL ENGLISH SCIENCE REPORT - THE CHANGING BRAIN BYLINE=JESSICA BERMAN TELEPHONE=619-0925 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=MARILYN CHRISTIANO CONTENT= ANNCR: SOME SCIENTISTS GATHERED RECENTLY AT THE UNITED STATES LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. THEY DISCUSSED NEW DISCOVERIES ABOUT HOW THE BRAIN KEEPS CHANGING THROUGHOUT A PERSONS'S LIFE. V-O-A SCIENCE WRITER JESSICA BERMAN ATTENDED THE CONFERENCE. THIS IS HER REPORT FOR SPECIAL ENGLISH. VOICE: SCIENTISTS ONCE BELIEVED THAT PEOPLE WERE BORN WITH ALL OF THE BRAIN CONNECTIONS THAT THEY WOULD NEED THROUGHOUT THEIR LIVES. TODAY SCIENTISTS ARE DISCOVERING THAT THE HUMAN BRAIN REALLY CHANGES A LOT DURING A PERSON'S LIFETIME. THEY LEARNED THIS BECAUSE THEY ARE NOW ABLE TO SEE THE BRAIN IN ACTION. MODERN IMAGING EQUIPMENT MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO WATCH THE HUMAN BRAIN FORM NEW CONNECTIONS. ONE KIND OF EQUIPMENT THAT CAN MAKE PICTURES OF THE BRAIN IS CALLED POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY, KNOWN AS PET. AS A PERSON LEARNS A SKILL -- LIKE USING A COMPUTER -- NEW PARTS OF THE BRAIN BECOME ACTIVE. THIS IS EASILY SEEN USING PET. SCIENTISTS CAN TAKE A PICTURE OF A PERSON'S BRAIN BEFORE HE OR SHE LEARNS HOW TO USE THE COMPUTER. THEN, THEY TAKE A PICTURE OF THE SAME BRAIN AFTERWARDS. THE TWO PICTURES LOOK VERY DIFFERENT. IN THE "AFTER" PICTURE, AREAS OF THE BRAIN THAT HELP THE PERSON USE THE COMPUTER ARE ONE BRIGHT COLOR. THESE SAME AREAS, IN THE "BEFORE" PICTURE, ARE A DIFFERENT COLOR. MICHAEL MERZENICH ('MURZ-NIK) OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GAVE ONE OF THE REPORTS AT THE RECENT CONFERENCE ABOUT THE BRAIN. HE DISCUSSED AN EXAMPLE OF A CHANGE IN THE BRAIN THAT INVOLVES COCHLEAR ('COKE-LEER) IMPLANTS. THESE ARE SMALL, ELECTRONIC DEVICES. DOCTORS OPERATE ON SOME DEAF PEOPLE TO PUT THE DEVICES INSIDE THEIR EARS. DOCTOR MERZENICH SAID THAT AT FIRST, A PERSON WITH A COCHLEAR IMPLANT DOES NOT HEAR VERY WELL. ALL OF THE SOUNDS ARE MIXED TOGETHER. THEY MAKE A LOUD NOISE. BUT AFTER ABOUT THREE MONTHS THE LOUD NOISE STOPS. SEPARATE WORDS CAN BE UNDERSTOOD. THE PERSON CAN HEAR WELL ENOUGH TO USE A TELEPHONE. DOCTOR MERZENICH SAID THAT THIS SHOWS THE WONDERFUL WAY THE BRAIN WORKS. HE SAID RESEARCHERS MUST DISCOVER MORE ABOUT HOW THE BRAIN FORMS NEW CONNECTIONS. THIS INFORMATION COULD HELP THEM LEARN WAYS TO HELP THE BRAIN TO MAKE CONNECTIONS. AND THEN -- EXPERTS LIKE MICHAEL MERZENICH SAY -- IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO REPAIR NOT ONLY DEAFNESS, BUT MANY OTHER HUMAN DISABILITIES. THIS IS JESSICA BERMAN WITH THE SPECIAL ENGLISH SCIENCE REPORT. 21-Mar-95 4:14 PM EST (2114 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.80 usisbel, 22 Mar 95

DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175836 TITLE=SENATE PEACE KEEPING (L ONLY) BYLINE=JIM MALONE DATELINE=SENATE CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: REPUBLICANS IN THE U-S SENATE AND A TOP CLINTON ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL CLASHED TUESDAY ABOUT THE FUTURE OF AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT IN UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS. V-O-A SENATE CORRESPONDENT JIM MALONE REPORTS THE U-S AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS, MADELEINE ALBRIGHT, WARNED REPUBLICANS THAT A BILL RESTRICTING U-S PARTICIPATION IN U-N PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS COULD BE HARMFUL TO U-S NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS. TEXT: THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE OPENED HEARINGS ON A PROPOSAL FROM SENATE MAJORITY LEADER BOB DOLE WHICH WOULD MAKE IT FAR MORE DIFFICULT FOR THE UNITED STATES TO COMMIT TROOPS FOR UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. SENATE REPUBLICANS HAVE BEEN DEMANDING NEW RESTRICTIONS ON U-N PEACEKEEPING SINCE THE DEATHS OF 18 U-S SERVICMEN IN SOMALIA IN 1993. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HAS ALREADY APPROVED A MEASURE WHICH WOULD REDUCE U-S CONTRIBUTIONS TO U-N PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS AS PART OF THEIR CONTRACT WITH AMERICA. THE DOLE PROPOSAL WOULD RESTRICT THE USE OF AMERICAN TROOPS TO ONLY THOSE SITUATIONS WHERE A CLEAR NATIONAL SECURITY INTEREST IS AT STAKE. SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN JESSE HELMS IS A SUPPORTER. // HELMS ACT. // PEACEKEEPING CANNOT SOLVE THE WORLD'S PROBLEMS AND SHOULD NOT BE EXPECTED TO. SOME OF US HAVE SAID THAT ALL ALONG. AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN THE WORLD SHOULD NOT BE DEFINED BY HOW MANY U-N PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS WE PARTICIPATE IN. // END ACT. // BUT THE U-S AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS, MADELEINE ALBRIGHT, DESCRIBES BOTH REPUBLICAN PROPOSALS (FROM THE SENATE AND HOUSE) AS BAD BILLS. SHE ARGUES THAT RESTRICTIONS ON AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT IN U-N PEACEKEEPING COULD BE HARMFUL TO U-S NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS AND THAT ANY AMERICAN WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING OBLIGATIONS COULD SPARK SIMILAR MOVES BY OTHER U-N MEMBER COUNTRIES. // ALBRIGHT ACT. // MR. CHAIRMAN, U-N PEACEKEEPING IS NOT THE RIGHT TOOL IN ALL CIRCUMSTANCES. BUT IT IS TOO VALUABLE TO THROW AWAY AS H-R. SEVEN (THE HOUSE BILL ALREADY PASSED) AND S. FIVE (THE SENATE BILL SPONSORED BY SENATOR DOLE) WOULD REQUIRE. THE DIFFICULTY WE HAVE WITH THE LEGISLATION, THEREFORE, IS NOT WITH THE PURPORTED (INTENDED) GOALS BUT WITH THE HEAVY-HANDED APPROACH TAKEN TO ACHIEVE THEM. THEY WOULD IMPOSE RESTRICTIONS ON THE PRESIDENT'S CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITIES THAT NO ADMINISTRATION COULD ACCEPT. // END ACT. // // OPT // SENATOR DOLE'S PROPOSAL WOULD ALSO PLACE RESTRICTIONS ON AMERICAN TROOPS SERVING UNDER FOREIGN COMMANDERS. IT WOULD ALSO ALLOW THE UNITED STATES TO REDUCE ITS UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING ASSESSMENTS BY GETTING CREDIT FOR DIRECT OR INDIRECT U-S MILITARY ASSISTANCE FOR U-N MISSIONS. // END OPT // THE MEASURE IS SURE TO DRAW A SPIRITED DEBATE ONCE IT REACHES THE SENATE FLOOR WITH DEMOCRATS LIKE SENATOR JOHN KERRY (MASSACHUSETTS) POISED TO OPPOSE IT, FEARING IT WOULD MOVE THE UNITED STATES TOWARD ISOLATIONISM. // KERRY ACT. // SO, MR. CHAIRMAN, I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT FOR US NOT TO LET A FRUSTRATION OVER SOMALIA OR BOSNIA LEAD US DOWN A PATH THAT WILL ULTIMATELY UNDERMINE OUR ABILITY TO BE ABLE TO PROTECT THE MANY VARIED INTERESTS THAT ARE REFLECTED IN FOREIGN POLICY AND TO BE ABLE TO LIVE UP TO THE IMPORTANT MANTLE OF LEADERSHIP THAT HAS FALLEN ON US. // END ACT. // REPUBLICAN SENATOR OLYMPIA SNOWE (MAINE) ALSO RAISED CONCERNS ABOUT BOXES OF CLASSIFIED U-S DOCUMENTS WHICH UNITED NATIONS FORCES LEFT BEHIND AFTER THEIR RECENT PULLOUT FROM SOMALIA. REPUBLICAN CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS HAVE WRITTEN TO PRESIDENT CLINTON AND SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER ASKING TO SUSPEND ANY FUTURE TRANSFER OF CLASSIFIED INFORMATION TO THE UNITED NATIONS. AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT SAYS SHE WAS OUTRAGED BY THE SECURITY BREACH AND SAYS A FINAL ASSESSMENT OF WHAT WAS IN THE DOCUMENTS HAS NOT BEEN COMPLETED. (SIGNED) NEB/JM/CF 21-Mar-95 2:37 PM EST (1937 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.81 usisbel, 22 Mar 95

DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19962 TITLE=OSCAR PREVIEW: BEST ACTOR BYLINE=ALAN SILVERMAN DATELINE=LOS ANGELES CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: A MAD KING .. A PRAGMATIC PRISONER .. A LUCKLESS CARPENTER .. A PHILOSOPHICAL ASSASSIN .. A BIG-HEARTED SIMPLETON -- THOSE ROLES EARNED OSCAR NOMINATIONS FOR BEST ACTOR THIS YEAR. THE WINNER, CHOSEN BY FIVE THOUSAND VOTING MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN MOTION PICTURE ACADEMY, WILL BE REVEALED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27] AT THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS FOR FILM ACHIEVEMENT. V-O-A'S ALAN SILVERMAN HAS THIS PREVIEW OF THE NOMINEES FOR BEST ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE: TEXT: TWO CENTURIES AGO, HE WAS THE BRITISH MONARCH WHO LOST THE AMERICAN COLONIES ... BUT HE WAS STILL KING GEORGE-THE-THIRD: /// "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" ACTUALITY /// "IF YOUR MAJESTY WOULD JUST LIFT YOUR LEG." "I'M THE KING. YOU LIFT MY LEG." /// END ACTUALITY /// NIGEL HAWTHORNE STARS IN "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE," RECREATING THE ROLE HE ORIGINATED ON STAGE AND EARNING A BEST ACTOR OSCAR NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF THE UNSTABLE .. PERHAPS DEMENTED .. MONARCH: /// HAWTHORNE ACTUALITY /// SOMETIMES IN A DAY WE CAN JUMP FROM EXTREME DISTRESS TO TOTAL NORMALITY TO SEMI-DISTRESS TO SOMETHING ELSE. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "THE MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" ACTUALITY /// "HUSH? YOU DARE TO STOP THE KING OF ENGLAND FROM SPEAKING HIS MIND?" (SCUFFLE SFX) /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// HIS "MADNESS OF KING GEORGE" PERFORMANCE GIVES THE 65-YEAR-OLD BRITISH ACTOR HIS FIRST CAREER OSCAR NOMINATION. NOMINEE PAUL NEWMAN, WHO JUST TURNED 70, IS AN OSCAR FINALIST FOR THE NINTH TIME IN HIS CAREER FOR "NOBODY'S FOOL:" /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" ACTUALITY /// "DOES IT EVER BOTHER YOU THAT YOU HAVE NOT DONE MORE WITH THE LIFE GOD GAVE YOU?" "NOT OFTEN ... NOW AND THEN." /// END ACTUALITY /// NEWMAN STARS AS A BROKEN-DOWN, SMALL-TOWN CARPENTER WHO LEARNS THAT HIS BUMPY (TROUBLED) LIFE HAS MADE A DIFFERENCE: /// OPT /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" ACTUALITY /// "I JUST FOUND OUT THAT I'M SOMEBODY'S GRANDFATHER .. SOMEBODY'S FATHER .. AND MAYBE SOMEBODY'S FRIEND IN THE BARGAIN." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// IT'S A "REAL PEOPLE" ROLE THAT PARTICULARLY APPEALED TO THE VETERAN ACTOR: /// NEWMAN ACTUALITY /// THERE WERE NO AUTOMOBILES BEING BLOWN UP, NO FRONTAL NUDITY .. AND THE MAIN CHARACTER DID NOT HAVE TO SHOOT 600 PEOPLE TO MAKE HIS POINT. THAT WAS A RELIEF .. AND THAT IT WAS A CHARACTER-DRIVEN PIECE WAS KIND OF NICE. /// END ACTUALITY /// "NOBODY'S FOOL" STAR PAUL NEWMAN ALREADY HAS ONE BEST ACTOR ACADEMY AWARD /// OPT /// FOR "THE COLOR OF MONEY" IN 1986 /// END OPT /// AND TWO HONORARY OSCARS INCLUDING AN AWARD LAST YEAR FOR HIS HUMANITARIAN WORK. MORGAN FREEMAN EARNS HIS THIRD CAREER OSCAR NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF A CRAFTY CONVICT WHO KNOWS HOW TO WORK THE SHAWSHANK PRISON SYSTEM IN "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION:" /// OPT /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" ACTUALITY /// "WHY DID YOU DO IT? "I DIDN'T, SINCE YOU ASKED." "YOU'RE GOING TO FIT RIGHT IN." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// /// FREEMAN ACTUALITY /// HE'S A SCROUNGER [SCAVENGER]. PRISONERS HAVE MANY NEEDS JUST TO GET FROM DAY TO DAY -- A MAGAZINE, A BOOK, A PACKAGE OF CIGARETTES, A BOTTLE OF BOOZE -- AND THIS GUY, BEING THE OPERATOR THAT HE IS, MANAGES THAT FOR THEM. I THINK HE ALSO MANAGES TO GET THEM THE WHEREWITHAL TO PAY HIM. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" ACTUALITY /// "LET ME TELL YOU SOMETHING, MY FRIEND. HOPE IS A DANGEROUS THING. HOPE CAN DRIVE A MAN INSANE." /// END ACTUALITY /// "THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION" HAD ONLY LIMITED BOX OFFICE SUCCESS, BUT MORGAN FREEMAN'S BEST ACTOR NOMINATION IS AMONG SEVEN FOR THE CRITICALLY-ACCLAIMED DRAMA, INCLUDING BEST PICTURE. A BEST ACTOR OSCAR NOMINATION IS AMONG THE SEVEN, (INCLUDING BEST PICTURE), FOR THE SHOCKING AND FUNNY ANTHOLOGY OF LIFE IN THE L-A UNDERWORLD, "PULP FICTION:" /// "PULP FICTION" ACTUALITY /// "THIS IS A MORAL TEST OF ONE'S SELF .. WHETHER OR NOT YOU CAN MAINTAIN LOYALTY." /// END ACTUALITY /// JOHN TRAVOLTA IS PARTICULARLY PLEASED WITH THE RECOGNITION FOR HIS PERFORMANCE AS A DRUG-ADDICTED HIT-MAN [ASSASSIN]: /// TRAVOLTA ACTUALITY /// I HAVE NOTHING IN COMMON WITH THIS GUY, AND I DON'T INTEND TO HAVE ANYTHING I COMMON WITH THIS GUY, AND I'M PRETTY PROUD OF THAT, ACTUALLY. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "PULP FICTION" ACTUALITY /// "DO YOU KNOW WHAT THEY CALL A (MACDONALD'S) QUARTER-POUNDER WITH CHEESE IN PARIS?" "THEY DON'T CALL IT A QUARTER POUNDER WITH CHEESE? "NO, THEY HAVE THE METRIC SYSTEM. THEY CALL IT A ROYALE WITH CHEESE." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// IT IS THE SECOND TIME IN HIS CAREER THAT JOHN TRAVOLTA IS UP FOR BEST ACTOR. /// OPT /// HIS FIRST NOMINATION WAS FOR "SATURDAY NIGHT FEVER," 17 YEARS AGO: /// OPT /// TRAVOLTA ACTUALITY /// THIS IS A TRUE STORY. FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS, MY WIFE AND I SAT AND WATCHED THE OSCARS .. AND EVERY YEAR SHE SAID "COULDN'T WE PLEASE GO TO THE OSCARS?" I SAID "NEXT YEAR, MAYBE" .. BECAUSE IT ISN'T REALLY A FUN THING UNLESS YOU'RE GIVING OUT AN AWARD OR YOU'VE BEEN NOMINATED. LAST YEAR I SAID "HONEY, NO MATTER WHAT, I PROMISE YOU WE ARE GOING TO THE OSCARS." IF YOU WOULD HAVE TOLD ME THAT I'D BE NOMINATED FOR AN OSCAR THIS YEAR, I JUST WOULDN'T HAVE BELIEVED IT. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// THE NOMINATION CHAMPION THIS YEAR -- WITH 13 OSCAR FINALISTS -- ALSO HAS THE ODDSMAKER'S FAVORITE TO WIN BEST ACTOR: /// "FORREST GUMP" ACTUALITY /// "I'M NOT A SMART MAN, BUT I KNOW WHAT LOVE IS. /// END ACTUALITY /// TOM HANKS HAS HIS THIRD CAREER NOMINATION FOR HIS PORTRAYAL OF THE GOOD-HEARTED, SIMPLE-MINDED TITLE CHARACTER IN THE 1994 WORLDWIDE BOX OFFICE CHAMPION: /// HANKS ACTUALITY /// EVEN THOUGH IT HAS BECOME A CONTRIVANCE AND A COMMON REFERENCE POINT EVER SINCE IT CAME OUT IN JULY, I THINK THE DAY BEFORE IT CAME OUT, NOBODY KNEW WHAT TO EXPECT .. AND WHEN THEY SAW IT, IT WAS A TOTAL SURPRISE. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// "FORREST GUMP" ACTUALITY /// "MY MAMA ALWAYS SAID LIFE WAS LIKE A BOX OF CHOCOLATES; YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO GET." /// END ACTUALITY /// END OPT /// WHO WILL GET THE BEST ACTOR OSCAR: TOM HANKS .. JOHN TRAVOLTA .. MORGAN FREEMAN .. PAUL NEWMAN OR NIGEL HAWTHORNE? THE ENVELOPE WITH ANSWER WILL BE UNSEALED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27] AT THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS. (SIGNED) NEB/ADS/MMK 21-Mar-95 1:18 PM EST (1818 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.82 usisbel, 22 Mar 95

DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175856 TITLE=MIR DEPARTURE (L) BYLINE=DAVID MCALARY DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: EDITORS NOTE: BY UPDATING THE INTRO, THE TEXT IS WRIITTEN TO HOLD UP AFTER THE THREE COSMONAUTS LAND. LANDING IS SCHEDULED FOR 11:03 P.M. E.S.T. 22 KILOMETERS NORTHEAST OF ARKALYK IN KAZAKHSTAN. INTRO: THREE RUSSIAN COSMONAUTS HAVE LEFT THE MIR SPACE STATION FOR EARTH AFTER OFFICIALLY HANDING THE CRAFT OVER TO A RUSSIAN / U-S TEAM THAT ARRIVED LAST WEEK. V-O-A SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT DAVID MCALARY REPORTS THAT ONE OF THE RETURNING COSMONAUTS SET A WORLD SPACE ENDURANCE RECORD ON THE FLIGHT. TEXT: VALERY POLYAKOV WILL ENJOY HIS FIRST NORTHERN SPRING ON THE GROUND IN TWO YEARS. WITH COSMONAUTS ALEXANDER VIKTORENKO AND ELENA KONDAKOVA, HE FLOATED THROUGH THE HATCH LATE TUESDAY G-M-T TO BOARD A SOYUZ CAPSULE FOR THE FLIGHT BACK TO KAZAKHSTAN, ENDING 14 MONTHS IN ORBIT. DR. POLYAKOV, A PHYSICIAN, HAD ALREADY BEEN ON MIR WITH TWO PREVIOUS RUSSIAN CREWS WHEN MR. VIKTORENKO AND MS. KONDAKOVA JOINED HIM FIVE-AND-A-HALF MONTHS AGO TO FORM THE 17TH MIR TEAM SINCE THE SPACE STATION WAS LAUNCHED IN 1986. THEY LEAVE BEHIND THE 18TH MIR CREW, WITH WHOM THEY SHARED THE MIR CABIN SINCE LAST THURSDAY -- COSMONAUTS VLADIMIR DEZHUROV AND GENNADY STREKALOV, AND U-S ASTRONAUT NORM THAGARD, THE FIRST AMERICAN ON A RUSSIAN SPACECRAFT. ASTRONAUT THAGARD IS ALSO PHYSICIAN WHO -- LIKE DR. POLYAKOV -- WILL BE CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF WEIGHTLESSNESS ON THE HUMAN BODY. IN AN INTERVIEW WITH A U-S TELEVISION NETWORK TUESDAY, DR. THAGARD SAID HE WOULD MISS HIS MEDICAL COLLEAGUE AFTER LESS THAN ONE WEEK WORKING TOGETHER. // THAGARD ACTUALITY // ONE OF HIS RESPONSIBILITIES WAS TO FAMILIARIZE ME WITH EQUIPMENT -- THE AMERICAN EQUIPMENT THAT WAS BROUGHT ON BOARD BECAUSE HE STORED THAT AWAY, AND HE ALSO INTRODUCED ME TO SOME OF THE NUANCES OF THE RUSSIAN EQUIPMENT WITH WHICH I WILL HAVE TO WORK. SO HE'S BEEN VERY USEFUL. IT'LL BE SAD TO SEE HIM GO -- NOT THE LEAST OF THAT IS NOW I'LL HAVE TO COPE ON MY OWN AND BEFORE I HAD HIS NOT INCONSEQUENTIAL HELP WITH THE EXPERIMENTS THAT I WAS DOING. // END ACTUALITY // IN A JOINT NEWS CONFERENCE HELD BY THE TWO CREWS MONDAY, DR. POLYAKOV SAID THE PURPOSE OF HIS 14 MONTH STAY IN ORBIT WAS TO DEMONSTRATE THE FEASIBILITY OF A FLIGHT TO MARS, AND HE TOLD REPORTERS HE BELIEVES HE SUCCEEDED. THE REPLACEMENT CREW WILL REMAIN ABOARD MIR UNTIL THE U-S SPACE SHUTTLE "ATLANTIS" FLIES UP TO RETRIEVE THEM IN JUNE AND DEPOSIT THE TWO COSMONAUTS WHO WILL BECOME THE 19TH MIR CREW IN NINE YEARS. THAT DOCKING WILL BE THE FIRST U-S / RUSSIAN LINK-UP IN SPACE IN 20 YEARS AND THE FIRST OF SEVEN WITH THE MIR AS THE TWO COUNTRIES PURSUE A JOINT PROGRAM TO LEARN HOW TO WORK TOGETHER IN ORBIT IN PREPARATION FOR BUILDING THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION BEGINNING IN 1997. (SIGNED) NEB/DEM/LWM 21-Mar-95 6:11 PM EST (2311 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE= MARCH 22, 1995 TYPE= EDITORIAL NUMBER= 0-06300 TITLE= HOLBROOKE ON NATO CONTENT=THIS IS THE FIRST OF TWO EDITORIALS BEING RELEASED FOR BROADCAST MARCH 22, 1995. ANNCR: THE VOICE OF AMERICA PRESENTS DIFFERING POINTS OF VIEW ON A WIDE VARIETY OF ISSUES. NEXT, AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. VOICE: FOR FORTY-FIVE YEARS, THE COLD WAR CREATED CLEAR CHOICES OF RIGHT AND WRONG AND AN UNAMBIGUOUS DIVIDING LINE IN THE MIDDLE OF EUROPE. BUT WITH THE COLLAPSE OF SOVIET COMMUNISM, THOSE DIVISIONS HAVE CEASED TO EXIST. IN RECENT TESTIMONY BEFORE MEMBERS OF THE U.S. CONGRESS, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE RICHARD HOLBROOKE SAID THE NATO ALLIANCE NOW HAS THE OPPORTUNITY TO HELP SECURE A FREE AND UNDIVIDED CONTINENT. THE BIRTH OF DEMOCRACY IN THE EAST BROUGHT AN EARLY EUPHORIA, WHICH HAS SINCE BEEN REPLACED BY A SOBER APPRECIATION OF NEW PROBLEMS. INTERNAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC INSTABILITY AND THE RETURN OF HISTORIC GRIEVANCES HAVE REPLACED SOVIET EXPANSIONISM AS THE GREATEST THREAT TO PEACE IN EUROPE. THESE FORCES, MAKE CLEAR AN INESCAPABLE FACT: DESPITE THE COLD WAR'S END, EUROPE STILL NEEDS THE ACTIVE AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT THAT HAS BEEN A NECESSARY COMPONENT OF EUROPEAN PEACE FOR HALF A CENTURY. THE U.S. IS WORKING WITH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND CANADA TO BUILD A NEW EUROPEAN SECURITY STRUCTURE. THESE EFFORTS FOCUS ON THE U.S. MAINTAINING STRONG RELATIONS WITH WESTERN EUROPE, CONSOLIDATING DEMOCRACY IN CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE NATIONS OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION, AND ENGAGING RUSSIA AS A RESPONSIBLE PARTNER. THE PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE IS AN IMPORTANT TOOL FOR PROMOTING THIS COOPERATION BETWEEN NATO AND ITS NEW PARTNERS TO THE EAST. IT IS ALSO THE BEST PATH TO MEMBERSHIP FOR COUNTRIES WILLING AND ABLE TO JOIN THE ALLIANCE. NATO REMAINS THE ANCHOR OF AMERICAN ENGAGEMENT IN EUROPE AND THE LINCHPIN OF TRANSATLANTIC SECURITY. AS ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE HOLBROOKE SAID, NATO HAS ALWAYS BEEN MORE THAN A TRANSITORY RESPONSE TO A TEMPORARY THREAT -- IT HAS BEEN A GUARANTOR OF EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY AND A FORCE FOR STABILITY. ITS EXPANSION -- NOW BEING STUDIED BY THE SIXTEEN ALLIES IN BRUSSELS -- WILL WORK TO IMPROVE THE PROSPECTS FOR WIDER PEACE ON THE EUROPEAN CONTINENT. ANNCR: THAT WAS AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE HEARD ON THIS ISSUE, PLEASE WRITE TO EDITORIALS, VOICE OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, D-C, 20547, U-S-A. YOU MAY ALSO SEND US A FAX AT (202) 619-1043. YOUR COMMENTS MAY BE USED ON THE AIR. 21-Mar-95 4:57 PM EST (2157 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175855 TITLE=COPYRIGHT AWARENESS CAMPAIGN (S-ONLY) BYLINE=ANDREW BAIRD DATELINE=WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: IN A WORLD THAT INCREASINGLY AWARDS CREATIVE ENDEAVOR -- WHETHER IT BE IN THE ARTS OR TECHNOLOGY -- THE U-S GOVERNMENT HAS LAUNCHED A NEW COPYRIGHT AWARENESS CAMPAIGN TO PROMOTE THE PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. V-O-A'S ANDREW BAIRD HAS THIS REPORT. TEXT: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HAS RECEIVED INCREASED ATTENTION RECENTLY, FOLLOWING THE RESOLUTION OF A MAJOR TRADE DISPUTE OVER THE ISSUE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA. THE U-S GOVERNMENT IS CONCERNED ABOUT THE PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER AREAS OF THE WORLD AS WELL. BECAUSE THE NATION'S SCHOOLS ARE THE BIGGEST USERS OF COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL, THE COPYRIGHT AWARENESS CAMPAIGN IS A JOINT EFFORT BETWEEN THE DEPARTMENTS OF COMMERCE AND EDUCATION. THE ANALYTICAL GROUNDWORK FOR THE CAMPAIGN WAS THE PRODUCT OF THE PRESIDENT'S NATIONAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE TASK FORCE. MR. RON BROWN, U-S SECRETARY OF COMMERCE, KICKED OFF THE CAMPAIGN BY ADDRESSING THE ISSUE OF THE NEED FOR BETTER COPYRIGHT PROTECTION IN AN INCREASINGLY TECHNOLOGICAL WORLD. // BROWN ACT // IT IS PERHAPS TOO LITTLE UNDERSTOOD THAT MUCH OF THE INFORMATION THAT IS AVAILABLE VIA THE NATIONAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE IS PROTECTABLE BY COPYRIGHT LAW, AND THAT THOSE PRODUCTS PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT REPRESENT SIGNFICIANT INVESTMENT, SIGNIFICANT EFFORT, AND SIGNIFICANT COST TO THEIR OWNERS. // BROWN END ACT // THE COPYRIGHT AWARENESS CAMPAIGN WILL FOCUS ON CURRENT COPYRIGHT REGULATIONS AND HOW THEY CAN BE STRENGTHENED TO BETTER PROTECT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. IT ALSO WILL LOOK AT RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS, SUCH AS MULTI-MEDIA COMPUTER- GENERATED WORKS WHERE PROPER COMPLIANCE WITH COPYRIGHT LAWS IS UNCLEAR. IT WILL ALSO LOOK AT ANTI-PIRACY ISSUES TO INCREASE THE PACE OF ENFORCEMENT IN CASES INVOLVING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY THAT CAN BE EASILY DUPLICATED, ESPECIALLY COMPUTER SOFTWARE. (SIGNED) NEB/PT 21-Mar-95 6:10 PM EST (2310 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/21/95 TYPE=CURRENT AFFAIRS FEATURE-TTA COMPUTER SERIES 95-359 NUMBER=3-21321 TITLE=ANTHROPOLOGIST ON THE INTERNET (L) BYLINE=DAN NOBLE TELEPHONE=619-1014 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=KLEINFELDT CONTENT= (INSERTS AVAILABLE FROM AUDIO SERVICES) INTRO: ANTHROPOLOGY IS THE SCIENCE OF HUMAN BEINGS. IT'S THE STUDY OF PEOPLE -- THEIR DISTRIBUTION, ORIGIN, CLASSIFICATION AND RACIAL COMPOSITION. AS DAN NOBLE REPORTS, THERE IS A ROLE FOR ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE HIGH-TECH COMMUNITY. TEXT: LEE BAKER IS AN ANTHROPOLOGIST ASSOCIATED WITH THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. HE ALSO OPERATES AN ELECTRONIC DICUSSION GROUP, ON THE INTERNET, CALLED "CRITICAL ISSUES IN AFRICAN AMERICAN LIFE AND CULTURE. TAPE: CUT ONE -- LEE BAKER (0:17) "A DISCUSSION LIST IS ONE OF THE WELL USED VEHICLES OF THE INTERNET. WHAT IT DOES IS IT BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER ALL OVER THE WORLD THAT HAVE COMMON INTERESTS, OR PARTICULAR HOBBIES, OR ISSUES THAT THEY WANT TO SHARE." TEXT: PROFESSOR BAKER SAYS THAT HIS DISCUSSION GROUP IS USED BY A DIVERSE COMMUNITY. TAPE: CUT TWO -- LEE BAKER (0:38) "IT IS A VEHICLE FOR A LOT OF COLLEGE STUDENT, OFTEN TIMES PROFESSORS. MORE AND MORE PEOPLE ON AMERICA ONLINE AND COMPUSERVE ARE CHIMING INTO THE DEBATE -- AND IT SHARES INFORMATION AND DISCUSSIONS ABOUT CRITICAL ISSUES: EVERYTHING FROM AFFIRMATIVE ACTION. IT IS A VEHICLE FOR SHARING JOBS, NETWORKING, INFORMATION, TIDBITS OF INFORMATION WITH REGARD TO SPECIFIC JOBS AROUND THE COUNTRY. PEOPLE USE MY LIST TO DO THAT. IT IS ALSO A VEHICLE FOR COMMENTARY. IF YOU CAN'T GET IT PUBLISHED IN THE NEW YORK TIMES, WELL 500-PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD WILL BE READING THAT IF YOU WANT TO POST IT TO THE LIST." TEXT: ACCORDING TO LEE BAKER OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, THE INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY MAKES IT EASIER FOR HIM -- AND OTHER SOCIAL SCIENTISTS -- TO CONDUCT RESEARCH. TAPE: CUT THREE -- LEE BAKER (0:48) "ONE OF THE BEST VEHICLES FOR ACCESSING SOCIAL SCIENCE IS PEOPLE THEMSELVES. AND, THERE'S A WHOLE HOST OF DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC USE LISTS OR THESE DISCUSSION LISTS; EVEN MORE FOR SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND HISTORY AND ANTHROPOLOGY, IN PARTICULAR. I'M DOING RESEARCH (FOR EXAMPLE) ON 'X," "Y" AND "Z," AND PEOPLE ARE VERY GENEROUS WITH THEIR INFORMATION. IT IS ALMOST AMAZING HOW GENEROUS. SEARCHING THE COLLECTIVITY OF PEOPLE'S BRAINS OPPOSED TO A DATABASE, I FIND FAR MORE EFFECTIVE THAN TRYING TO DO A SEARCH. YOU DO FIND EXPERTS IN THESE FIELDS AND THEY DO HAVE THEIR OWN BIBLIOGRAPHY IN THEIR HEADS. THAT BECOMES A REAL VEHICLE FOR SHARING SPECIFIC INFORMATION." TEXT: AND, THE ANTHROPOLOGIST SAYS THAT WHILE COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY HELPS HIM IN HIS WORK, THERE IS -- IN HIS WORDS -- "A FALLACY THAT COMPUTERS MAKE THE INTERNET AND THE INFORMATION MAKES YOUR WORK EASIER." TAPE: CUT FOUR -- LEE BAKER (0:28) "ONE HAS TO PUT THIS INTO A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE. MANY PEOPLE THOUGHT THE ASSEMBLY LINE WOULD MAKE PEOPLE'S WORK EASIER. MANY THOUGHT THAT MORE EFFICIENT ASSEMBLY LINES WOULD MAKE PEOPLE'S WORK EASIER, AND ON AND ON AND ON. WHAT HAPPENS IS THAT PEOPLE STILL WORK AS HARD AND THE SAME REGULATIONS ARE STILL NEVER IMPOSED. AS PEOPLE'S PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY INCREASES, IT STILL DOESN'T MEAN THAT YOU ARE WORKING LESS, OR WORKING LESS." TEXT: AS AN ANTHROPOLOGIST, LEE BAKER AT JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY CONTINUES HIS STUDY OF PEOPLE. AND, HE'S ADDED TO HIS EFFORTS ONE OF HUMANKIND'S NEWEST TOOLS: HIGH-TECH COMPUTERS. (FROM TALK TO AMERICA, MARCH 17) 21-Mar-95 4:07 PM EST (2107 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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the internet th.zip

voa.87 usisbel, 23 Mar 95

DATE=3/22/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175885 TITLE=E-U FILM (L-ONLY) BYLINE=JOHN FRASER DATELINE=BRUSSELS CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION IN BRUSSELS HAS CALLED ON EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENTS TO TIGHTEN THE RULES ON USE OF FOREIGN TELEVISION PROGRAMS. THE PROPOSALS WOULD RESTRICT THE AMOUNT OF AMERICAN AND OTHER NON-EUROPEAN UNION MATERIAL WHICH CAN BE SHOWN ON T-V STATIONS INSIDE THE 15-NATION BLOC. JOHN FRASER REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS. TEXT: THE 20-STRONG EUROPEAN COMMISSION HAS RECONFIRMED THAT ORDINARY TELEVISION CHANNELS WILL HAVE TO BROADCAST E-U -MADE DRAMA, FILMS AND DOCUMENTARIES FOR AT LEAST HALF OF THEIR OUTPUT. IN OTHER WORDS, IMPORTS FROM AMERICA, AUSTRALIA AND ELSEWHERE WILL BE RESTRICTED TO LESS THAN HALF OF TOTAL BROADCASTING TIME. THE 50 PERCENT T-V QUOTAS WILL BE TIGHTLY APPLIED FOR 10 YEARS AFTER WHICH THEY WILL BE DROPPED. HOWEVER, THEMATIC CHANNELS, SUCH AS CARTOON NETWORKS OR THOSE THAT SHOW OLD MOVIES OR DOCUMENTARIES, WILL BE TREATED DIFFERENTLY. THEY CAN EITHER OBSERVE THE 50 PERCENT QUOTA FOR EUROPEAN OUTPUT OR INVEST A QUARTER OF THEIR PROGRAM BUDGETS IN EUROPEAN PROGRAM PRODUCTION. MEANWHILE, E-U COMMISSIONERS HAVE ALSO DECIDED THAT VIDEO ON DEMAND SERVICES, UNDER WHICH FILMS ARE BEAMED DOWN TELEPHONE LINES, WILL BE EXCLUDED FORM THE 50 PERCENT QUOTA RULES. HOWEVER, THEY WARN THAT REGULATIONS TO PROTECT YOUNG PEOPLE FROM PORNOGRAPHY AND VIOLENCE WILL APPLY TO DIAL-A-VIDEO SERVICES. THE NEW T-V PLANS WILL BE PUT TO EUROPEAN UNION CULTURE MINISTERS, WHO WILL MEET IN LUXEMBOURG EARLY NEXT MONTH. BRUSSELS COMMISSIONER MARCELINO OREJA HAS PROMISED THAT HE WILL ALSO BE COMING UP WITH NEW PROPOSALS TO HELP BOOST THE EUROPEAN AUDIO-VISUAL INDUSTRY. HE SAYS HIS AIM IS TO ENCOURAGE EUROPEAN PROGRAM MAKING AND TO ENSURE THAT IT IS COMPETITIVE. HE ARGUES THAT EUROPEAN CULTURE AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY MUST BE EXPRESSED. AS WELL AS USING REGULATION, HE WANTS TO GIVE ENCOURAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO THE E-U AUDIO VISUAL INDUSTRY. THE NEW IDEAS ON PROTECTING EUROPEAN T-V PROGRAM MAKERS ARE LIKELY TO BE WELCOMED IN EUROPE, BUT HAVE ALREADY ANGERED THE MOVIE MOGULS OF HOLLYWOOD. (SIGNED) NEB/JF/SKH/GPT 22-Mar-95 9:30 AM EST (1430 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/22/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175910 TITLE=MICROSOFT/MOVIES (L-ONLY) BYLINE=BRECK ARDERY DATELINE=NEW YORK CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: MICROSOFT CORPORATION, THE WORLD'S LARGEST COMPUTER SOFTWARE COMPANY, ANNOUNCED WEDNESDAY THAT IT WILL PARTICIPATE IN A JOINT VENTURE TO PRODUCE ENTERTAINMENT PRODUCTS. VOA CORRESPONDENT BRECK ARDERY REPORTS FROM NEW YORK. TEXT: MICROSOFT WILL JOIN FORCES WITH "DREAMWORKS," A NEW MOTION PICTURE STUDIO WHICH WAS FORMED LAST YEAR. DREAMWORKS WAS FOUNDED BY THREE VERY SUCCESSFUL ENTERTAINMENT EXECUTIVES, MOVIE DIRECTOR STEVEN SPIELBERG, FORMER WALT DISNEY EXECUTIVE JEFFREY KATZENBERG AND MUSIC PRODUCER DAVID GEFFEN. EQUALLY SUCCESSFUL IN HIS OWN FIELD IS BILL GATES, FOUNDER OF MICROSOFT. HE HAS A REPUTATION FOR KEEPING HIS COMPANY ON THE LEADING EDGE OF TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT. THE JOINT VENTURE, TO BE FUNDED BY BOTH MICROSOFT AND DREAMWORKS, WILL PRODUCE INTERACTIVE AND MULTIMEDIA ENTERTAINMENT. AMONG THE FIRST PRODUCTS, EXPECTED TO BE AVAILABLE BY LATE 1996, WILL BE ADVENTURE GAMES AND STORIES FOR USE IN PERSONAL COMPUTERS. AT A BRIEFING FOR REPORTERS AT MICROSOFT HEADQUARTERS IN REDMOND, WASHINGTON, BILL GATES SAID HE AND HIS PARTNERS HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT THE JOINT VENTURE FOR SOME TIME. /// GATES ACT /// IT HAS BEEN A LOT OF FUN TO START A DIALOGUE WITH THE GUYS FROM DREAMWORKS. WE HAVE SHARED OUR VISION OF WHAT IS POSSIBLE AND SAT UP LATE AT NIGHT AND TALKED ABOUT HOW THE WORLD IS GOING TO BE DIFFERENT AND THOUGHT ABOUT HOW WE COULD BRING WHAT MICROSOFT HAS BEEN GOOD AT AND WHAT THEY ARE GOOD AT AND BRING THAT TOGETHER. /// END ACT /// THE JOINT VENTURE WILL GIVE DREAMWORKS ACCESS TO THE LATEST IN COMPUTERIZED ANIMATION TECHNOLOGY. THE USE OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IN MOTION PICTURES IS NOT NEW. STEVEN SPIELBERG NOTED THAT HE HAS USED IT IN SUCH FILMS AS "CLOSE ENCOUNTERS" AND "JURASSIC PARK." HOWEVER THE JOINT VENTURE IS EXPECTED TO ACCELERATE THE INTEGRATION OF THE LATEST COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY INTO BOTH PUBLICLY EXHIBITED FILMS AND HOME ENTERTAINMENT. (SIGNED) NY/BA/LSF/LWM 22-Mar-95 5:32 PM EST (2232 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/22/95 TYPE=TO YOUR HEALTH #227 NUMBER=3-21340 TITLE=NEW NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT TOOL TO BOOST ELDER HEALTH (L) BYLINE=VALERIE GARTSEFF TELEPHONE=619-0928 DATELINE=WASHINGTON,D.C. EDITOR=VOHS CONTENT=(INSERTS IN SOD) INTRO: WITH THE AGING POPULATION INCREASING THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, PROPER NUTRITION OF THE ELDERLY IS MORE CRITICAL THAN EVER FOR BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE. NOW RESEARCHERS HAVE DEVELOPED A QUICK, SIMPLE SCREENING TEST TO HELP HEALTH PRACTITIONERS ASSESS THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF THEIR GERIATRIC PATIENTS AND IMPROVE THEIR HEALTH. VALERIE GARTSEFF HAS A REPORT: TEXT: WITH MORE PEOPLE LIVING LONGER THAN EVER BEFORE, QUALITY-OF-LIFE AMONG THE ELDERLY POPULATION HAS BECOME A PRIMARY CONCERN. ///OPT/// PEOPLE OVER AGE 85, IN FACT, ARE THE FASTEST GROWING SEGMENT OF THE U.S. POPULATION, AND THEIR NUTRITIONAL NEEDS WILL BE MORE IMPORTANT THAN EVER. ///END OPT/// DR. IRWIN ROSENBERG, DIRECTOR OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE'S HUMAN NUTRITION RESEARCH CENTER ON AGING AT TUFTS UNIVERSITY RECENTLY SPOKE AT A WASHINGTON, D.C. CONFERENCE ON "NUTRITION RESEARCH AND THE ELDERLY." HE SAYS THAT LOSS OF FUNCTION AMONG THE ELDERLY IS NOT ITSELF A PHENOMENON OF AGING. INSTEAD, IT'S OFTEN CLOSELY RELATED TO IMPROPER BEHAVIOR, ESPECIALLY POOR DIET AND LACK OF PROPER PHYSICAL EXERCISE: TAPE: CUT ONE: ROSENBERG :13 "WE HAVE TO THEN TAKE THE MUCH MORE OPTIMISTIC VIEW THAT WE CAN INTERVENE, WE CAN INFLUENCE THOSE CHANGES BY INTERVENTIONS THAT WE KNOW TO BE EFFECTIVE." TEXT: RESEARCHERS HAVE NOW DEVELOPED A SIMPLE NUTRITIONAL TOOL TO ASSESS ELDERLY AT RISK FOR MALNUTRITION. IT IS THE FIRST EVER TO BE VALIDATED THROUGH TESTS ON OVER 600 ELDERLY IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. IT WAS DEVELOPED BY THE NESTLE RESEARCH CENTER IN LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND AND THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN TOULOUSE, FRANCE. HUGH TUCKER, OF THE CLINTEC NUTRITION COMPANY, SAYS THIS "MINI" NUTRITIONAL SCREENING TEST IS A MAJOR ADVANCE. THE TEST CONSISTS OF SIMPLE MEASUREMENTS AND A BRIEF QUESTIONNAIRE, AND CAN BE PERFORMED IN 15 MINUTES. TAPE: CUT TWO: TUCKER :38 "WE FEEL THIS KIND OF ASSESSMENT, WHICH IS REALLY VERY SIMPLE TO DO, WILL ALLOW THE IDENTIFICATION OF THESE INDIVIDUALS. ///OPT//// IN FRANCE, WE ARE BEGINNING NOW AN INTERVENTION STUDY WHICH WILL LOOK AT THE INDIVIDUALS WHO SCORE LOW ON THIS MINI-NUTRITION ASSESSESSMENT SCORING TOOL THAT PROVIDES INFORMATION IF THEY'RE AT RISK FOR MALNUTRITION OR FRANKLY MALNOURISHED. AND WITH INTERVENTION, THEN, WE CAN LOOK AT OUTCOMES AND QUANTIFY THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FEEDING OR NOT FEEDING SUPPLEMENTS TO THESE INDIVIDUALS." ///END OPT/// TEXT: POOR EATING HABITS, ILL-FITTING DENTURES, OR MEDICATIONS THAT INFLUENCE APPETITE ARE ALL REASONS WHY SOME OLDER PEOPLE MAY BECOME MALNOURISHED. ALSO ECONOMIC DEPRIVATION, LIMITED RETIREMENT INCOME, LIVING ALONE, AND HAVING NO CHILDREN OR NONE NEARBY ARE ALSO FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROPER NUTRITION AMONG OLDER PEOPLE. ///OPT/// HUGH TUCKER SAYS THE NEW "MINI" NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT CAN HELP HEALTH PRACTITIONERS MORE QUICKLY EVALUATE THE STATUS OF THEIR GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN ANY SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING: TAPE: CUT THREE: TUCKER :11 "SO IT MAKES IT APPROPRIATE FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD AS WELL AS SOME OF OUR MORE LIMITED-RESOURCED INSTITUTIONS BOTH IN EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES." ///END OPT/// TEXT: ALSO SPEAKING AT THE CONFERENCE WAS GERIATRICIAN DR. ANNE EGBERT, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. SHE APPLAUDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE "MINI" NUTRITIONAL SCREENING TEST. HAVING TREATED OVER 550 ELDERLY PATIENTS OVER THE LAST TWELVE YEARS, SHE SAYS SOME OF THEM ARE AT RISK FOR A SERIOUS HEALTH CONDITION CALLED "GERIATRIC FAILURE-TO-THRIVE" THAT CAN LEAD TO EARLY DEATH. THIS STATE OF MALNUTRITION AMONG THE ELDERLY OFTEN ACCOMPANIES OTHER HEALTH PROBLEMS, SUCH AS SERIOUS PHYSICAL DISEASE, CHRONIC PAIN, OR EMOTIONAL LOSS OR SOCIAL ISOLATION. THEN COMES THE GRADUAL LOSS OF ABILITY TO CARE FOR ONE'S SELF. DR. EGBERT SAYS IMPROPER NUTRITION IS A KEY FACTOR INVOLVED IN THIS CONDITION: TAPE: CUT FOUR: EGBERT :21 "FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN ONE DOES NOT EAT PROPERLY, ONE CAN BECOME DEPRESSED ON A PHYSICAL BASIS. IN THE SAME WAY, ONE CAN BECOME DEMENTED OR INTELLECTUALLY CONFUSED FROM FAILURE TO EAT PROPER NUTRIENTS. ON THE OTHER HAND, IT'S KNOWN THAT DEMENTED ELDERS OFTEN FAIL TO EAT PROPERLY BECAUSE THEY DON'T FEEL LIKE EATING OR THEY DON'T WANT TO EAT." TEXT: BUT WITH PROPER INTERVENTION, SUCH AS THE "MINI" NUTRITIONAL SCREENING TEST, GERIATRIC SPECIALIST ANNE EGBERT INSISTS THIS DOWNWARD SPIRAL TO DEATH CAN BE INTERRUPTED. SHE ADVISES ANYONE WITH AN ELDERLY FRIEND OR RELATIVE TO HAVE THAT PERSON CHECKED BY A PHYSICIAN SPECIALIZING IN GERIATRICS, AS WELL AS A NUTRITIONIST AND A SOCIAL WORKER TO ASSESS THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THEIR HEALTH PROBLEM. HOPEFULLY, WHATEVER IS CAUSING AN ELDERLY RELATIVE TO DWINDLE OR FADE AWAY CAN BE TREATED BEFORE THEY FADE AWAY TO DEATH. 22-Mar-95 4:49 PM EST (2149 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.90 usisbel, 23 Mar 95

DATE=3-23-95 TYPE=SPECIAL ENGLISH FEATURE NUMBER=7-17043 TITLE=SPECIAL ENGLISH SCIENCE REPORT - WESTINGHOUSE SCIENCE WINNERS BYLINE=NANCY STEINBACH TELEPHONE=619-2585 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=MARILYN CHRISTIANO CONTENT= THIS IS ________________ WITH THE SPECIAL ENGLISH SCIENCE REPORT. A STUDY OF A CANCER CELL WON FIRST PRIZE IN THE YEARLY WESTINGHOUSE SCIENCE TALENT SEARCH. A SEVENTEEN-YEAR-OLD AMERICAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT, IRENE ANNE CHEN OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, WON THE TOP AWARD OF FORTY-THOUSAND DOLLARS. SHE EXAMINED TWO GENES FROM A LYMPHOMA CANCER CELL. SHE STUDIED HOW THEY ARE INVOLVED IN THE SPREAD OF CANCER. THE WESTINGHOUSE SCIENCE COMPETITION IS THE OLDEST EFFORT IN THE UNITED STATES TO HONOR WORK IN SCIENCE. THE WINNERS RECEIVE MONEY FOR A UNIVERSITY EDUCATION. THIS YEAR, MORE THAN ONE-THOUSAND-SIX-HUNDRED STUDENTS ENTERED THE COMPETITION. FORTY WERE INVITED TO WASHINGTON, D.C. FOR THE FINAL JUDGING. THE TEN JUDGES WERE WELL-KNOWN SCIENTISTS. THEY LOOKED FOR CREATIVITY IN THE PROJECTS. THEY ALSO QUESTIONED THE STUDENTS ABOUT ALL KINDS OF SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS BEFORE DECIDING ON THE TEN WINNERS. THE SECOND PLACE WINNER IS SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD TRACY CAROLINE PHILLIPS FROM LONG BEACH, NEW YORK. SHE WON THIRTY-THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR DEVELOPING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR PEOPLE WHO CANNOT SEE. THE DEVICE HELPS BLIND PEOPLE TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PAPER MONEY OF DIFFERENT AMOUNTS. THE THIRD PLACE WINNER WON TWENTY-THOUSAND DOLLARS. HE IS MARTIN TIBOR STIASZNY OF OVERLAND PARK, KANSAS. HIS CHEMISTRY PROJECT COMPARED TWO KINDS OF MOLECULES TO SEE IF THEY CAN BE USED MORE EFFECTIVELY IN DESIGNING DRUGS. THIS YEAR, FOR THE FIRST TIME, THE WESTINGHOUSE COMPETITION PRESENTED AN AWARD FOR THE PROJECT OF A STUDENT WHO HAD DIED. SOO YEUN KIM OF BROOKVILLE, NEW YORK WAS KILLED IN A CAR ACCIDENT IN NOVEMBER. HER FRIENDS COMPLETED HER PROJECT AND ENTERED IT IN THE COMPETITION. THE WESTINGHOUSE JUDGES CHOSE IT AS A FINALIST WITHOUT KNOWING SHE HAD DIED. AT THE AWARD CEREMONY, THEY PRESENTED FIVE-THOUSAND DOLLARS TO THE HIGH SCHOOL SHE ATTENDED. THE WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC COMPANY BEGAN ITS SCIENCE COMPETITION FIFTY-FOUR YEARS AGO. IT WANTED TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS INTERESTED IN SCIENCE. MORE THAN NINETY-FIVE PERCENT OF ITS WINNERS HAVE COMPLETED UNIVERSITY STUDIES IN SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS OR ENGINEERING. FIVE WINNERS OF THE WESTINGHOUSE SCIENCE COMPETITION LATER RECEIVED THE NOBEL PRIZE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. THIS SCIENCE REPORT WAS WRITTEN BY NANCY STEINBACH. THIS IS _____________. 22-Mar-95 4:33 PM EST (2133 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175942 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (S) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN ARMY HAS MADE TERRITORIAL GAINS AND MAY HAVE CAPTURED AN IMPORTANT SERB COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY DURING AN OFFENSIVE IN NORTHERN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: THE UNITED NATIONS MILITARY COMMAND IN SARAJEVO SAYS THE MUSLIMS APPEAR TO HAVE ADVANCED TWO OR THREE KILOMETERS INTO SERB-HELD TERRITORY IN FIGHTING NEAR THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN OF TUZLA. THE COMMAND SAYS THE MUSLIMS MAY HAVE CAPTURED AN IMPORTANT SERB COMMUNICATIONS TOWER ON MOUNT STOLICE. THE TOWER IS USED TO RELAY TELEVISION BROADCASTS AND TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS AND IS BELIEVED VITAL TO SERB MILITARY COMMAND AND CONTROL OPERATIONS. BOSNIAN SERB LEADER RADOVAN KARADZIC HAS WARNED THAT THE SERBS WILL LAUNCH A MAJOR COUNTER-OFFENSIVE IF THE BOSNIAN ARMY DOES NOT STOP ITS OFFENSIVE IN NORTHERN BOSNIA. A U-N MILITARY SPOKESMAN SAYS THE MUSLIM OFFENSIVE IS MORE THAN A VIOLATION OF THE OFFICIAL CEASE-FIRE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. HE SAYS IT IS ALL-OUT COMBAT. MORE FIERCE FIGHTING IS ALSO REPORTED IN THE MUSLIM ENCLAVE OF BIHAC IN NORTHWESTERN BOSNIA. SARAJEVO RADIO REPORTS THAT THE LATEST SERB AND MUSLIM REBEL ATTACKS ON GOVERNMENT FORCES IN THAT AREA HAVE BEEN BEATEN BACK. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/SKH/MMK 23-Mar-95 8:57 AM EST (1357 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1501 total bytes, 1501 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175945 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (L) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN ARMY HAS MADE SOME TERRITORIAL GAINS AND MAY HAVE CAPTURED A STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE IN ITS NEW OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE BOSNIAN SERBS. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: A UNITED NATIONS MILITARY SPOKESMAN IN SARAJEVO SAYS THE BOSNIAN ARMY HAS PUSHED TWO OR THREE KILOMETERS INTO SERB-HELD TERRITORY DURING INTENSE FIGHTING IN MOUNTAINS NEAR THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN OF TUZLA. THE SPOKESMAN SAYS GOVERNMENT FORCES MAY HAVE CAPTURED A SERB COMMUNICATIONS TOWER. THE FACILITY RELAYS TELEVISION BROADCASTS AND TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS AND IS CONSIDERED VITAL TO THE SERBS' MILITARY COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM. BESIDES TRYING TO CAPTURE THE COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY, THE BOSNIAN ARMY IS BELIEVING TRYING TO PUSH SERB ARTILLERY OUT OF SHELLING RANGE OF TUZLA AND THE TOWN'S AIRPORT. THE MUSLIM OFFENSIVE HAS CONTINUED DESPITE A HEAVY, EARLY SPRING SNOWFALL THAT WOULD HAVE AFFECTED THE ADVANCE OF GOVERNMENT TROOPS. THE SERBS DENY GIVING UP ANY GROUND IN NORTHEASTERN BOSNIA. BUT, THEY HAVE WARNED THAT THEY WILL LAUNCH A MASSIVE COUNTER-OFFENSIVE IF GOVERNMENT TROOPS DO NOT STOP THEIR ATTACKS AROUND TUZLA. LAST YEAR, GOVERNMENT TROOPS SEIZED A LARGE AMOUNT OF TERRITORY WHEN THEY LAUNCHED AN UNPRECEDENTED OFFENSIVE FROM WITHIN THE MUSLIM ENCLAVE OF BIHAC. BUT, THE SERBS REGROUPED, RESUPPLIED AND REINFORCED THEIR TROOPS AND LAUNCHED A COUNTER-OFFENSIVE. GOVERNMENT GAINS WERE WIPED OUT, AND SERB-BACKED MUSLIM REBELS RETOOK THEIR STRONGHOLD IN ONE PART OF THE BIHAC ENCLAVE. DESPITE THE CURRENT FIGHTING IN NORTHERN BOSNIA, THE UNITED NATIONS PLANS TO RESUME THE SARAJEVO AIRLIFT ON FRIDAY AFTER A NEARLY TWO-WEEK-LONG SUSPENSION. THE SERBS HAVE GIVEN VERBAL ASSURANCES THAT THEY WILL NOT SHOOT AT ANY MORE RELIEF FLIGHTS. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/MH/MMK 23-Mar-95 10:49 AM EST (1549 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 2059 total bytes, 2059 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3-24-95 TYPE=SPECIAL ENGLISH FEATURE NUMBER=7-17048 TITLE=SPECIAL ENGLISH AMERICAN MOSAIC #501-OSCAR NOMINATED SONGS BYLINE=NANCY STEINBACH TELEPHONE=619-2585 DATELINE=WASHINGTON EDITOR=MARILYN CHRISTIANO CONTENT= HOST: MANY MOTION PICTURE ARTISTS WILL BE HONORED MONDAY, MARCH TWENTY-SEVENTH. THAT IS WHEN THE AMERICAN FILM INDUSTRY PRESENTS ITS YEARLY AWARDS, THE "OSCARS." THE INDUSTRY WILL HONOR THE BEST ACTORS, DIRECTORS, TECHNICAL EXPERTS AND SONGWRITERS WHO HELPED MAKE MOVIES IN NINETEEN-NINETY-FOUR. __________ TELLS US ABOUT THE NOMINATIONS FOR BEST SONG. ANNCR: FIVE SONGS ARE NOMINATED AS BEST SONG WRITTEN FOR A MOVIE. THREE ARE FROM THE CARTOON FILM, "THE LION KING." ONE IS CALLED "HAKUNA MATATA." ANOTHER IS "CAN YOU FEEL THE LOVE TONIGHT?" THE THIRD IS THIS ONE, "CIRCLE OF LIFE": ((CUT 1: CIRCLE OF LIFE)) ANOTHER SONG NOMINATED FOR AN OSCAR THIS YEAR IS FROM THE MOVIE "JUNIOR." IT IS CALLED "LOOK WHAT LOVE HAS DONE": ((CUT 2: LOOK WHAT LOVE HAS DONE)) ALSO NOMINATED FOR AN OSCAR THIS YEAR IS A SONG FROM THE MOVIE "THE PAPER." WE LEAVE YOU NOW WITH THAT SONG, "MAKE UP YOUR MIND": ((CUT 3: MAKE UP YOUR MIND)) 23-Mar-95 3:50 PM EST (2050 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1265 total bytes, 1265 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175931 TITLE=CHRISTOPHER-KOZYREV OPENER (S) BYLINE=RON PEMSTEIN DATELINE=GENEVA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER AND RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV HAVE OPENED THE SECOND DAY OF THEIR GENEVA TALKS DESIGNED TO PREPARE THE MOSCOW SUMMIT MEETING BETWEEN THEIR PRESIDENTS NEXT MAY. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM GENEVA, THE RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER IS PLAYING DOWN THEIR DIFFERENCES. TEXT: AS THEY OPENED THURSDAY'S MEETING AT THE RUSSIAN MISSION HERE, FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV TOLD REPORTERS THAT THE BATTLE IN CHECHNYA IS NOT A PROBLEM ON THE ROAD TO HALIFAX. THAT IS A REFERENCE TO SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER'S REJECTION OF AN EXPANDED ROLE FOR RUSSIA AT NEXT JUNE'S GROUP-OF-SEVEN ECONOMIC SUMMIT MEETING IN HALIFAX, CANADA. ACCORDING TO AMERICAN OFFICIALS, MR. KOZYREV ASKED FOR A LARGER ROLE FOR PRESIDENT YELTSIN IN HALIFAX AT LAST NIGHT'S DINNER AND MR. CHRISTOPHER REPLIED THAT IS NOT POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF THE RUSSIAN MILITARY OFFENSIVE IN CHECHNYA. FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV ALSO SAYS THE RUSSIAN SALE OF NUCLEAR REACTORS TO IRAN IS NOT A PROBLEM BECAUSE IRAN IS A SIGNATORY TO THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY AND ALLOWS INSPECTIONS BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER CONTENDS IRAN IS AN OUTLAW STATE THAT CANNOT BE TRUSTED WITH NUCLEAR MATERIAL. U-S OFFICIALS SAY RUSSIA IS IN IRAN'S NEIGHBORHOOD AND WILL BE THE FIRST TO REGRET GIVING IRAN A NUCLEAR POTENTIAL. AT THE SAME TIME, THE OFFICIALS SAY A DISPUTE OVER RUSSIA'S CONVENTIONAL ARMS SALES TO IRAN SHOULD BE RESOLVED BY THE TIME PRESIDENT CLINTON ARRIVES IN MOSCOW NEXT MAY. (SIGNED) NEB / DM / SKH 23-Mar-95 5:07 AM EST (1007 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175952 TITLE=CHRISTOPHER/KOZYREV (L) BYLINE=DOUGLAS ROBERTS DATELINE=GENEVA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER AND RUSSIA'S FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV HAVE CONCLUDED TWO DAYS OF TALKS IN GENEVA, AS PART OF PREPARATIONS FOR NEXT MAY'S RUSSIAN-AMERICAN SUMMIT MEETING IN MOSCOW. THERE WERE NO MAJOR ANNOUNCEMENTS AFTER THE TALKS. BUT AS WE HEAR FROM V-O-A'S DOUGLAS ROBERTS IN GENEVA, IT WAS CLEAR THAT THE TWO SIDES CONTINUE TO DIFFER ON SOME KEY ISSUES. TEXT: SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER SAID THE MAIN TASK OF THE MEETING HERE WAS TO SET THE AGENDA FOR THE UPCOMING MOSCOW SUMMIT. HE REPORTED A GOOD AND THOROUGH EXCHANGE ON A WIDE RANGE OF ISSUES, BUT SAID MUCH WORK REMAINS TO BE DONE TO ENSURE THE SUCCESS OF THE MOSCOW MEETING. BOTH MR. CHRISTOPHER AND FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV ACKNOWLEDGED THEIR CONTINUING DIFFERENCES ON ISSUES LIKE THE EXPANSION OF THE NATO ALLIANCE, THE WAR IN CHECHNYA AND MOSCOW'S PLAN TO SELL NUCLEAR REACTORS TO IRAN. THERE WAS NO PUBLIC HINT OF PROGRESS ON ANY OF THOSE ISSUES, BUT BOTH MEN STRESSED THEIR DETERMINATION TO DEAL WITH THE PROBLEMS IN A COOPERATIVE RATHER THAN CONFRONTATIONAL MANNER. IN RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS, MR. KOZYREV ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THE HONEYMOON IN U-S RUSSIAN RELATIONS THAT FOLLOWED THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION IS OVER. IT DID NOT END IN DIVORCE, HE SAID, BUT RATHER IN A GROWING ABILITY TO JOINTLY RESOLVE PROBLEMS. SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER MADE A SIMILAR COMMENT. ///CHRISTOPHER ACT/// BOTH OF US UNDERSTAND THE STAKE THAT OUR COUNTRIES AND THE WHOLE WORLD HAVE IN SEEING THAT THE U-S / RUSSIAN RELATIONSHIP REMAINS A CONSTRUCTIVE ONE. AS I HAVE SAID REPEATEDLY, THIS IS A COMPLEX, MULTI-FACETED RELATIONSHIP. IT INCLUDES IMPORTANT AREAS OF COOPERATION AS WELL AS AREAS IN WHICH THERE ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN US. WHERE THERE ARE DIFFERENCES, WE ARE DETERMINED TO ADDRESS THEM DIRECTLY AND CANDIDLY. ///END ACT/// MR. CHRISTOPHER SAID THE SUMMIT AGENDA WILL INCLUDE EUROPEAN SECURITY, ARMS CONTROL, THE CHECHEN CONFLICT, THE MIDDLE EAST PEACE PROCESS AND IRAN'S NUCLEAR AMBITIONS. HE SAID PRESIDENTS CLINTON AND YELTSIN WILL ALSO DISCUSS THE ONGOING CRISIS IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV SAID HE PRESENTED SOME NEW IDEAS ON THE BALKAN CONFLICT DURING THURSDAY'S TALKS HERE, ADDING THAT HE WAS ENCOURAGED BY SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER'S RESPONSE. HE DID NOT ELABORATE. BUT A SENIOR U-S OFFICIAL, BRIEFING REPORTERS AFTER THE MEETING, SAID THERE WAS NOTHING NEW IN THE RUSSIAN PROPOSALS. A U-S NEWSPAPER REPORT (WASHINGTON TIMES) SAYS MOSCOW HAS PERSUADED THE SERBIAN GOVERNMENT TO ENDORSE A PEACE PLAN THAT INCLUDES SERBIAN RECOGNITION OF BOTH BOSNIA AND CROATIA IN EXCHANGE FOR AN END TO THE CRIPPLING U-N ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST BELGRADE. AT THURSDAY'S NEWS CONFERENCE HERE, MR. KOZYREV DID NOT CONFIRM THAT REPORT, BUT SAID NEW RUSSIAN IDEAS FOR A SETTLEMENT WILL BE DISCUSSED AT AN UPCOMING MEETING OF THE FIVE POWER CONTACT GROUP ON BOSNIA. (SIGNED) NEB/DBR/MH/MMK 23-Mar-95 12:33 PM EST (1733 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 3295 total bytes, 3295 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/22/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175920 TITLE=CHRISTOPHER/ KOZYREV O'NITER (S) BYLINE=RON PEMSTEIN DATELINE=GENEVA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER AND RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV HAVE OPENED TWO DAYS OF TALKS DESIGNED TO PREPARE THE MAY 9TH MOSCOW SUMMIT MEETING BETWEEN PRESIDENT CLINTON AND BORIS YELTSIN. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM GENEVA, MR. CHRISTOPHER IS WARNING MR. KOZYREV RUSSIA'S INTERNATIONAL STANDING IS IN DANGER. TEXT: AT A DINNER MEETING WITH FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV, SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER TOLD HIM AN EXPANDED ROLE FOR RUSSIA IN THE GROUP OF SEVEN SUMMIT MEETING IS NOT POSSIBLE IF THE CONFLICT IN CHECHNYA CONTINUES. THE SECRETARY OF STATE TOLD REPORTERS BEFORE THE DINNER, WORLD OPINION WILL NOT PERMIT A WIDER INTERNATIONAL ROLE FOR RUSSIA. /// CHRISTOPHER ACT /// I THINK THE EVOLVEMENT OF THEIR PARTICIPATION IN THE G-7 WILL BE AFFECTED BY WORLD OPINION AND WORLD JUDGMENT AND WORLD AS A WHOLE MAKES ABOUT THEIR CONDUCT. /// END ACT /// A SENIOR U-S OFFICIAL SAYS RUSSIA WILL NOT BE DOWNGRADED AT THE NEXT SUMMIT MEETING OF THE WORLD'S SEVEN ECONOMIC POWERS IN JUNE IN CANADA. AT THE SAME TIME, THE OFFICIAL SAYS A REVERSAL OF ECONOMIC REFORM EFFORTS OR A CONTINUATION OF THE WAR IN CHECHNYA WILL PUT RUSSIA'S INTERNATIONAL STANDING INTO QUESTION. THE SECRETARY OF STATE CALLS RUSSIA'S MILITARY OFFENSIVE IN CHECHNYA A SERIOUS ERROR AND QUITE FOOLHARDY. MR. CHRISTOPHER SAYS IT IS IN RUSSIA'S INTEREST TO END THE WAR AS WELL AS TO STOP THE SALE OF NUCLEAR REACTORS TO IRAN. (SIGNED) NEB/RP/BD/LWM 22-Mar-95 8:09 PM EST (0109 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1771 total bytes, 1771 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175944 TITLE=CHRISTOPHER-KOZYREV UPDATE (S) BYLINE=RON PEMSTEIN DATELINE=GENEVA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER AND RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV HAVE ENDED TWO DAYS OF TALKS IN GENEVA DESIGNED TO PREPARE NEXT MAY'S U-S / RUSSIAN SUMMIT MEETING IN MOSCOW. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM GENEVA THEY MANAGED TO PUT THEIR DIFFERENCES IN THE BACKGROUND. TEXT: RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV AGREES THE HONEYMOON IS OVER BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA BUT THAT DOES NOT MEAN THE MARRIAGE IS FINISHED. SPEAKING THROUGH AN INTERPRETER, HE TELLS REPORTERS THE RELATIONSHIP IS MATURE. // KOZYREV W/ INTERPRETER ACT // A SOBERING PERIOD IN THE WAKE OF THE HONEYMOON ENDED NOT IN DIVORCE BUT RATHER IN A GROWING ABILITY TO RESOLVE JOINTLY PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE. SOMETHING THAT WE WON'T ALLOW TO HAPPEN IS UNFAITHFULNESS. // END ACT // THE RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER AND THE SECRETARY OF STATE AGREED TO SET UP A WORKING GROUP TO TRY TO RESOLVE A DISAGREEMENT ABOUT THE PROPOSED SALE OF RUSSIAN LIGHT WATER REACTORS TO IRAN. MR. KOZYREV SAYS RUSSIA BELIEVES IRAN IS IN CONFORMITY WITH THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY BUT HE SAYS THE ISSUE WILL BE DISCUSSED COOPERATIVELY WITH THE UNITED STATES. SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER SAYS HE GAVE MR. KOZYREV AMERICAN INFORMATION ABOUT IRAN'S NUCLEAR WEAPONS AMBITIONS. FEW OF THE U-S / RUSSIAN DISGAGREEMENTS ABOUT IRAN, CHECHNYA AND NATO ARE EXPECTED TO BE RESOLVED BEFORE PRESIDENT CLINTON VISITS MOSCOW NEXT MAY. (SIGNED) NEB/RP/CF 23-Mar-95 10:40 AM EST (1540 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1760 total bytes, 1760 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

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DATE=3/22/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-175921 TITLE=CHRISTOPHER / KOZYREV OVERNIGHTER (L) BYLINE=RON PEMSTEIN DATELINE=GENEVA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER HAS OPENED TWO DAYS OF TALKS WITH RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ANDREI KOZYREV IN GENEVA DESIGNED TO PREPARE THE AGENDA FOR THE MAY 9TH SUMMIT MEETING BETWEEN PRESIDENTS CLINTON AND YELTSIN. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM GENEVA, THE UNITED STATES IS TRYING TO SHOW RUSSIA THE COSTS OF THE CONTINUING CONFLICT IN CHECHNYA. TEXT: THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA CONTINUE THEIR REVIEW OF ISSUES TODAY BUT SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER HAS ALREADY TOLD ANDREI KOZYREV AT A DINNER MEETING AN EXPANDED ROLE FOR RUSSIA IN THE GROUP OF SEVEN IS NOT POSSIBLE SO LONG AS RUSSIAN TROOPS ARE FIGHTING IN CHECHNYA. MR. KOZYREV HAD ASKED FOR THE EXPANDED ROLE FOR PRESIDENT YELTSIN AT THE MEETING NEXT JUNE IN HALIFAX, CANADA. A U-S OFFICIAL BRIEFING REPORTERS SAYS MR. CHRISTOPHER INDICATED AN EXPANDED ROLE FOR RUSSIA IS TOO MUCH FOR THE MARKET TO BEAR. SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER TOLD REPORTERS, RUSSIA WILL PAY A PRICE IN ITS WORLD STANDING BECAUSE OF ITS FOUR-MONTH OLD OFFENSIVE IN CHECHNYA. /// CHRISTOPHER ACT /// THE CONTINUATION OF THE SITUATION THERE AND THE ESCALATION IN THE LAST COUPLE OF DAYS IS A SERIOUS ERROR AND IS QUITE FOOLHARDY AND I'M URGING THEM, URGING KOZYREV TO FOLLOW THROUGH ON THEIR COMMITMENT TO ACCEPT A PERMANENT O-S-C-E MISSION AND TO DO EVERYTHING THEY CAN TO END THE CARNAGE AND TO FACILITATE A POLITICAL SOLUTION. AS I HAVE SAID SEVERAL TIMES, THE RUSSIANS ARE PAYING A VERY HIGH PRICE INTERNATIONALLY, THEY ARE CERTAINLY PAYING A HIGH PRICE IN THEIR REPUTATION IN THE UNITED STATES. /// END ACT /// THE SECRETARY OF STATE, MEETING WITH REPORTERS HERE, SAYS DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES HAVE TO BE MANAGED AND THE OVERALL RELATIONSHIP SHOULD NOT BE HELD HOSTAGE TO ONE ISSUE. AT THE SAME TIME, HE MADE CLEAR TO MR. KOZYREV IT IS IN RUSSIA'S INTEREST TO COOPERATE WITH NATO AND TO STOP THE SALE OF NUCLEAR REACTORS TO IRAN. FOREIGN MINISTER KOZYREV HAS COMPLAINED ABOUT WHAT HE CALLS, "ARTIFICIAL LINKAGES" BETWEEN CHECHNYA OR THE REACTOR SALE AND RELATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES. MR. CHRISTOPHER BELIEVES THE NUCLEAR THREAT OF IRAN SHOULD BE OF MORE CONCERN TO RUSSIA THAN THE UNITED STATES BECAUSE OF GEOGRAPHY. ANOTHER U-S OFFICIAL SAYS RUSSIA MAY RUE THE DAY IT EVER SOLD NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY TO IRAN. IN THREE-HOUR DINNER MEETING, THE TWO MINISTERS SPENT THE MAJORITY OF TIME DISCUSSING RUSSIA'S RELATIONS WITH NATO. RUSSIA HAS SLOWED THE PROCESS BECAUSE OF ANGER ABOUT THE ALLIANCE'S PLAN TO STUDY EARLY MEMBERSHIP FOR FORMER SOVIET ALLIES, BUT NOT RUSSIA. THE UNITED STATES FEELS A PARALLEL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RUSSIA AND NATO WILL HELP BOTH SIDES. THIS MEETING IS THE FIRST TO ARRANGE PRESIDENT CLINTON'S MAY 9TH VISIT TO MOSCOW. ANOTHER MINISTERIAL MEETING IS LIKELY TO TAKE PLACE NEXT MONTH IN NEW YORK AT THE CONFERENCE TO EXTEND THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY. THE PRESIDENT'S VISIT IS TO MARK THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE VICTORY IN EUROPE. THE MINISTERIAL MEETINGS ARE DESIGNED TO MANAGE SOME TOUGH DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA IN ADVANCE OF THE SUMMIT. (SIGNED) NEB/RP/BD/LWM 22-Mar-95 8:09 PM EST (0109 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

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DATE=3/23/95 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-19990 TITLE=OSCAR PREVIEW:BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM BYLINE=ALAN SILVERMAN DATELINE=LOS ANGELES CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: HOLLYWOOD'S BIGGEST EVENT OF THE YEAR ARRIVES MONDAY [3/27] WHEN THE AMERICAN MOTION PICTURE ACADEMY HONORS FILM ACHIEVEMENT WITH THE 67TH ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS. EACH YEAR, FILM COMMITTEES IN COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT ENTRIES FOR BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM. THIS YEAR, THE NOMINEES INCLUDE TWO FIRST-EVER ENTRIES (MACEDONIA AND CUBA), A PAIR OF COUNTRIES WITH THEIR SECOND OSCAR-CONTENDERS (RUSSIA AND TAIWAN) AND THE FOURTH NOMINATION FROM BELGIUM. VOA'S ALAN SILVERMAN HAS THE LOOK AT THE CONTENDERS FOR THE BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM ACADEMY AWARD: TEXT: TAIWAN FILM-MAKER ANG LEE IS IN THE OSCAR RACE FOR THE SECOND YEAR IN A ROW. IN 1994, IT WAS "THE WEDDING BANQUET." THIS YEAR, IT'S HIS LATEST HUMOROUS LOOK AT LOVE AND FAMILY LIFE: "EAT, DRINK, MAN, WOMAN:" /// OPT /// /// "EAT, DRINK, MAN, WOMAN" ACTUALITY /// (CHINESE/NO TRANSLATION) "THE MENU?..." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// DIRECTOR AND CO-WRITER LEE EXPLAINS THE TITLE AS THE BASIC NEEDS OF ALL PEOPLE -- FOOD AND SEX -- INTERTWINED IN THE STORY OF A REVERED MASTER CHEF WHO COOKS UP THE MOST LAVISH BANQUETS WITH EASE: /// OPT /// /// "EAT, DRINK, MAN, WOMAN" ACTUALITY /// (CHINESE/NO TRANSLATION) "IT'S OKAY. THE LAST FOUR COURSES ARE STEWS .. NOW WE'LL MAKE THE WHOLE SHARK FIN." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// BUT WHO FINDS IT FAR TRICKIER [MORE DIFFICULT] TO COOK UP ROMANCE FOR HIS THREE DAUGHTERS. FILMED ON LOCATION IN TAIWAN, "EAT, DRINK, MAN, WOMAN" WAS NAMED BEST PICTURE AT THE ASIA-PACIFIC FILM FESTIVAL AND IS THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE PICK OF CRITICS IN THE AMERICAN NATIONAL BOARD OF REVIEW. MUSIC AND LOVE MIX, DRAMATICALLY, IN THE BELGIAN OSCAR ENTRY: /// "FARINELLI" ACTUALITY /// "FARINELLI!! FARINELLI!!.." /// END ACTUALITY /// "FARINELLI: IL CASTRATO" IS BASED ON THE TRUE STORY OF 18TH-CENTURY COMPOSER RICCARDO BROSCHI [BROH'-SKI] AND HIS BROTHER CARLO, A GIFTED SINGER; THEY SHARE LOVE OF MUSIC AND THEIR LOVERS: /// OPT /// /// "FARINELLI" ACTUALITY /// (FRENCH) "THEY SAY THE BROSCHI BROTHERS SHARE EVERYTHING, INCLUDING THEIR CONQUESTS." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// CASTRATED AT AGE TEN, CARLO IS BLESSED WITH A PHENOMENAL OPERATIC VOICE ... AND IT IS HIS SACRIFICE FOR THE SAKE OF ART THAT INTRIGUED DIRECTOR AND CO-WRITER GERARD CORBIAU: /// CORBIAU ACTUALITY (IN TRANSLATION) /// (FRENCH) WHAT WAS PARTICULARLY INTERESTING IN THE CASTRATO IS THAT HE WAS TOTALLY SACRIFICED TO MUSIC. IN FACT, HE IS NO LONGER A MAN, HE IS ONLY A MUSICIAN ... ONLY MUSIC. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// "FARINELLI" MUSIC /// USING COMPUTER EDITING, THE FILM-MAKER COMBINED TWO SINGING VOICES /// OPT /// -- DEREK LEE RAGIN AND EVA GOLDLEWSKA -- /// END OPT /// TO RE-CREATE THE CASTRATO'S REMARKABLE THREE-AND-ONE-HALF OCTAVE RANGE. "FARINELLI: IL CASTRATO" WON A GOLDEN GLOBE FROM THE HOLLYWOOD FOREIGN PRESS ASSOCIATION; IT IS BELGIUM'S FOURTH FOREIGN LANGUAGE OSCAR NOMINATION AND THE SECOND TIME FOR DIRECTOR CORBIAU, NOMINATED IN 1988 FOR "THE MUSIC TEACHER." AN UNSENTIMENTAL LOOK AT THE STALINIST ERA GIVES RUSSIA ITS SECOND OSCAR NOMINATION SINCE THE END OF THE SOVIET UNION, "BURNT BY THE SUN:" /// OPT /// /// "BURNT BY THE SUN" MUSIC /// DIRECTOR NIKITA MIKHALKOV CO-WROTE AND STARS IN THE STORY OF SERGUEI PETROVITCH KOTOV ON A LONG SUMMER DAY IN 1936 WHEN THIS AGING MILITARY HERO ENDS UP BURNT BY -- A VICTIM OF -- STALIN, THE ARTIFICIAL "SUN" THAT HE AND HIS FELLOW BOLSHEVIKS HELPED CREATE: /// OPT /// /// "BURNT BY THE SUN" ACTUALITY /// (RUSSIAN/NO TRANSLATION) "WE ARE BUILDING UP SOVIET POWER SO THAT ALL THEIR LIVES PEOPLE WILL HAVE FEET LIKE YOURS TO RUN WITHOUT HAVING TO FLEE." /// END ACTUALITY /// PUTTING THE TRAGEDY OF THAT ERA IN HUMAN TERMS IS IMPORTANT, SAYS THE FILM-MAKER, BECAUSE "HISTORY TEACHES US THAT NOBODY LEARNED ANYTHING:" /// OPT /// /// MIKHALKOV ACTUALITY (RUSSIAN) /// WITH, AS HE MODESTLY PUTS IT, "MY WEAK VOICE," NIKITA MIKHALKOV SAYS HE'S TRYING TO REMIND A NEW GENERATION "IT'S IMPORTANT TO LOOK BACK." "BURNT BY THE SUN" WAS THE GRAND JURY PRIZE WINNER AT LAST YEAR'S CANNES FILM FESTIVAL AND IT'S THE THIRD FOREIGN LANGUAGE OSCAR NOMINATION FOR THE DIRECTOR/WRITER/STAR. THE MODERN-DAY BALKAN CONFLICT PROVIDES THE SETTING .. AND THE DRAMA .. IN THE FIRST-EVER OSCAR NOMINEE FROM MACEDONIA: "BEFORE THE RAIN:" /// OPT /// /// "BEFORE THE RAIN" ACTUALITY /// (MACEDONIAN/NO TRANSLATION) "I'LL SHOOT" "YOU'LL HURT YOURSELF" /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// AMERICAN-EDUCATED WRITER/DIRECTOR MILCHO MANCHEVSKI RETURNED TO HIS NATIVE MACEDONIA FOR THIS FICTITIOUS TALE OF THE ALL-TOO REAL HORRORS OF WAR AS SEEN THROUGH THE EYES OF A YOUNG NOVICE MONK WHO TRIES TO HELP A MOSLEM GIRL ... A PHOTOJOURNALIST WHOSE IMAGES OF ATROCITIES EARN PRIZES, BUT WHO YEARNS FOR PEACE ... AND THE LONDON PHOTO-EDITOR WHO TRIES TO UNDERSTAND WHAT SHE SEES IN HIM AND HIS PICTURES. "BEFORE THE RAIN," EXPLAINS THE FILM-MAKER, ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN: /// MANCHEVSKI ACTUALITY /// THE RAIN CAN MEAN TWO THINGS; IN EITHER CASE, IT MEANS THE BEGINNING OF SOMETHING NEW .. BUT THAT COULD BE TRAGIC AND DEADLY OR IT COULD BE CLEANSING AND SOMETHING THAT BRINGS RE-BIRTH. THE RAIN IN THE TITLE AND THE FEELING OF WAITING FOR THE RAIN THAT PERVADES THE FILM COULD MEAN EITHER ONE OR BOTH. /// END ACTUALITY /// /// OPT /// /// "BEFORE THE RAIN" ACTUALITY /// (MACEDONIAN/NO TRANSLATION) "THEY WON'T START SHOOTING HERE. PEOPLE ARE PEACEFUL." "THEY USED TO SAY THAT ABOUT BOSNIA AND NOW THE WORLD IS WATCHING A CIRCUS." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// "BEFORE THE RAIN," THE FIRST FEATURE FILM BY MILCHO MANCHEVSKI, WON THE CANNES FILM FESTIVAL GOLDEN LION AWARD. A SOMETIMES-HILARIOUS, SOMETIMES GRIM, SOMETIMES SHOCKING COMEDY GIVES CUBA ITS FIRST-EVER OSCAR NOMINATION: "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE:" /// OPT /// /// "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE" ACTUALITY /// (SPANISH/NO TRANSLATION) "IT'S MY LUCKY DAY. I'M FINDING WONDERFUL THINGS." /// END ACTUALITY /// THE FILM DIRECTED BY TOMAS GUTIERREZ ALEA AND JUAN CARLOS TABIO IS BASED ON A SENEL PAZ SHORT STORY -- "THE WOLF, THE FOREST AND THE NEW MAN" -- AND TELLS THE STORY OF THE UNLIKELY FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN A NAIVE COLLEGE STUDENT RAISED BY THE HAVANA GOVERNMENT'S IDEOLOGICAL LINE AND A GAY [HOMOSEXUAL] ART CURATOR WHO GETS HIM TO QUESTION THOSE BELIEFS: /// OPT /// /// "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE" ACTUALITY /// (SPANISH/NO TRANSLATION) "WHAT DO YOU BELIEVE IN?" "CUBA." "SO DO I .. SO THAT PEOPLE KNOW WHAT'S GOOD ABOUT IT. I DON'T WANT AMERICANS OR ANYBODY COMING HERE TELLING US WHAT TO DO." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// WITH ITS BITING COMMENTARY ON LIFE IN SOCIALIST CUBA, "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE" HAS BECOME THE SUBJECT OF CONTROVERSY: IS IT A SIGN OF NEW FREEDOM? OR IS IT CAREFULLY-CRAFTED PROPAGANDA, APPROVED BY THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT: /// OPT /// /// "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE" ACTUALITY /// (SPANISH/NO TRANSLATION) "ART MAKES YOU FEEL AND THINK. ART DOES N-O-T TRANSMIT. THE GOVERNMENT RADIO DOES THAT." /// END ACTUALITY /// /// END OPT /// "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE," A CUBAN-SPANISH-MEXICAN CO-PRODUCTION, HAS WON TOP PRIZE AT THE HAVANA FILM FESTIVAL AND THE SILVER BEAR AWARD AT THE BERLIN FESTIVAL. "STRAWBERRY AND CHOCOLATE" FROM CUBA .. MACEDONIA'S "BEFORE THE RAIN" ... "BURNT BY THE SUN" FROM RUSSIA ... THE BELGIAN "FARINELLI: IL CASTRATO" ... "EAT, DRINK, MAN, WOMAN" FROM TAIWAN: ONE OF THOSE NAMES WILL BE UNSEALED FROM THE ENVELOPE MARKED "BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM" WHEN HOLLYWOOD'S TOP ANNUAL HONORS, THE ACADEMY AWARDS, ARE PRESENTED MONDAY NIGHT [3/27]. (SIGNED) NEB/ADS/KK/LWM 23-Mar-95 9:39 PM EST (0239 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America

voa.101 usisbel, 24 Mar 95

voa.102 usisbel, 27 Mar 95

DATE=3/26/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-176084 TITLE=YUGO SITREP (S ONLY) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE BOSNIAN SERBS STILL CONTROL A COMMUNICATIONS TOWER EARLIER BELIEVED CAPTURED BY THE BOSNIAN ARMY. BUT THE TOWER NEAR THE TOWN OF TUZLA WAS, APPARENTLY, DAMAGED DURING FIGHTING BETWEEN SERB AND MUSLIM-LED GOVERNMENT FORCES IN THE AREA. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: THE SERBS SAY THEIR TROOPS STILL CONTROL THE VITAL COMMUNICATIONS TOWER AND THE IMMEDIATE AREA AROUND IT. THE SERBS SAY, THOUGH, THAT REPAIRS ARE BEING CARRIED OUT, INDICATING THE FACILITY HAS BEEN DAMAGED. UNITED NATIONS OFFICIALS IN SARAJEVO EARLIER SAID THEY BELIEVED MUSLIM-LED GOVERNMENT TROOPS HAD CAPTURED THE TOWER AFTER SEIZING A SIMILAR ONE NEAR THE TOWN OF TRAVNIK. FIGHTING IS REPORTED CONTINUING ON THE NORTHEASTERN FRONT AROUND TUZLA, ALTHOUGH AT A LOWER LEVEL THAN OVER THE PAST FEW DAYS. GOVERNMENT FORCES INVOLVED IN A NEARLY WEEK-LONG OFFENSIVE ARE THOUGHT TO HAVE PAUSED TO REGROUP. MEANWHILE, THE UNITED NATIONS COMMANDER IN BOSNIA, BRITISH GENERAL RUPERT SMITH, HAS PROTESTED THE SERB SHELLING OF THE MUSLIM ENCLAVE OF GORAZDE IN EASTERN BOSNIA. GORAZDE IS A U-N/DECLARED SAFE AREA. WHEN IT WAS SHELLED ON SATURDAY, NATO WARPLANES FLEW LOW OVER THE REGION, BUT THEY WERE NOT ORDERED TO ATTACK ANY SERB POSITIONS. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/DW/BG 26-Mar-95 12:15 PM EST (1715 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1525 total bytes, 1525 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

voa.103 usisbel, 27 Mar 95

DATE=3/26/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-176093 TITLE=YUGO SITREP UPDATE (S-O) BYLINE=WAYNE COREY DATELINE=VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: /// NEW LEAD /// INTRO: THE BOSNIAN SERB LEADER, RADOVAN KARADZIC, HAS ORDERED A GENERAL MOBILIZATION OF THE PEOPLE IN SERB-CONTROLLED TERRITORY BECAUSE OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: MR. KARADZIC ORDERED ALL BOSNIAN SERBS TO BE MOBILIZED TO CRUSH THE GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE AND TO DEFEND THE SELF-DECLARED SERB STATE. THE MOBILIZATION ORDER INDICATES THE COORDINATED GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE IN NORTHEASTERN AND NORTH CENTRAL BOSNIA HAS MADE IMPORTANT TERRITORIAL AND, POSSIBLY, STRATEGIC GAINS. THE BOSNIAN ARMY HAS NOT YET CAPTURED AN IMPORTANT SERB COMMUNICATIONS TOWER NEAR THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN OF TUZLA AS UNITED NATIONS OFFICIALS BELIEVED. BUT, BOSNIAN TROOPS, INVOLVED IN THE FIGHTING, ARE SAID TO BE CONFIDENT THAT THE TOWER CAN BE TAKEN WITHIN A FEW DAYS. IF IT IS CAPTURED, THE SERBS WILL LOSE A VITAL MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY. THE ARMY BEGAN ITS OFFENSIVE A WEEK AGO. ONE OBJECTIVE IS TO DISRUPT SERB COMMUNICATIONS. ANOTHER OBJECTIVE IS TO PUSH SERB ARTILLERY OUT OF SHELLING RANGE OF TUZLA AND THE GOVERNMENT-HELD TOWN OF TRAVNIK. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/BD/LWM 26-Mar-95 5:04 PM EST (2204 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1446 total bytes, 1446 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue

voa.104 usisbel, 28 Mar 95

DATE=3/28/95 TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT NUMBER=2-176161 TITLE= YUGO SITREP (S) BYLINE= WAYNE COREY DATELINE= VIENNA CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: BOSNIA'S MUSLIM PRESIDENT, ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC, HAS OUTLINED HIS GOVERNMENT'S MINIMAL CONDITIONS FOR RESUMING PEACE TALKS WITH THE SERBS. V-O-A'S WAYNE COREY REPORTS FROM OUR CENTRAL EUROPEAN BUREAU IN VIENNA. TEXT: IN A SPEECH IN SARAJEVO, PRESIDENT IZETBEGOVIC SAYS THE BOSNIAN SERBS MUST ACCEPT THE CURRENT PEACE PLAN, ALREADY ACCEPTED BY THE MUSLIMS AND THE ETHNIC CROATS. MR. IZETBEGOVIC SAYS THE SECOND GOVERNMENT CONDITION FOR THE RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS ON A FINAL BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT IS YUGOSLAV RECOGNITION OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. IF THESE TWO CONDITIONS ARE NOT MET, THE BOSNIAN PRESIDENT SAYS HE WILL DEMAND THE END OF THE ARMS EMBARGO ON BOSNIA WHICH HE CALLS LEGALLY AND POLITICALLY INDEFENSIBLE. MR. IZETBEGOVIC IS CLEARLY IN NO MOOD TO STOP THE NEW GOVERNMENT OFFENSIVE TO RECAPTURE LOST TERRITORY, NOW UNDERWAY IN BOSNIA. IF THE WEST WANTS PEACE IN THE BALKANS, HE SAYS, WE WISH IT LUCK, BUT IT CANNOT ACHIEVE PEACE AT OUR EXPENSE. A UNITED NATIONS OFFICIAL IN SARAJEVO EARLIER SAID THE MILITARY SITUATION IN BOSNIA IS GETTING OUT OF CONTROL. THE OFFICIAL WARNED THAT NATO WARPLANES COULD STRIKE AT SERB FORCES IF THE SERBS ATTACK U-N / DECLARED SAFE AREAS AND DELIBERATELY TARGET CIVILIANS. (SIGNED) NEB/WC/MH 28-Mar-95 4:52 AM EST (0952 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America Download Complete. 1481 total bytes, 1481 bytes/sec Press <RETURN> to continue