unix.923postmast,
From: vecxo@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu (Dragan D. Vecerina)
Subject: Re: Hocemo li novu verziju? :) (bjese: 1.3.21: sendmail/uuxqt problems, 'make modules' fail)
Date: Thu, 31 Aug 1995 14:01:37 GMT
Dragan D. Vecerina (vecxo@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
>> 1.3.21 je po mojoj oceni stabilan,jes da ima malih greskica
>> kod nekih stvari ali je stabilan.
Ah da i zaboravih reci....make modules radi bez imalo vecih problema.
Za one koji ne znaju C verovatno sa vecim problemima..:>>
Dragan D. Vecerina
unix.922postmast,
From: vecxo@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu (Dragan D. Vecerina)
Subject: Re: Hocemo li novu verziju? :) (bjese: 1.3.21: sendmail/uuxqt problems, 'make modules' fail)
Date: Thu, 31 Aug 1995 12:28:04 GMT
Dragisa N. Duric (dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
>> Rebooting with 1.3.20 and re-running uuxqt on the same input files
>> deliver them without any problems.
Ali 1.3.20 ima mnogo veci bug....gubljenje /proc fs-a nakon
ulaska u /proc/scsi dir i koristenja ls naredbe:)))
1.3.21 je po mojoj oceni stabilan,jes da ima malih greskica
kod nekih stvari ali je stabilan.
Dragan D. Vecerina
unix.929postmast,
From: vecxo@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu (Dragan D. Vecerina)
Subject: kernel 1.3.21
Date: Wed, 30 Aug 1995 15:36:29 GMT
From: Linus Torvalds
-----------------------------
Hi everybody,
I'm back from the US, and (as expected) found a lot of mail in my
mailbox. I've tried to find all the important patches, and have
integrated them into linux-1.3.21. But if you have sent me a patch and
it hasn't shown up, it may well be that I have simply lost it in the
flood..
Anyway, 1.3.21 does the following:
- slightly better make-rules: it should make corretly even if you have
forgotten to do a "make clean" after changing the kernel configuration.
- "msync()" system call, and better shared memory handling.
- updated and fixed ide driver, the new one also is able to handle the
Triton chipset bus master ide features.
- optcd driver update
- the lp driver de-registers the ports it used when unloaded as a
module.
- /proc/scsi doesn't blow up any more (it doesn't work, but it doesn't
hurt anything else, at least).
- updated ksmbfs filesystem: this one should be faster for large
read/write operations.
- updated networking code.. Some ipv6 defines, but no ipv6
functionality yet.
- fixed arp that didn't work for some addresses.
Please do check this out: I hope the 1.3.x series is starting to
stabilize now. And keep the comments coming,
Linus
Dragan D. Vecerina
unix.928postmast,
From: bale@cview.com (Aleksandar Bakic)
Subject: Elk 3.0
Date: Wed, 30 Aug 1995 07:13:16 GMT
This is release 3.0 of Elk, the Extension Language Kit.
What is Elk?
------------
Elk is an implementation of the Scheme programming language.
In contrast to existing, stand-alone Scheme systems Elk has been
designed specifically as an embeddable, reusable extension language
subsystem for applications written in C or C++.
Developers using Elk can deliver applications with different components
written in different languages, such as an efficient core written in
C or C++ and an extensible user interface layer implemented in Scheme.
To help building hybrid application architectures, Elk supports a
tightly-knit interworking of the C/C++ parts of applications with
Scheme code.
Elk is also useful as a stand-alone Scheme implementation, in particular
as a platform for rapid prototyping of X11-based Scheme programs.
The Elk project was started in 1987 to support ISOTEXT, a multimedia
document editor that has been developed at the Technical University of
Berlin. The first freely available version, Elk 1.0, was published in
USENET in September 1989. Since then, Elk has been successfully used as
the extension language framework for numerous applications (commercial
products as well as free software projects).
Getting Elk
-----------
You can obtain the Elk 3.0 distribution as well as additional information
about Elk in the World Wide Web at
http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~net/elk
The distribution is also available for anonymous FTP from a number of
servers including these:
ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/devel_tools/elk-3.0.tar.gz
ftp://ftp.uni-bremen.de/pub/programming/languages/scheme/elk/elk-3.0.tar.gz
What is new in Elk 3.0?
-----------------------
The major improvements in Elk 3.0 are a new Scheme object representation
and a new, completely rewritten C/C++ Programmer's Manual for Elk.
The new object representation has been suggested by Craig McPheeters,
who also contributed an initial set of patches. Its advantages are:
o the heap size is no longer limited (except by the amount of
virtual memory that can be addressed);
o `fixnums' now occupy an entire C int;
o the number of Scheme types is no longer limited to 128
o the new format improves compile-time checking and eases debugging;
o Elk now ports easily to 64-bit platforms such as the DEC/Alpha.
The new C/C++ Programmer's Manual is a complete specification of the
C/C++ interface to Elk; it is intended for authors of extensible,
Elk-based applications and for extension writers. Topics range from
the general architecture of extensible applications and the use of
dynamic loading to advanced techniques such as weak data structures and
cooperation with the garbage collector.
Also new in Elk 3.0 is a POSIX-style regular expression extension.
Elk has been ported to a number of new platforms (among them Linux,
BSD/OS, AIX 4.1, and HP-UX 10.0). A full list of changes is in the
distribution (see the files CHANGES and MIGRATE).
Elk features
------------
o Full incremental, dynamic loading
This facility enables Scheme code to load compiled Scheme extensions
into the running interpreter (or into the application) on demand.
Complex Elk-based applications can be decomposed into dynamically
loadable components to avoid large, monolithic executables.
Furthermore, user-supplied extension need not be written entirely in
Scheme; they may include an efficient, low-level layer written in C
or C++.
Dynamic loading in Elk is supported on many platforms and is not
restricted to a dlopen() interface. Elk provides automatic
initialization of dynamically loaded extensions and takes care of
C++ static constructors/destructors embedded in object files.
o Freezing of fully customized applications into executable files
Elk provides a new Scheme primitive `dump' which freezes the dynamic
runtime image of the Scheme interpreter into an executable file
(including an enclosing application if present). This facility
resembles unexec() in Emacs, but the new executable resumes execution
by returning from the call to `dump' by which that executable was
created (not unlike fork() in UNIX). Dynamic loading and `dump'
increase the usability of Elk as the backbone of complex applications.
o Powerful C/C++ interface for language interoperability
Elk provides for a tight integration of the C/C++ core of applications
(or extensions) with the extension language. Applications can define
their own Scheme primitives (three calling disciplines are supported),
define application-specific first-class Scheme types with customized
print and read functions, convert objects between Scheme types and
C/C++ types in various ways, implement weak data structures, raise
Scheme errors, define Scheme variables and symbols, evaluate
S-expressions encoded as C strings, and utilize the garbage collector.
o Full Scheme bindings for X11 and Motif
Several dynamically loadable extensions provide full Scheme access to
the X11/OpenWindows Xlib, to the application programmer interface of
the Xt intrinsics, and to the Athena and OSF/Motif widget sets.
Using these extensions, the graphical user-interfaces of Elk-based
applications can be built entirely in the extension language.
o UNIX interface
Elk provides Scheme access to most UNIX system calls and common C
library functions. The UNIX extension supports a wide range of
different UNIX platforms without restricting its functionality to the
lowest common denominator or to the POSIX 1003.1 functions.
o Stop-and-copy and generational, incremental garbage collection
Elk employs two garbage collection strategies selectable at compile
time: a traditional stop-and-copy garbage collector and a generational
garbage collector which is more efficient and thus reduces the time the
application is disrupted by a garbage collection. On platforms with
advanced memory management, `incremental' mode can be enabled for the
generational garbage collector to further reduce wait times.
o Non-standard Scheme features
In addition to the standard Scheme core, Elk supports first-class
environments, error handling, provide/require and autoloading,
fluid bindings and dynamic-wind, simple `eval-twice'-style macros,
property lists, string ports and bidirectional ports, shell-style
`tilde expansion' in filenames, an interactive top-level written
in Scheme, a Scheme debugger and a pretty printer, arbitrary length
bitstrings, and Scheme records.
o Comprehensive documentation
The distribution includes 230+ pages of fully indexed documentation.
All manuals exist as troff input files which can be translated to HTML
(with `unroff') for online browsing in addition to producing typeset-
quality printed versions.
o Distributed in legally unencumbered form
The copyright/license agreement permits free redistribution and use
of Elk in commercial products.
Why is Elk using Scheme?
------------------------
As extensions can get as large and complex as freestanding programs,
extension language programmers (usually the users of the application)
deserve the same language features that other programmers are
accustomed to. By using a general-purpose programming language rather
than a specialized scripting language, non-trivial extensions can
benefit from the structuring functionality inherent in real programming
languages (such as Lisp).
Members of the Lisp language family are particularly suitable as an
extension language: Lisp has a simple syntax but powerful semantics,
it allows for small implementations, and its interactive nature
supports rapid prototyping and encourages users to explore and test
solutions to problems in an incremental way.
Consequently, Lisp has become increasingly popular for this purpose, to
the point where the abundance of different dialects has grown into a
problem. Of the standardized dialects of Lisp, only Scheme is suitably
modest, yet sufficiently general, to serve as a reusable extension
language for a wide range of applications. Scheme is orthogonal and
well-defined, and it is small enough to not dominate the application it
serves and to be fully understood with acceptable effort.
[Tcl/Tk moze u kantu --prim. AB]
unix.927postmast,
From: dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Nekic)
Subject: Re: unix (CNews)
Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 22:48:04 GMT
Imao sam problema sa CNews-om pa mi je dragisha odgovorio:
dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
>
> -> Jos jedno pitanjce hteo bi da neke grupe saljem mailom pa sam stavio
> -> u sys:
> -> vasa:glupa.grupa/all::mail vasa@my.makina
> -> ali ovo neradi?
>
> Postoji problem sa bash, isti ne dozvoljava sintaksu
>
> <fajl mail pera
>
> A ovo je upravo ono sto pokusava CNews. Bilo je price u news.software.b
> (news transporti) ali nisam imao strpljenja da je pratim do kraja, tj
> rjesenja :). Ako ima zainteresovanih, moze se angazujemo da to
> prevazidjemo...
>
> dd
Uspeo sam da CNews odnosno sendbatches salje u mail. Stavio sam u
sys:
vasa:yu.os.unix/all:f:
odnosno salji na sistem vasa sve iz grupe yu.os.unix koristeci batch. A u
batchparms:
vasa 10000 10 batcher nocomp viavasa
to kaze salji bez kompresije na sistem vasa pomocu viavasa. I cuveni viavasa
se nalazi u /usr/lib/newsbin/batch kao
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root bin 12 Aug 29 22:40 viavasa i sadrzi:
mail vasa@vasahome.UUCP
Tako vasa dobija u mailu poruke iz grupe yu.os.unix.
Dragoljub
unix.925postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: Hocemo li novu verziju? :) (bjese: 1.3.21: sendmail/uuxqt problems, 'make modules' fail)
Date: Fri, 1 Sep 1995 04:56:29 GMT
Dragan D. Vecerina (vecxo@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
-> Dragisa N. Duric (dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
-> >> Rebooting with 1.3.20 and re-running uuxqt on the same input files
-> >> deliver them without any problems.
->
-> Ali 1.3.20 ima mnogo veci bug....gubljenje /proc fs-a nakon
-> ulaska u /proc/scsi dir i koristenja ls naredbe:)))
-> 1.3.21 je po mojoj oceni stabilan,jes da ima malih greskica
Nebitno je koja je gora, bitno je da su lose. Sam Linus kaze da se to
otprilike sada pocinje polako stabilizovati. Tek pocinje...
unix.926postmast,
From: dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Nekic)
Subject: Re: unix (CNews)
Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 22:47:58 GMT
dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
> Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
> -> >
> -> Cini mi se da ima problema sa direktorijima. Sve mora da bude
> -> chown news.news i probaj kao root "ln -s /var/lib/news /usr/lib/".
>
> /usr/spool/news treba svi dir da budu news.news, ali ne i sve u
> /usr/lib/news (/usr/local/lib/news, zavisno kako su napravili). Najmanje
> jedan file je suid root.
>
> -> Ovo nije do kraja uspesna prica, ja nisam uspeo da poteram CNews kako valja,
> -> imam problema sa "sendbatches" stalno javlja u batchlog-u :
> -> Tue Aug 29 11:39:34 1995, sendbatches 536
> -> asa backlog 1 (disk too full for batching)
> -> Tue Aug 29 11:39:42 1995, sendbatches 536
>
> Pa fino kaze, disk too full O:). Koliko je free? Jel ima preko 10 Mb?
^^^^^^^^^^^
Ovo me je iznenadilo. Zar mu nije bilo dosta 6-7 koliko sam imao
slobodno? Interesantno je da nije islo ni kada sam simbolicki povezao
/var/spool/news sa praznom particijom (posto sam utamanio DOS) od 40M, gde sam
nameravao da smestim News. Stalno odrzavati slobodan prostor na +10M, a to je
10% mog diska, da bi CNews imao komotitet nije bas ekonomicno. Da nisu autori
zaposleni u Conner-u ili Maxtor-u ?
Sada sa 10Mb free CNews radi.
Dragoljub
unix.924postmast,
From: nikola@fon (Nikola Mitrovic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Thu, 31 Aug 1995 23:13:27 GMT
Ivan Glisin (glisin@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu) rece:
> Ma jasno, nego samo kazem iz tudjih iskustava je bilo cak i toga
> a o 'rm *' u pogresnom direktorijumu da ne govorimo.
ako koristite 'tcsh' mozete koristiti opciju 'rmstar' koja vas na 'rm *'
pita nesto u stilu 'are you sure?'
za neupucene: u vas .tcshrc fajl stavite 'set rmstar'
--
Nikola Mitrovic | e_mail: nikola@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu
| nikola@tesla.cview.com
| nikola@eiger.k2.net
unix.930postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Hocemo li novu verziju? :) (bjese: 1.3.21: sendmail/uuxqt problems, 'make modules' fail)
Date: Wed, 30 Aug 1995 19:02:35 GMT
[ Article crossposted from linux-kernel mailing list ]
[ Author was Henrik Storner (storner@osiris.ping.dk) ]
[ Posted on Tue, 29 Aug 1995 05:52:12 GMT ]
I'm not sure exactly what is causing this, but since booting up
1.3.21 uuxqt hangs midway through passing mail to sendmail.
Rebooting with 1.3.20 and re-running uuxqt on the same input files
deliver them without any problems.
Taylor-uucp 1.05. Kernel compiled with gcc 2.7.0 (ELF), libc 5.0.9.
Hardware: 486/66 VLB-system, 16 MB RAM, Adaptec 2842.
Also, 'make modules' bomb in optcd.c with 'mem_start' undeclared.
--
Henrik Storner | "Computers are like Old Testament Gods; lots of
storner@osiris.ping.dk | rules and no mercy."
| Joseph Campbell
unix.931postmast,
From: arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu (Bogdan Kecman)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 09:07:19 GMT
Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: Da li je neko uspeo da na windows-ima podigne X server koji bi radio
: preko SLIP/PPP veze?
BATALI MS WINDOWS-e to ne sluzi nicemu.
: Takodje, ima li ko neki drugi X server za windows, te ako a ima da li
: bi bio voljan da isti podeli sa nama?
: Pl poz D
Elem postoji XAPPIAL, koji ne radi pod njinjdonjsima ali radi kako
treba. A postoji i DV/X to mi je onaj DESK VIEW /X koji moze da radi
istu stvar samo njega nisam probao.
Arhimed.CoRRoSioN.
unix.932postmast,
From: drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu (Drazen Pantic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 15:29:18 GMT
"Aleksandar Nikolajevic" <banga@sezam.UUCP> wrote:
>Da li moze Eudora144 da sljaka ? Mislim na mail check.
Moze, ali sa SLIP/PPP protokolom ili emulacijom istoga.
Pl poz D
unix.933postmast,
From: drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu (Drazen Pantic)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Wed, 6 Sep 1995 15:29:30 GMT
arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu (Bogdan Kecman) wrote:
>BATALI MS WINDOWS-e to ne sluzi nicemu.
Sluze, ako se dobro postave, i ako se nadje nacin da se znanje
naplati.
>Elem postoji XAPPIAL, koji ne radi pod njinjdonjsima ali radi kako
>treba. A postoji i DV/X to mi je onaj DESK VIEW /X koji moze da radi
>istu stvar samo njega nisam probao.
Ok, dakle pitanje je i dalje otvoreno.
Pl poz D
unix.934postmast,
From: vbjelic@vlb.fon.bg.ac.yu (Vladislav Bjelic)
Subject: Re: unix (CNews)
Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 18:29:00 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: Ovo nije do kraja uspesna prica, ja nisam uspeo da poteram CNews kako valja,
: imam problema sa "sendbatches" stalno javlja u batchlog-u :
: Tue Aug 29 11:39:34 1995, sendbatches 536
: asa backlog 1 (disk too full for batching)
: Tue Aug 29 11:39:42 1995, sendbatches 536
To je posledica toga sto program "/usr/lib/newsbin/dostatfs" ne
radi uvek OK (recimo kod mene sa UMSDOS-om ne radi ok, uvek vraca
0), a na njega se oslanja skript /usr/lib/newsbin/spacefor koji
se opet koristi u dosta skriptova... Izmedju ostalog koristi ga
i sendbatches. Dakle ja sam taj problem resio ovako:
---
cd /usr/lib/newsbin
mv dostatfs dostatfs.backup
echo "echo 1000000" > dostatfs
chmod a+rx dostatfs
chown root.bin dostatfs
---
sada "dostatfs" vraca da ima dovoljno mesta :), naravno kod mene
stvarno uvek i ima mesta. Posle ovoga te sendbatches vise nece
zezati sa prostorom.
--
http://www.rcub.bg.ac.yu/~vbjelic
unix.935postmast,
From: glisin@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu (Ivan Glisin)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Tue, 29 Aug 1995 20:34:52 GMT
Permission denied pise:
>> : Superman (root@vlb.fon.bg.ac.yu) pise:
Permission denied, Superman...xe, xe...
>> Podesavao sam nesto sa root naloga i usput citao news, inace pri
>> razvoju softvera ne radim bas cesto rm -rf ;)
Ma jasno, nego samo kazem iz tudjih iskustava je bilo cak i toga
a o 'rm *' u pogresnom direktorijumu da ne govorimo.
Bio jedan sto je stavio Linux, pa zaboravio gde je (otisao u /)
i zaboravio kako ze zove neki file na "v", pa kazao 'ls v*' i
on mu napise 'vmlinuz' (ili tako nekako). Covek lepo pomisli
"sta ce ovo ovde" i 'rm vmlinuz'. Sve je bilo lepo, dok... ;-)))
Eto, radio kao Root ono sto ne treba... O:-)
unix.936spantic,
-> #917, postmast> From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
> Infomagic je $25+$5
Da, u pravu si. Firma je Trans-Am.
Upravo čitam da nude novu distribuciju koja uključuje
Slackware 2.3.0.
Elem, šta se više isplati?
unix.937banga,
-> #932, postmast> Moze, ali sa SLIP/PPP protokolom ili emulacijom istoga.
Mislio sam na twinsock. Kod mailcheck-a mi javlja connection refused
[10061]. Send mail radi normalno.
unix.938eotek,
-> #914, postmast> Cini mi se da ima problema sa direktorijima. Sve mora da bude
> chown news.news i probaj kao root "ln -s /var/lib/news
> /usr/lib/".
Tnx, ali to sam uradio jos na pocetku :(.
Sve u svemu, presao sam na INN i radi kako treba.
unix.939zoranv,
Instalirao sam LINUX na masinu. Imam sledeci problem: iz nepoznatih razloga
ne mogu da startujem programe koji rade u grafickom rezimu (setup ili pkgtool).
Inace to ne radi ni posle instalacije. Kada se butuje sa boot+root diskete i
startuje setup sve je OK. Posto se zavrsi setup, i dalje je sve OK. Kada se
rebootuje ne radi.
Zoran Verovski
unix.940postmast,
From: arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu (Bogdan Kecman)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Thu, 7 Sep 1995 14:50:52 GMT
Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu (Bogdan Kecman) wrote:
: >BATALI MS WINDOWS-e to ne sluzi nicemu.
: Sluze, ako se dobro postave, i ako se nadje nacin da se znanje
: naplati.
Iskreno, vise volim da naplacijem znanje programiranja za UNIX i
XWINDOW nego da se maltretiram sa NjINDONjS-om i ubedjujem ljude
da ce to da radi kako treba, pa dobro malo je sporo ali ako uzmete
jos mali RAM-a ... Mislim mogo bih ja njih i da ubedim ali ne mogu
sebe, to je problem. Poceo sam sad da pisem neka s...a za WIN u
BC-u i iskreno mislim da sve to nema nikakve svrhe. I dalje se previse
vremena gubi na kontrolu stvari koje ne bi trebale biti nas problem.
Ako je neko programirao nekad za XW bice mu jasno o cemu pricam.
Arhimed.CoRRoSioN.
unix.944postmast,
From: bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU (Misa Trivkovic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 1995 10:53:37 GMT
To spantic@sezam.UUCP:
## Danas mi je Bdm pokazao sjajnu platformsku, doduse 2D, igru
## pisanu za Linux i to u Lisp-u. Covek je lepo obavio posao. Na
## zalost, stradala je istog dana u havariji diska. Rec je o 2 MB
## koje treba ponovo skinuti od Dragise :(
Prijatelju, havarija ufiksana, abuse je sacuvan, so kome treba u BG-u,
nek se javi... :)
bdm@hobbiton.co.yu
unix.943postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 1995 08:45:28 GMT
Bogdan Kecman (arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu) wrote:
-> Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
-> : arhimed@lucid.junis.ni.ac.yu (Bogdan Kecman) wrote:
-> : >BATALI MS WINDOWS-e to ne sluzi nicemu.
-> : Sluze, ako se dobro postave, i ako se nadje nacin da se znanje
-> : naplati.
-> Iskreno, vise volim da naplacijem znanje programiranja za UNIX i
-> XWINDOW nego da se maltretiram sa NjINDONjS-om i ubedjujem ljude
-> da ce to da radi kako treba, pa dobro malo je sporo ali ako uzmete
-> jos mali RAM-a ... Mislim mogo bih ja njih i da ubedim ali ne mogu
I ja, ali ne vidim nista lose u njegovom biznisu. Ionako je vecini
korisnika apsolutno nemoguce dokazati da je u njihovom interesu da batale
Windows, ponekad... Ima Windows i imace svoje korisnike, ljude kojima je on
preduslov za upotrebu racunara i koji ne zele da zamaraju mozak ni grama
vise nego sto moraju.
-> sebe, to je problem. Poceo sam sad da pisem neka s...a za WIN u
-> BC-u i iskreno mislim da sve to nema nikakve svrhe. I dalje se previse
-> vremena gubi na kontrolu stvari koje ne bi trebale biti nas problem.
-> Ako je neko programirao nekad za XW bice mu jasno o cemu pricam.
Hehe, da budem ja malo zloban? Ili ne? Ili...
Kako rjesavas multithreadinge sa X aplikacijama? I koliko efikasno/pametno
(ovo cu ti vjerujem na rijec sta god odgovoris:))
Trestle rulez! Modula-3 toolkit za X programiranje, OO, multithread, reentrant
i ostalo sto treba...
unix.942postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 1995 08:40:30 GMT
Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
-> Ok, dakle pitanje je i dalje otvoreno.
Chamelenon?
unix.941postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: PRESS RELEASE: Linux V1.3
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 1995 07:14:14 GMT
Igor Loncarevic (anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
-> [ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.announce ]
-> [ Author was Jeff Newbern ]
-> [ Posted on 1 Jul 1995 12:33:44 +0300 ]
-> For Immediate Release
-> Contact:
-> Jeff Newbern
-> jnewbern@mit.edu
-> 1 (617) 225-9612
-> DEVELOPMENT BEGINS FOR NEXT RELEASE OF
-> LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
-> HELSINKI, Finland -- June, 12, 1995 -- Linus Torvalds today released
Svaka cast sadrzaju, naravno, ali Linux press releases su cist vic.
Vrlo su 'for immediate release'... Dok se braca dogovore na linux-kernel
listi prodje barem mjesec dana... :)
dd
unix.945postmast,
From: drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu (Drazen Pantic)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 1995 09:00:52 GMT
dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
> Chamelenon?
Imma Chameleon Sampler, verziju bez podrske za Xwin.
Inace, Xwin radio provereno na mrezi gde je TCP podignut iznad mreznog
protokola, ali nesto zafrkava ako radi preko SLIP-a.
Pl poz D
unix.946postmast,
From: acal@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu (Aleksandar Lazarevic)
Subject: svgalib
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 1995 10:45:16 GMT
Ko bi od starijih Linux-ovaca moga da izbaja verziju svgalib-a iz one
prastare Slackware distribucije (dal 1.1 il 1.2) ili bar da mi kaze
koja je to verzija ???
Zasto mi bas ona treba?
Pa mozda zato sto mi sadasnja ne radi i posle nekoliko kompajliranja
i fidlovanja :(((
Ako ne nabavim staru verziju bice ovde gusenja oko svgalib-a ;)))
AcaL
P.S. Znam da nema nikakve veze ali sam bajni XWindows namestio za 15 min.
a akam se sa ovim trivijalama :)
unix.947postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 1995 12:42:37 GMT
Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
-> dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
-> > Chamelenon?
-> Imma Chameleon Sampler, verziju bez podrske za Xwin.
-> Inace, Xwin radio provereno na mrezi gde je TCP podignut iznad mreznog
-> protokola, ali nesto zafrkava ako radi preko SLIP-a.
Imam ja neki 8Mb Chamalenon.tar.gz, pa cu probam i javim, cim stignem.
Podrzava sve zivo, PPP/SLIP/ISDN/eth........
unix.948postmast,
From: spale@fon (Spasic Dragan student FON)
Subject: tin
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 1995 20:19:44 GMT
Da li neko zna kako da povecam broj linija na tin-u (mislam sa 25 ili vec
koliko je na vise)
spale
unix.949postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: Re: svgalib
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 1995 17:57:33 GMT
Aleksandar Lazarevic (acal@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
-> Ko bi od starijih Linux-ovaca moga da izbaja verziju svgalib-a iz one
-> prastare Slackware distribucije (dal 1.1 il 1.2) ili bar da mi kaze
-> koja je to verzija ???
Ne znam koja je, ja jos cuvam onaj prvi Slackware koji sam dovukao na
traci, ali...
-> Zasto mi bas ona treba?
-> Pa mozda zato sto mi sadasnja ne radi i posle nekoliko kompajliranja
-> i fidlovanja :(((
Imas kod mene binary najnovijeg svgalib koji provjereno radi. Uzmi ga, i
ako ti i dalje ne radi, trazi drugdje problem, on sigurno nije u 'losem'
svgalib.
-> P.S. Znam da nema nikakve veze ali sam bajni XWindows namestio za 15 min.
-> a akam se sa ovim trivijalama :)
Hehe, X ima Config-urator sada, nije to X iz onih vremena :))
unix.950vitez.koja,
-> #939, zoranv#=> Instalirao sam LINUX na masinu. Imam sledeci problem: iz
#=> nepoznatih razloga ne mogu da startujem programe koji
#=> rade u grafickom rezimu (setup ili pkgtool). Inace to ne
#=> radi ni posle instalacije. Kada se butuje sa boot+root
#=> diskete i startuje setup sve je OK. Posto se zavrsi
#=> setup, i dalje je sve OK. Kada se rebootuje ne radi.
Gadna stvar :( (btw. to nije grafički režim). To se isto i meni
dešava :( i u čemu je stvar ne znam, ali se može izbeći. Startuj
neki dijalog, i posle toga će sve da radi kako valja (?!). Ja to
rešavam tako što pročitam neki dijalog iz fajla (npr. INSfd) i
otkucam ga u komandnom promptu (zapravo, selektujem ga mišem:).
Posle toga setup radi.
unix.951ilazarevic,
-> #950, vitez.koja> Gadna stvar :( (btw. to nije grafički režim). To se isto i meni
> dešava :( i u čemu je stvar ne znam, ali se može izbeći. Startuj
Kod mene radi :) Kako, ne znam, ali radi :)
unix.952postmast,
From: zoranp@fon (Zoran Petrovic)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Mon, 11 Sep 1995 04:40:17 GMT
Dragisa N. Duric (dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
> Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
> -> dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
> -> > Chamelenon?
> -> Imma Chameleon Sampler, verziju bez podrske za Xwin.
> -> Inace, Xwin radio provereno na mrezi gde je TCP podignut iznad mreznog
> -> protokola, ali nesto zafrkava ako radi preko SLIP-a.
> Imam ja neki 8Mb Chamalenon.tar.gz, pa cu probam i javim, cim stignem.
> Podrzava sve zivo, PPP/SLIP/ISDN/eth........
Da budemo precizni treba naci Chameleon X. Prevedeno sadrzi u sebi paket
PC Xware ( tekuca verzija je 2.0 32-bitna ). Podrazumeva se i tekuca
verzija Chameleon-a - 4.5 . Uz malo starije verzije 4.0 i 4.1 isla
je i starija verzija PC Xware.
Druga mogucnost je Hummingbird ali je sporiji.
Treca mogucnost je Reflection X od WRQ, daju evaluation copy
ako uspes da ih ubedis preko telefona za Evropy +31-70-375-1100 .
Kako su svi u fazonu sa Windows 95. Ova zadnja firma obecava pravi
32-bitni X Windows ( pod Windows 95 i Windows NT ) dva meseca posle
pojave Windows 95-ce. Zasto pominjem ovu zadnju firmu ?. Ona je
naime kupila licencu od Tektranix-a ( jedan od najvecih proizvodjaca
X terminala ) da u svom proizvodu koristi njihovu tehnologiju za
optimizaciju rada X terminala preko serijske veze. Da su ozbiljna
firma vidi se po tome da imaju podrsku i za dial veze preko
mobilne telefonije.
Programe koji rade emulaciju X terminala najbolje rade firme koje
prave X terminale. Naime PC Xware proizvodi firma NCD. Uz njihov
proizvod isporucuju i 32-bitni VxD TCP/IP stack.
Zasto je vazno koristiti VxD TCP/IP. Jednostavno, sa DLL programima
ala Chameleon, mount-ujte neki drive ( NFS-om ) iz Windowsa. Predjite
u MS-DOS prozor i eto belaja- NECE MOCI. Tako nesto moze samo sa VxD
implementacijama TCP/IP ( Beame & Whiteside NFS, ili PC-NFS Pro
i slicni.
--
Izvinjavam se na duzini poruke !
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zoran V. Petrovic IRITEL zoranp@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu
epetrovi@ubbg.etf.bg.ac.yu
unix.953postmast,
From: dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Nekic)
Subject: Gopher & ftp
Date: Thu, 14 Sep 1995 19:56:52 GMT
Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Dragoljub
unix.954postmast,
From: malenovi@cview.com (Nik Malenovic)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Mon, 11 Sep 1995 20:04:26 GMT
In article <1995Sep10.124237.27094@hobbiton.CO.YU>,
Dragisa N. Duric <dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU> wrote:
>Drazen Pantic (drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
>-> dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric) wrote:
>-> > Chamelenon?
>-> Imma Chameleon Sampler, verziju bez podrske za Xwin.
>-> Inace, Xwin radio provereno na mrezi gde je TCP podignut iznad mreznog
>-> protokola, ali nesto zafrkava ako radi preko SLIP-a.
> Imam ja neki 8Mb Chamalenon.tar.gz, pa cu probam i javim, cim stignem.
>Podrzava sve zivo, PPP/SLIP/ISDN/eth........
na zalost ne podrzava NFS i X - pardon greska - podrzava ga Netmanage
software ali ne i ta verzija koju imas (imamo ;-). daklem, NFS client/server
je available za neku paru, isto tako i sa Xom. nazalost neznam sta od Xa
ulazi u cenu :( samo sve da bi kupio - tcp/ip, aplikacije, NFS cli/serv
i X - treba ti oko 1500$ po macihni - ne mozes da koristis istu licencu
za vise od jedne machine na mrezi (ethernet i slicno).
inace Chameleon je strasan. doduse meni ne treba NFS i ne treba mi X,
tako da bez toga je superioran bilo kom drugom produktu. samo kad
bi izbacili bolji web surfer :)
Nik
--
sin.com - Proudly running FreeBSD 2.0.5 486DX2/50 32 Mb RAM 1.5Gb SCSI
Look at what Linux did - it made everyone aware of Unices, but it has put
back the development of Unix-based OS for decades to come. Dont' ask what
your PC can do for you, but what you can do for your PC - nuke Linux!
unix.955postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: xmsdos-0.1.6, a VFAT filesystem for Linux
Date: Sat, 16 Sep 1995 05:02:14 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.announce ]
[ Author was Gordon Chaffee ]
[ Posted on Sun, 10 Sep 95 13:54:35 GMT ]
Release: xmsdos 0.1.6
This is an alpha release of xmsdos, a VFAT filesystem that
can handle Windows 95 and Windows NT long filenames. Be warned, it may do
irrepairable damage to your directories and your disk. Most likely, it
won't. If you mount the filesystems as read-only, you shouldn't have
anything to worry about. It was tested on Linux 1.3.x and Windows NT 3.5.
It does not work on NTFS partitions.
Where to get:
mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu:/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/xmsdos-0.1.6.tgz
How to use:
Until the system is stable, the filesystem is called xmsdos.
When the filesystem is stable, I would hope that it may replace the
msdos filesystem. In order for that to happen, quite a bit more work
and integration needs to occur.
To load the filesystem:
insmod xmsdos.o
To mount a floppy:
mount -t xmsdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
Things to note:
If you use non-ASCII characters on Windows NT in a filename, you
will be unable to retrieve that file. Right now, this has not been
tested at all, so the results are unpredictable.
The makefile has -CCONFIG_MODVERSIONS turned on. If your kernel
is built without this on, you'll need to remove this from the Makefile.
If you find bugs, please send mail to chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu.
Please specify the filename and the operation that gave you trouble.
Acknowledgements:
Thanks to Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cs.rochester.edu> for the very useful
information he provided on creating the short filename checksum and the
structure of the long filenames.
Thanks to Michael R. Gile <gilem@rpi.edu> for his information about
the case bits for the DOS filename entry and his excellent bug reports.
Thanks to Gilles Vollant <100144.2636@compuserve.com> for telling me
what was broken in the 1.3.x kernels. Gilles wrote doslfn, a package
with the same functionality as xmsdos. We intend to work together to
create an excellent combined package.
Thanks to Steve Searle <steve@mgu.bath.ac.uk> for finding a bunch of
problems with certain filenames under Windows 95. He provided fixes
and changes to the filesystem to make it work much more like the
Windows 95 implementation.
Additional thanks to Alain Knaff <Alain.Knaff@imag.fr> and
David C. Niemi <niemidc@clark.net> for comments in email discussions.
Gordon Chaffee
chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu
--
Send comp.os.linux.announce submissions to: linux-announce@news.ornl.gov
PLEASE remember a short description of the software.
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
unix.956postmast,
From: andrija@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu (Andrija Ifkovic)
Subject: Re: Elk 3.0
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 1995 07:46:26 GMT
: [Tcl/Tk moze u kantu --prim. AB]
Bale, posto znam da nemas obicaj da hvalis u prazno, molio bih te
da malo obrazlozis zasto Tcl/Tk moze u kantu. To me prilicno zanima, jer
vec oko pola godine vrlo intenzivno koristim Tcl/Tk na poslu, iskljucivo
iz potrebe da na jednostavan i brz nacin kreiram GUI. Prvo sam hteo da
programiram direktno u C-u i koristim Xt i Motif, ali nisam imao nikakvu
literaturu, a i da jesam, ucenju bi trebalo posvetiti MNOGO vremena,
zivaca, a svaka izmena bi zahteva cc/ld struganje diska. Istina, video
sam nekoliko programa za "fast prototyping" koji bi resili mnoge probleme,
ali i dalje stoji potreba za pristojnim znanjem X-programiranja. Na
Tcl/Tk sam naleteo SASVIM slucajno, dok sam surfovao po Internetu, i ono
sto mi se mnogo svidelo je izuzetno lako povezivanje sa C kodom (bar za
ono sto je meni trebalo) i jednostavno i brzo kreiranje GUI-ja.
Istina, dodao sam nekoliko ekstenzija, provenstveno sa ciljem da
omogucim sebi vecu slobodu u kreiranju grafickog interfejsa i veci
izbor "widgeta". Glavna mana Tcl/Tk je sporost, koja zaista ume da
smeta. To se ne da uociti pri radu na "otvorenom" prozoru, vec pre
svega dok se program priprema da otvori novi prozor, pogotovo
ako je taj prozor komplikovan. Dakle, nije spor Tk toolkit, koji
inace moze da se koristi i direktno iz C-a i koji je direktna
nadgradnja na osnovni X11, vec sam Tcl scripting language, koji
je po brzini na dnu liste interpretativnih jezika, koliko sam imao
prilike da vidim neke testove. Verujem da je tvoj komentar
prvenstveno usmeren na samu konstrukciju i implementaciju Tcl-a,
a ne toliko na kvalitet grafickog okruzenja koje pruza Tk, pa
ni na lakocu povezivanja sa C-om.
Naravno, moj program je skoro gotov i tu nema govora o promeni jezika,
ali za buduce projekte (if any), nije iskljuceno...
Pozdrav,
Andrija Ivkovic.
unix.957postmast,
From: bale@cview.com (Aleksandar Bakic)
Subject: Re: tin
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 1995 04:24:18 GMT
Spasic Dragan student FON (spale@fon) wrote:
: Da li neko zna kako da povecam broj linija na tin-u (mislam sa 25 ili vec
: koliko je na vise)
: spale
Namesti bolje term/TERM odnosno LINES (mada ne bi moralo) promenljivu.
Poz,
Bale
unix.958postmast,
From: eotek@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Radojevic)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 18:22:22 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
: gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
: Dragoljub
ln -s /home/ftp/pub /home/gopher/data/pub
ili kako su vec dirovi rasporedjeni :)
unix.959postmast,
From: miroslav@yucca.co.yu (Miroslav Hristodulo)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 13:20:54 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) :
>> Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
>> gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Prosto. Kreiraj link na pub direktorijum. Na
primer ovako:
ln -s /home/ftp/pub "Anonymous FTP"
Kvaka 22 je u tome da onda gopher server moras
da startujes sa -c opcijom, sto znaci da ne radis
chroot pre nego sto udjes u gopher dir.
Nadam se da je jasno...
--
Miroslav R. Hristodulo
<miroslav@yucca.co.yu>
unix.960postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: UUCP 1.06.1
Date: Sun, 17 Sep 1995 06:45:03 GMT
[ Article crossposted from gnu.announce,gnu.utils.bug,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.mail.uucp ]
[ Author was Ian Lance Taylor (ian@airs.com) ]
[ Posted on Wed, 13 Sep 1995 10:13:11 -0400 ]
UUCP 1.06 unfortunately had a serious bug, so I have decided to
release version 1.06.1. I urge everybody who has already picked up
1.06 to upgrade to 1.06.1. The diffs from 1.06 are small, so I have
included them in this message (they are also available from prep).
The complete 1.06.1 tar distribution is available from
prep.ai.mit.edu, and all the usual mirror sites. I apologize for any
inconvenience.
--
Ian Taylor | ian@airs.com | First to identify quote wins free e-mail message:
``[I]n Paris, for example, in 1660 there were 103 holidays in the year.''
diff -ur uucp-1.06/ChangeLog uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog
--- uucp-1.06/ChangeLog Thu Aug 10 23:35:01 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog Sun Aug 20 15:29:15 1995
@@ -1,3 +1,33 @@
+Sun Aug 20 15:12:36 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * Released version 1.06.1.
+
+ * uux.c (main): Make sure that the grade is between '0' and '9',
+ or 'a' and 'z', or 'A' and 'Z', in case isalnum accepts other
+ characters.
+ * uucp.c (main): Likewise.
+
+Sat Aug 19 23:15:21 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * configure.in: Check for seteuid.
+ * configure: Rebuild.
+ * config.h.in (HAVE_SETEUID): Define.
+ * unix/uid.c: If HAVE_SETEUID is defined, use seteuid rather than
+ setuid.
+ * policy.h: Change HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID comment to mention that it
+ does not work on 4.4BSD-Lite and NetBSD.
+
+ * Andrey A. Chernov: uuconf.h (UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL): Use BUCHAR.
+
+Wed Aug 16 21:23:39 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * uucico.c (flogin_prompt): Add pzsystem parameter, and pass it to
+ faccept_call. Change all callers.
+
+ * trans.c (qtransalc): Clear zlog field.
+
+ * Makefile.in (VERSION): Change to 1.06.1.
+
Thu Aug 10 22:42:53 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
* Released version 1.06.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/Makefile.in uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in
--- uucp-1.06/Makefile.in Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
SHELL = /bin/sh
-VERSION = 1.06
+VERSION = 1.06.1
MORECFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir) -DOWNER=\"$(owner)\" -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(UUDIRFLAGS)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/config.h.in uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in
--- uucp-1.06/config.h.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:47 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:21 1995
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@
#define HAVE_WAIT4 0
#define HAVE_GLOB 0
#define HAVE_SETREUID 0
+#define HAVE_SETEUID 0
/* There are several functions which are replaced in the subdirectory
lib. If they are missing, the configure script will automatically
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure.in uucp-1.06.1/configure.in
--- uucp-1.06/configure.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:48 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:22 1995
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
dnl This should be processed with autoconf to produce a configure script.
dnl Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Ian Lance Taylor
dnl
-AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel $])
+AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel $])
AC_INIT(policy.h)
AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
AC_PREFIX_PROGRAM(gcc)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(remove ftruncate ltrunc rename opendir dup2 waitpid wait4)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigsetjmp setret sigaction sigvec sigset)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigprocmask sigblock sighold getdtablesize sysconf)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(gettimeofday ftw glob dev_info)
dnl Check for getline, but not in -linet, since ISC has an
dnl incompatible version there.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure uucp-1.06.1/configure
--- uucp-1.06/configure Wed Aug 9 21:01:30 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure Sun Aug 20 15:32:04 1995
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#! /bin/sh
-# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel
+# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated automatically using autoconf version 2.4
# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2606,7 +2606,7 @@
fi
done
-for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname
+for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname
do
echo $ac_n "checking for $ac_func""... $ac_c" 1>&6
if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_func_$ac_func'+set}'`\" = set"; then
diff -ur uucp-1.06/policy.h uucp-1.06.1/policy.h
--- uucp-1.06/policy.h Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/policy.h Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
other than the uucp user uses it. */
#define HAVE_SAVED_SETUID 1
-/* On some systems, such as the DG Aviion and, possibly, the RS/6000,
- the setreuid function is broken. It should be possible to use
- setreuid to swap the real and effective user ID's, but on some
- systems it will not change the real user ID (I believe this is due
- to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On such a system you must
- set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do not, you will get error
- messages from setreuid. Systems on which setreuid exists but is
- broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
+/* On some systems, such as 4.4BSD-Lite, NetBSD, the DG Aviion and,
+ possibly, the RS/6000, the setreuid function is broken. It should
+ be possible to use setreuid to swap the real and effective user
+ ID's, but on some systems it will not change the real user ID (I
+ believe this is due to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On
+ such a system you must set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do
+ not, you will get error messages from setreuid. Systems on which
+ setreuid exists but is broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
#define HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID 0
/* On a few systems, such as NextStep 3.3, the POSIX macro F_SETLKW is
diff -ur uucp-1.06/trans.c uucp-1.06.1/trans.c
--- uucp-1.06/trans.c Thu Aug 10 22:46:40 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/trans.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:39 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.40 1995/08/11 02:43:32 ian Rel $";
+const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.41 1995/08/17 01:25:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <errno.h>
@@ -381,6 +381,7 @@
q->s.znotify = NULL;
q->s.zcmd = NULL;
}
+ q->zlog = NULL;
q->isecs = 0;
q->imicros = 0;
q->cbytes = 0;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c
--- uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c Wed Aug 9 21:00:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c Sun Aug 20 15:30:48 1995
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@
#include "sysdep.h"
#include <errno.h>
+
+/* NetBSD apparently does not support setuid as required by POSIX when
+ using saved setuid, so use seteuid instead. */
+
+#if HAVE_SETEUID
+#define setuid seteuid
+#endif
/* Switch to permissions of the invoking user. */
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucico.c uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucico.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:43 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.190 1995/06/29 19:35:59 ian Rel $";
+const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.192 1995/08/17 02:03:35 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
static int iuport_lock P((struct uuconf_port *qport, pointer pinfo));
static boolean flogin_prompt P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, struct sconnection *qconn,
- const char *zlogin));
+ const char *zlogin, const char **pzsystem));
static int icallin_cmp P((int iwhich, pointer pinfo, const char *zfile));
static boolean faccept_call P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, const char *zlogin,
@@ -693,7 +693,8 @@
{
while (! FGOT_SIGNAL ()
&& flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- (const char *) NULL))
+ (const char *) NULL,
+ (const char **) NULL))
{
/* Close and reopen the port in between calls. */
if (! fconn_close (&sconn, puuconf,
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@
{
if (flogin)
fret = flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- zlogin);
+ zlogin, &zsystem);
else
{
#if DEBUG > 1
@@ -1708,12 +1709,13 @@
/* Prompt for a login name and a password, and run as the slave. */
static boolean
-flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin)
+flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin, pzsystem)
pointer puuconf;
const char *zconfig;
boolean fuuxqt;
struct sconnection *qconn;
const char *zlogin;
+ const char **pzsystem;
{
int iuuconf;
int istrip;
@@ -1722,6 +1724,9 @@
boolean fret;
struct scallin_info s;
+ if (pzsystem != NULL)
+ *pzsystem = NULL;
+
DEBUG_MESSAGE0 (DEBUG_HANDSHAKE, "flogin_prompt: Waiting for login");
iuuconf = uuconf_strip (puuconf, &istrip);
@@ -1790,8 +1795,7 @@
#if DEBUG > 1
iholddebug = iDebug;
#endif
- (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn,
- (const char **) NULL);
+ (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn, pzsystem);
#if DEBUG > 1
iDebug = iholddebug;
#endif
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uuconf.h uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h
--- uucp-1.06/uuconf.h Wed Aug 9 20:59:10 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h Sun Aug 20 15:29:44 1995
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
#define UUCONF_GRADE_LOW ('z')
/* Whether a character is a legal grade (requires <ctype.h>). */
-#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum ((unsigned) (b)))
+#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum (BUCHAR (b)))
/* Return < 0 if the first grade should be done before the second
grade, == 0 if they are the same, or > 0 if the first grade should
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.c uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:46 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.63 1995/08/02 01:22:53 ian Rel $";
+const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.64 1995/08/20 19:21:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -277,7 +277,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade)
+ || ((bCgrade < '0' || bCgrade > '9')
+ && (bCgrade < 'a' || bCgrade > 'z')
+ && (bCgrade < 'A' || bCgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bCgrade = BDEFAULT_UUCP_GRADE;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.texi uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.texi Wed Aug 9 20:59:16 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi Sun Aug 20 15:29:51 1995
@@ -5649,8 +5649,8 @@
Approved: news-answers-request@@MIT.Edu
Archive-name: uucp-internals
-Version: $Revision: 1.108 $
-Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/02 01:35:25 $
+Version: $Revision: 1.109 $
+Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/20 03:32:59 $
@end format
@end ifset
@@ -8288,6 +8288,7 @@
@code{tbr@@tfic.bc.ca} (Tom Rushworth)
@code{jsacco@@ssl.com} (Joseph E. Sacco)
@code{rsalz@@bbn.com} (Rich Salz)
+Curt Sampson @code{<curt@@portal.ca>}
@code{sojurn!mike@@hobbes.cert.sei.cmu.edu} (Mike Sangrey)
Nickolay Saukh @code{<nms@@ussr.EU.net>}
@code{heiko@@lotte.sax.de} (Heiko Schlittermann)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uux.c uucp-1.06.1/uux.c
--- uucp-1.06/uux.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:22 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uux.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:57 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.81 1995/08/02 01:25:17 ian Rel $";
+const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.82 1995/08/20 19:21:42 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include "uudefs.h"
@@ -336,7 +336,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade)
+ || ((bXgrade < '0' || bXgrade > '9')
+ && (bXgrade < 'a' || bXgrade > 'z')
+ && (bXgrade < 'A' || bXgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bXgrade = BDEFAULT_UUX_GRADE;
[ Most GNU software is packed using the GNU `gzip' compression program.
Source code is available on most sites distributing GNU software.
For information on how to order GNU software on tape, floppy or cd-rom, or
printed GNU manuals, check the file etc/ORDERS in the GNU Emacs
distribution, ftp the file /pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ORDERS on prep, or
e-mail a request to: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
By ordering your GNU software from the FSF, you help us continue to
develop more free software. Media revenues are our primary source of
support. Donations to FSF are deductible on US tax returns.
The above software will soon be at these ftp sites as well.
Please try them before prep.ai.mit.edu as prep is very busy!
thanx -gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
ASIA: ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp, utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:/ftpsync/prep,
cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr:/pub/gnu, ftp.nectec.or.th:/pub/mirrors/gnu
AUSTRALIA: archie.au:/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet)
AFRICA: ftp.sun.ac.za:/pub/gnu
MIDDLE-EAST: ftp.technion.ac.il:/pub/unsupported/gnu
EUROPE: irisa.irisa.fr:/pub/gnu, ftp.univ-lyon1.fr:pub/gnu,
ftp.mcc.ac.uk, unix.hensa.ac.uk:/mirrors/uunet/systems/gnu,
src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu, ftp.ieunet.ie:pub/gnu, ftp.eunet.ch,
nic.switch.ch:/mirror/gnu, ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de:/pub/gnu,
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de, ftp.win.tue.nl:/pub/gnu,
ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es:/pub/gnu ftp.funet.fi:/pub/gnu, ftp.denet.dk,
ftp.stacken.kth.se, isy.liu.se, ftp.luth.se:/pub/unix/gnu,
ftp.sunet.se:/pub/gnu, archive.eu.net
SOUTH AMERICA: ftp.inf.utfsm.cl:/pub/gnu, ftp.unicamp.br:/pub/gnu
WESTERN CANADA: ftp.cs.ubc.ca:/mirror2/gnu
USA: wuarchive.wustl.edu:/systems/gnu, labrea.stanford.edu,
ftp.digex.net:/pub/gnu, ftp.kpc.com:/pub/mirror/gnu, f.ms.uky.edu:/pub3/gnu,
jaguar.utah.edu:/gnustuff, ftp.hawaii.edu:/mirrors/gnu,
uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu:/pub/gnu, ftp.cs.columbia.edu:/archives/gnu/prep,
col.hp.com:/mirrors/gnu, gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/GNU,
ftp.uu.net:/systems/gnu
]
unix.961postmast,
From: sale@caa.co.yu (Aleksandar Olujic)
Subject: Re: X & winsocka : moze li?
Date: Tue, 12 Sep 1995 21:21:09 GMT
Nik Malenovic (malenovi@cview.com) wrote:
: > Imam ja neki 8Mb Chamalenon.tar.gz, pa cu probam i javim, cim stignem.
: >Podrzava sve zivo, PPP/SLIP/ISDN/eth........
: na zalost ne podrzava NFS i X - pardon greska - podrzava ga Netmanage
: software ali ne i ta verzija koju imas (imamo ;-). daklem, NFS client/server
: je available za neku paru, isto tako i sa Xom. nazalost neznam sta od Xa
: ulazi u cenu :( samo sve da bi kupio - tcp/ip, aplikacije, NFS cli/serv
: i X - treba ti oko 1500$ po macihni - ne mozes da koristis istu licencu
: za vise od jedne machine na mrezi (ethernet i slicno).
na ethernetu moze da radi vise nfs klijenta i sa jednom kopijom
nfs paketa, ako ostalim klonovima (klijentima) malo promjenis DNK ;)
sale
unix.962postmast,
From: drazen@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu (Drazen Pantic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 1995 00:08:21 GMT
"Aleksandar Nikolajevic" <banga@sezam.UUCP> wrote:
>> Moze, ali sa SLIP/PPP protokolom ili emulacijom istoga.
>Mislio sam na twinsock. Kod mailcheck-a mi javlja connection refused
>[10061]. Send mail radi normalno.
U [Configurations] sekciju fajla eudora.ini dodaj liniju
POPPort=109
i sve ce biti OK.
Pl poz D
unix.963postmast,
From: malenovi@cview.com (Nik Malenovic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Fri, 8 Sep 1995 00:10:40 GMT
In article <sezam$unix:01.054.2902@sezam>,
Milan Markovic <marcony@sezam.UUCP> wrote:
>Ako neko poseduje izvorni kod programa za rlogin server na UNIX-u (BSD
>, SCO ...) Molim da mi ga prosledi na marcony@sezam.co.yu ili
>na marcony@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu. Bilo kakva korisna informacija o tome
>gde bih mogao da nadjem izvorni kod je dobrodosla.
>Hvala!!!
uh evo ga jos jedan novi haker ;-) dobro nisi pitao "jeli kako se registruje
time stamp na tcp/ip paketima" ;-) da bar znamo odma sta ti treba :-))))))
salu na stranu - uzmes lepo Linux ili FreeBSD od nekoga, i ako je
freebsd pogledas /usr/src/usr.bin/rlogin/* i sredis celu stvar.
Nik
--
sin.com - Proudly running FreeBSD 2.0.5 486DX2/50 32 Mb RAM 1.5Gb SCSI
Look at what Linux did - it made everyone aware of Unices, but it has put
back the development of Unix-based OS for decades to come. Dont' ask what
your PC can do for you, but what you can do for your PC - nuke Linux!
unix.964sir.oracle,
Postavljam ovo pitanje svima koji poznaju sledecu problematiku, a pre svega
Payi (Pekovicu) i Zarku (Berberskom):
Posto sam odustovao od mount-ovanja ne-scsi cdroma i konfigurisao adapec 2940
sa toshibom 3501(4x) i uspesno pristupio cd-u i ISO9660 formatu na kojem se
nalaze sco unix programi pojavio se sledeci problem:
Fajlovi su svi u uppercase-u a fajlovi bez ekstenzije (programi i shell
skripte) imaju sufiks . npr make izgleda ovako: MAKE. (ova tacka je deo imena)
E sad, ja bih i mogao da startujem program sa npr /cd/BIN/MAKE. da programi
koji su na cd-u koriste datoteke koje su na cd-u i koje su takodje u
uppercase-u i stalno javlja da ih ne moze naci. Kada se sve prekopira na hard i
prebaci u lower case. Problem je sto ima puno megabajta doticnih fajlova.
PRETPOSTAVLJAM DA NISAM KOREKTNO MOUNT-ovao CD U ISO9660 FORMATU.
DA LI NEKO ZNA KAKO SE TO RADI (KOJE KOMANDE, PARAMETRI, FILESISTEM ?) U CILJU
DOBIJANJA SVIH FILEOVA U LOWER CASE-u.
F1 :)
unix.965banga,
-> #962, postmast> U [Configurations] sekciju fajla eudora.ini dodaj liniju
> POPPort=109
> i sve ce biti OK.
> Pl poz D
Hvala ti, ali proradilo je sa default POPPortom 110, kad su na osmehu
instalirali POP3 server :)
Na telekom.etf to jos uvek ne radi ni sa 109 ni sa 110 :(
Nadam se da neko sa TELEKOM-a cita ovo.
^^^^^^^
Uzgred tvoja poruka je "putovala" sa fon-a na sezam 9 dana.
^^^^^^
unix.966ddobic,
Imam dva problema sa stampacima pod XENIX-om.
1. Stampac OLIVETTI DM 309L vezan za 286 masinu preko paralelnog porta.
- kada se na masini podigne DOS stampac radi normalno;
- kada se podigne pod XENIX-om ni da bekne. Probao sam da dam
date>/dev/lp0 ali onda dodje do kocenja i taj proces ne mogu da
ubijem ni sa kill -9. Kada resetujem racunar a stampac ostavim ukljucen,
prilikom podizanja pod XENIX-om stampac reaguje (cuje se pomeranje glave).
Na istoj masini drugi stampaci normalno rade pod XENIX-om. I ovaj stampac
je dobro radio dok nije bio na servisu. Najvise me buni sto pod DOS-om
radi bez problema.
2. Stampac FUJITCU DL 5600 ranije bio prikacen na OLIVETTI M380 i dobro
radio pod XENIX-om 386. Prebacen na 486DX100 (isto XENIX 386) pravi
probleme kod nekih izvestaja. Prvih desetak redova stampa normalno
a onda pocne da kilavi. Izbaci jedan red pa misli sekundu pa drugi red
pa opet misli. Ovo se obicno desava kod izvestaja koji imaju vise od
100-tinak znakova u liniji. Istu stampu na istom racunaru ali pod DOS-om
stampa bez ikakvog zadrzavanja. Postujuci preporuku iz Administrator
guide-a napravio sam /dev/lp0p ali to nije nista pomoglo.
Pomagajte ako imate neku ideju. Dragoslav
unix.967alexr,
-> #964, sir.oracle> Postavljam ovo pitanje svima koji poznaju sledecu problematiku, a pre svega
> Payi (Pekovicu) i Zarku (Berberskom):
> Posto sam odustovao od mount-ovanja ne-scsi cdroma i konfigurisao adapec
> 2940 sa toshibom 3501(4x) i uspesno pristupio cd-u i ISO9660 formatu na
> kojem se nalaze sco unix programi pojavio se sledeci problem:
> Fajlovi su svi u uppercase-u a fajlovi bez ekstenzije (programi i shell
> skripte) imaju sufiks . npr make izgleda ovako: MAKE. (ova tacka je deo
> imena) E sad, ja bih i mogao da startujem program sa npr /cd/BIN/MAKE. da
> programi koji su na cd-u koriste datoteke koje su na cd-u i koje su takodje
> u uppercase-u i stalno javlja da ih ne moze naci. Kada se sve prekopira na
> hard i prebaci u lower case. Problem je sto ima puno megabajta doticnih
> fajlova. PRETPOSTAVLJAM DA NISAM KOREKTNO MOUNT-ovao CD U ISO9660 FORMATU.
>
> DA LI NEKO ZNA KAKO SE TO RADI (KOJE KOMANDE, PARAMETRI, FILESISTEM ?) U
> CILJU DOBIJANJA SVIH FILEOVA U LOWER CASE-u.
Nisi naveo koju verziju Unix-a koristiš, ali ako se radi o SCO UNIX-u 4.X
ili ODT-u ovo bi trebalo da reši tvoje probleme :
"Dear SCO Customer,
The enclosed Support Level Supplement (SLS) UOD374A provides a new
High-Sierra filesystem driver that addresses the following issues:
(1) Allows execution of binary programs that lie on a mounted
High-Sierra filesystem CD-ROM.
(2) Provides an option to remove the trailing dot from High-Sierra
filenames that do not contain a 3-letter extension. To prevent
the trailing dot, use the option '-fHS,lower' to mount(ADM).
SLS UOD374A will only install on SCO UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 Version
4.0, 4.1, 4.2, and SCO Open Desktop Release 2.0 and 3.0 systems.
NOTE: If you intend to install SLS NET362B, then SLS UOD374A must be
installed after NET362B. NET362B provides support for mounting
High-Sierra filesystems across SCO NFS Release 1.2.0. An upcoming
SLS is scheduled to provide the functionality of NET362B for SCO NFS
Release 1.2.1 -- this upcoming SLS may be installed before or after
UOD374A. "
uod374a.zipunix.968postmast,
From: zoranp@fon (Zoran Petrovic)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Tue, 19 Sep 1995 05:46:20 GMT
Branislav Petkovic (sir.oracle@sezam.UUCP) wrote:
> Postavljam ovo pitanje svima koji poznaju sledecu problematiku, a pre svega
> Payi (Pekovicu) i Zarku (Berberskom):
Moze i neko drugi ?
> Posto sam odustovao od mount-ovanja ne-scsi cdroma i konfigurisao adapec 2940
> sa toshibom 3501(4x) i uspesno pristupio cd-u i ISO9660 formatu na kojem se
> nalaze sco unix programi pojavio se sledeci problem:
> DA LI NEKO ZNA KAKO SE TO RADI (KOJE KOMANDE, PARAMETRI, FILESISTEM ?) U CILJU
> DOBIJANJA SVIH FILEOVA U LOWER CASE-u.
Moze :
mount -r -f HS,lower,version /dev/cd0 /cdrom
Za jos delikatnije slucajeve, ako hoces sada taj cd-rom da ti se vidi i na DOS
radnim stanicama, mount-ovanje preko NFS-a, pa jos ako ides i preko
nekog gateway-a ( ja recimo imam 4 EISA 3COM 579 kartice ) moras dodati
i jedno
mount -r -f HS,lower,version,rsize=1024,wsize=1024 /dec/cd0 /cdrom
Naime za NFS je "vazno" da ako stanica nije na datom trunk-u na kome se
nalazi i mount point ( ili tacka ) bude specificiran rsize i wsize.
Konkretan primer startovanja svih programa sa SkunkWarea-a 2.0 radi kod mene.
WWW i ostalo. Za one koji ne znaju Skunkware se dobija na kompakt disku
koji se u USA dobija za dzabe ( posaljes e-mail ) a kod nas se moze naci.
To je ustvari kolekcija programa za SCO UNIX ( OSE ODT ).
--
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zoran V. Petrovic IRITEL zoranp@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu
epetrovi@ubbg.etf.bg.ac.yu
unix.969spantic,
Srećna vest!
Novell je prodao UNIX!
I to SCO-u.
unix.970bulaja,
-> #969, spantic│Srećna vest!
│Novell je prodao UNIX!
│I to SCO-u.
└───
Opaa, izgleda da se nešto kuva, možda im treba im lova za neku
kupovinu :). Zna li neko iznos transakcije, pa da pretpostavljamo
šta se može kupiti sa to (možda čak i Warp, ako IBM već hoće da
ga proda:).
unix.971spantic,
-> #970, bulaja> kupovinu :). Zna li neko iznos transakcije, pa da pretpostavljamo
> šta se može kupiti sa to (možda čak i Warp, ako IBM već hoće da
> ga proda:).
Ako me neko ne pretekne, poslaću čim stignem da skinem
detaljne vesti.
unix.972vcalic,
-> #969, spantic>> Srećna vest!
>>
>> Novell je prodao UNIX!
>>
>> I to SCO-u.
He, a kad se setimo ko drži SCO... ;)) Znači, uskoro se najavljuje
Unix 97 ;)
Vlada
unix.973vitez.koja,
-> #972, vcalic#=> He, a kad se setimo ko drži SCO... ;)) Znači, uskoro se
#=> najavljuje Unix 97 ;)
Sco Unix for Windows 95, pravi 32-bitni ;))
unix.974kile,
-> #970, bulaja>> Opaa, izgleda da se nešto kuva, ...
Kuva se, i to veeeliko... :>
unix.976postmast,
From: eotek@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Radojevic)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 18:22:22 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
: gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
: Dragoljub
ln -s /home/ftp/pub /home/gopher/data/pub
ili kako su vec dirovi rasporedjeni :)
unix.977postmast,
From: miroslav@yucca.co.yu (Miroslav Hristodulo)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 13:20:54 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) :
>> Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
>> gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Prosto. Kreiraj link na pub direktorijum. Na
primer ovako:
ln -s /home/ftp/pub "Anonymous FTP"
Kvaka 22 je u tome da onda gopher server moras
da startujes sa -c opcijom, sto znaci da ne radis
chroot pre nego sto udjes u gopher dir.
Nadam se da je jasno...
--
Miroslav R. Hristodulo
<miroslav@yucca.co.yu>
unix.978postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: xmsdos-0.1.6, a VFAT filesystem for Linux
Date: Sat, 16 Sep 1995 05:02:14 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.announce ]
[ Author was Gordon Chaffee ]
[ Posted on Sun, 10 Sep 95 13:54:35 GMT ]
Release: xmsdos 0.1.6
This is an alpha release of xmsdos, a VFAT filesystem that
can handle Windows 95 and Windows NT long filenames. Be warned, it may do
irrepairable damage to your directories and your disk. Most likely, it
won't. If you mount the filesystems as read-only, you shouldn't have
anything to worry about. It was tested on Linux 1.3.x and Windows NT 3.5.
It does not work on NTFS partitions.
Where to get:
mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu:/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/xmsdos-0.1.6.tgz
How to use:
Until the system is stable, the filesystem is called xmsdos.
When the filesystem is stable, I would hope that it may replace the
msdos filesystem. In order for that to happen, quite a bit more work
and integration needs to occur.
To load the filesystem:
insmod xmsdos.o
To mount a floppy:
mount -t xmsdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
Things to note:
If you use non-ASCII characters on Windows NT in a filename, you
will be unable to retrieve that file. Right now, this has not been
tested at all, so the results are unpredictable.
The makefile has -CCONFIG_MODVERSIONS turned on. If your kernel
is built without this on, you'll need to remove this from the Makefile.
If you find bugs, please send mail to chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu.
Please specify the filename and the operation that gave you trouble.
Acknowledgements:
Thanks to Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cs.rochester.edu> for the very useful
information he provided on creating the short filename checksum and the
structure of the long filenames.
Thanks to Michael R. Gile <gilem@rpi.edu> for his information about
the case bits for the DOS filename entry and his excellent bug reports.
Thanks to Gilles Vollant <100144.2636@compuserve.com> for telling me
what was broken in the 1.3.x kernels. Gilles wrote doslfn, a package
with the same functionality as xmsdos. We intend to work together to
create an excellent combined package.
Thanks to Steve Searle <steve@mgu.bath.ac.uk> for finding a bunch of
problems with certain filenames under Windows 95. He provided fixes
and changes to the filesystem to make it work much more like the
Windows 95 implementation.
Additional thanks to Alain Knaff <Alain.Knaff@imag.fr> and
David C. Niemi <niemidc@clark.net> for comments in email discussions.
Gordon Chaffee
chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu
--
Send comp.os.linux.announce submissions to: linux-announce@news.ornl.gov
PLEASE remember a short description of the software.
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
unix.979postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: UUCP 1.06.1
Date: Sun, 17 Sep 1995 06:45:03 GMT
[ Article crossposted from gnu.announce,gnu.utils.bug,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.mail.uucp ]
[ Author was Ian Lance Taylor (ian@airs.com) ]
[ Posted on Wed, 13 Sep 1995 10:13:11 -0400 ]
UUCP 1.06 unfortunately had a serious bug, so I have decided to
release version 1.06.1. I urge everybody who has already picked up
1.06 to upgrade to 1.06.1. The diffs from 1.06 are small, so I have
included them in this message (they are also available from prep).
The complete 1.06.1 tar distribution is available from
prep.ai.mit.edu, and all the usual mirror sites. I apologize for any
inconvenience.
--
Ian Taylor | ian@airs.com | First to identify quote wins free e-mail message:
``[I]n Paris, for example, in 1660 there were 103 holidays in the year.''
diff -ur uucp-1.06/ChangeLog uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog
--- uucp-1.06/ChangeLog Thu Aug 10 23:35:01 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog Sun Aug 20 15:29:15 1995
@@ -1,3 +1,33 @@
+Sun Aug 20 15:12:36 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * Released version 1.06.1.
+
+ * uux.c (main): Make sure that the grade is between '0' and '9',
+ or 'a' and 'z', or 'A' and 'Z', in case isalnum accepts other
+ characters.
+ * uucp.c (main): Likewise.
+
+Sat Aug 19 23:15:21 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * configure.in: Check for seteuid.
+ * configure: Rebuild.
+ * config.h.in (HAVE_SETEUID): Define.
+ * unix/uid.c: If HAVE_SETEUID is defined, use seteuid rather than
+ setuid.
+ * policy.h: Change HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID comment to mention that it
+ does not work on 4.4BSD-Lite and NetBSD.
+
+ * Andrey A. Chernov: uuconf.h (UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL): Use BUCHAR.
+
+Wed Aug 16 21:23:39 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * uucico.c (flogin_prompt): Add pzsystem parameter, and pass it to
+ faccept_call. Change all callers.
+
+ * trans.c (qtransalc): Clear zlog field.
+
+ * Makefile.in (VERSION): Change to 1.06.1.
+
Thu Aug 10 22:42:53 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
* Released version 1.06.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/Makefile.in uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in
--- uucp-1.06/Makefile.in Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
SHELL = /bin/sh
-VERSION = 1.06
+VERSION = 1.06.1
MORECFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir) -DOWNER=\"$(owner)\" -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(UUDIRFLAGS)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/config.h.in uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in
--- uucp-1.06/config.h.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:47 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:21 1995
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@
#define HAVE_WAIT4 0
#define HAVE_GLOB 0
#define HAVE_SETREUID 0
+#define HAVE_SETEUID 0
/* There are several functions which are replaced in the subdirectory
lib. If they are missing, the configure script will automatically
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure.in uucp-1.06.1/configure.in
--- uucp-1.06/configure.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:48 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:22 1995
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
dnl This should be processed with autoconf to produce a configure script.
dnl Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Ian Lance Taylor
dnl
-AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel $])
+AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel $])
AC_INIT(policy.h)
AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
AC_PREFIX_PROGRAM(gcc)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(remove ftruncate ltrunc rename opendir dup2 waitpid wait4)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigsetjmp setret sigaction sigvec sigset)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigprocmask sigblock sighold getdtablesize sysconf)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(gettimeofday ftw glob dev_info)
dnl Check for getline, but not in -linet, since ISC has an
dnl incompatible version there.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure uucp-1.06.1/configure
--- uucp-1.06/configure Wed Aug 9 21:01:30 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure Sun Aug 20 15:32:04 1995
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#! /bin/sh
-# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel
+# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated automatically using autoconf version 2.4
# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2606,7 +2606,7 @@
fi
done
-for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname
+for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname
do
echo $ac_n "checking for $ac_func""... $ac_c" 1>&6
if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_func_$ac_func'+set}'`\" = set"; then
diff -ur uucp-1.06/policy.h uucp-1.06.1/policy.h
--- uucp-1.06/policy.h Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/policy.h Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
other than the uucp user uses it. */
#define HAVE_SAVED_SETUID 1
-/* On some systems, such as the DG Aviion and, possibly, the RS/6000,
- the setreuid function is broken. It should be possible to use
- setreuid to swap the real and effective user ID's, but on some
- systems it will not change the real user ID (I believe this is due
- to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On such a system you must
- set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do not, you will get error
- messages from setreuid. Systems on which setreuid exists but is
- broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
+/* On some systems, such as 4.4BSD-Lite, NetBSD, the DG Aviion and,
+ possibly, the RS/6000, the setreuid function is broken. It should
+ be possible to use setreuid to swap the real and effective user
+ ID's, but on some systems it will not change the real user ID (I
+ believe this is due to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On
+ such a system you must set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do
+ not, you will get error messages from setreuid. Systems on which
+ setreuid exists but is broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
#define HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID 0
/* On a few systems, such as NextStep 3.3, the POSIX macro F_SETLKW is
diff -ur uucp-1.06/trans.c uucp-1.06.1/trans.c
--- uucp-1.06/trans.c Thu Aug 10 22:46:40 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/trans.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:39 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.40 1995/08/11 02:43:32 ian Rel $";
+const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.41 1995/08/17 01:25:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <errno.h>
@@ -381,6 +381,7 @@
q->s.znotify = NULL;
q->s.zcmd = NULL;
}
+ q->zlog = NULL;
q->isecs = 0;
q->imicros = 0;
q->cbytes = 0;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c
--- uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c Wed Aug 9 21:00:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c Sun Aug 20 15:30:48 1995
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@
#include "sysdep.h"
#include <errno.h>
+
+/* NetBSD apparently does not support setuid as required by POSIX when
+ using saved setuid, so use seteuid instead. */
+
+#if HAVE_SETEUID
+#define setuid seteuid
+#endif
/* Switch to permissions of the invoking user. */
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucico.c uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucico.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:43 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.190 1995/06/29 19:35:59 ian Rel $";
+const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.192 1995/08/17 02:03:35 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
static int iuport_lock P((struct uuconf_port *qport, pointer pinfo));
static boolean flogin_prompt P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, struct sconnection *qconn,
- const char *zlogin));
+ const char *zlogin, const char **pzsystem));
static int icallin_cmp P((int iwhich, pointer pinfo, const char *zfile));
static boolean faccept_call P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, const char *zlogin,
@@ -693,7 +693,8 @@
{
while (! FGOT_SIGNAL ()
&& flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- (const char *) NULL))
+ (const char *) NULL,
+ (const char **) NULL))
{
/* Close and reopen the port in between calls. */
if (! fconn_close (&sconn, puuconf,
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@
{
if (flogin)
fret = flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- zlogin);
+ zlogin, &zsystem);
else
{
#if DEBUG > 1
@@ -1708,12 +1709,13 @@
/* Prompt for a login name and a password, and run as the slave. */
static boolean
-flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin)
+flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin, pzsystem)
pointer puuconf;
const char *zconfig;
boolean fuuxqt;
struct sconnection *qconn;
const char *zlogin;
+ const char **pzsystem;
{
int iuuconf;
int istrip;
@@ -1722,6 +1724,9 @@
boolean fret;
struct scallin_info s;
+ if (pzsystem != NULL)
+ *pzsystem = NULL;
+
DEBUG_MESSAGE0 (DEBUG_HANDSHAKE, "flogin_prompt: Waiting for login");
iuuconf = uuconf_strip (puuconf, &istrip);
@@ -1790,8 +1795,7 @@
#if DEBUG > 1
iholddebug = iDebug;
#endif
- (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn,
- (const char **) NULL);
+ (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn, pzsystem);
#if DEBUG > 1
iDebug = iholddebug;
#endif
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uuconf.h uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h
--- uucp-1.06/uuconf.h Wed Aug 9 20:59:10 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h Sun Aug 20 15:29:44 1995
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
#define UUCONF_GRADE_LOW ('z')
/* Whether a character is a legal grade (requires <ctype.h>). */
-#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum ((unsigned) (b)))
+#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum (BUCHAR (b)))
/* Return < 0 if the first grade should be done before the second
grade, == 0 if they are the same, or > 0 if the first grade should
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.c uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:46 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.63 1995/08/02 01:22:53 ian Rel $";
+const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.64 1995/08/20 19:21:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -277,7 +277,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade)
+ || ((bCgrade < '0' || bCgrade > '9')
+ && (bCgrade < 'a' || bCgrade > 'z')
+ && (bCgrade < 'A' || bCgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bCgrade = BDEFAULT_UUCP_GRADE;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.texi uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.texi Wed Aug 9 20:59:16 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi Sun Aug 20 15:29:51 1995
@@ -5649,8 +5649,8 @@
Approved: news-answers-request@@MIT.Edu
Archive-name: uucp-internals
-Version: $Revision: 1.108 $
-Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/02 01:35:25 $
+Version: $Revision: 1.109 $
+Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/20 03:32:59 $
@end format
@end ifset
@@ -8288,6 +8288,7 @@
@code{tbr@@tfic.bc.ca} (Tom Rushworth)
@code{jsacco@@ssl.com} (Joseph E. Sacco)
@code{rsalz@@bbn.com} (Rich Salz)
+Curt Sampson @code{<curt@@portal.ca>}
@code{sojurn!mike@@hobbes.cert.sei.cmu.edu} (Mike Sangrey)
Nickolay Saukh @code{<nms@@ussr.EU.net>}
@code{heiko@@lotte.sax.de} (Heiko Schlittermann)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uux.c uucp-1.06.1/uux.c
--- uucp-1.06/uux.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:22 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uux.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:57 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.81 1995/08/02 01:25:17 ian Rel $";
+const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.82 1995/08/20 19:21:42 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include "uudefs.h"
@@ -336,7 +336,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade)
+ || ((bXgrade < '0' || bXgrade > '9')
+ && (bXgrade < 'a' || bXgrade > 'z')
+ && (bXgrade < 'A' || bXgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bXgrade = BDEFAULT_UUX_GRADE;
[ Most GNU software is packed using the GNU `gzip' compression program.
Source code is available on most sites distributing GNU software.
For information on how to order GNU software on tape, floppy or cd-rom, or
printed GNU manuals, check the file etc/ORDERS in the GNU Emacs
distribution, ftp the file /pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ORDERS on prep, or
e-mail a request to: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
By ordering your GNU software from the FSF, you help us continue to
develop more free software. Media revenues are our primary source of
support. Donations to FSF are deductible on US tax returns.
The above software will soon be at these ftp sites as well.
Please try them before prep.ai.mit.edu as prep is very busy!
thanx -gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
ASIA: ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp, utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:/ftpsync/prep,
cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr:/pub/gnu, ftp.nectec.or.th:/pub/mirrors/gnu
AUSTRALIA: archie.au:/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet)
AFRICA: ftp.sun.ac.za:/pub/gnu
MIDDLE-EAST: ftp.technion.ac.il:/pub/unsupported/gnu
EUROPE: irisa.irisa.fr:/pub/gnu, ftp.univ-lyon1.fr:pub/gnu,
ftp.mcc.ac.uk, unix.hensa.ac.uk:/mirrors/uunet/systems/gnu,
src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu, ftp.ieunet.ie:pub/gnu, ftp.eunet.ch,
nic.switch.ch:/mirror/gnu, ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de:/pub/gnu,
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de, ftp.win.tue.nl:/pub/gnu,
ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es:/pub/gnu ftp.funet.fi:/pub/gnu, ftp.denet.dk,
ftp.stacken.kth.se, isy.liu.se, ftp.luth.se:/pub/unix/gnu,
ftp.sunet.se:/pub/gnu, archive.eu.net
SOUTH AMERICA: ftp.inf.utfsm.cl:/pub/gnu, ftp.unicamp.br:/pub/gnu
WESTERN CANADA: ftp.cs.ubc.ca:/mirror2/gnu
USA: wuarchive.wustl.edu:/systems/gnu, labrea.stanford.edu,
ftp.digex.net:/pub/gnu, ftp.kpc.com:/pub/mirror/gnu, f.ms.uky.edu:/pub3/gnu,
jaguar.utah.edu:/gnustuff, ftp.hawaii.edu:/mirrors/gnu,
uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu:/pub/gnu, ftp.cs.columbia.edu:/archives/gnu/prep,
col.hp.com:/mirrors/gnu, gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/GNU,
ftp.uu.net:/systems/gnu
]
unix.980postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Letter to judge (Randal)
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 22:57:04 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix ]
[ Author was Lyle Settle ]
[ Posted on Sat, 2 Sep 1995 20:47:37 GMT ]
I am a friend of Randal Schwartz.
Following is my letter to Judge Bonebrake requesting
leniency in Randal's sentence.
I hope that all who have received benefits from Randal will
write letters of support. Please send your signed letter to:
Marc Sussman, Attorney at Law
New Market Way
135 S.W. Ash, Suite 600
Portland, OR 97204
(503) 221-0520
(503) 221-1908 (fax)
email: larryo@teleport.com
Many thanks, Lyle
==============================================================
Lyle Settle Writing Services
249 N 9th Street
San Jose, CA 95112
(408) 293-5757
Friday, August 25, 1995
The Honorable Alan C. Bonebrake
Circuit Court Judge
300 Washington County Courthouse
145 NE 2nd
Hillsboro, OR 97124
Dear Judge Bonebrake:
RE: State of Oregon v. Randal Schwartz
Washington County Circuit Court Case No. C94-0322CR
The purpose of this letter is to urge your consideration
of mitigating factors in the
sentencing of Randal Schwartz on September 11, 1995. As I
testified at his trial, I hold Randal in very high regard for
his prodigious technical skills, his integrity, his
truthfulness, his endearing personal qualities, and his
contributions to society. I have never known Randal to be
impolite, dishonest, dishonorable, envious of others,
perverse, or malicious in any way. Rather he has been a great
help to his fellow workers, to the companies he and they
served, and to hundreds of people worldwide.
First, permit me to reintroduce myself. I am 70 years of
age. At my expense I made the trip from my home in San Jose,
California, to appear as the last witness in Randal`s
defense. I have worked as a technical writer in the
computing business since 1962 and am currently employed as
Technical Writing Consultant for Visa International in San
Mateo, California. Attached is my current resume.
I have known Randal since 1978. We have worked together on
two jobs totaling about six years. On these jobs we worked
closely together for about 1,300 days. Although we are no
longer working together, I see Randal several times a year
when he visits the San Francisco Bay Area to teach Perl
classes.
I recruited the sixteen-year old Randal for my technical
writing team at Tektronix in 1978, where he performed
outstandingly--far beyond the call of duty and far beyond the
requirements stated in his job description. In my opinion, he
did the work of three ordinary people. He produced astounding
results that benefited Tektronix and the people around him.
Permit me to itemize (*) some of his accomplishments.
*****Randal received a division-level award for his
contribution that brought Tektronix $9,000,000 in revenue.
This was the opinion told to me by Mike Maerz, then Tek`s
Business Unit Manager and now an Intel Vice President. You
may recall seeing the plaque that Tek gave to Randal in
recognition of this contribution.
*****Randal created the department`s word processing and
automatic typesetting systems. The systems greatly improved
the productivity of about 30 writers. Furthermore, he
maintained the system in perfect working order through
several changes of equipment. All of this he did before the
days of desktop publishing. For its time Randal`s system was
a big accomplishment, especially when one realizes that he
did this in on top of his heavy workload of assigned duties.
*****Randal served as project leader on several books. Three
of his books won awards from the Society for Technical
Communication. Moreover, one of the Hughes companies
selected Tek as their vendor of choice because they liked
Randal`s books better than those of other vendors selling
competing products.
*****I left Tektronix in 1982 to join Tandem Computers, where
I worked for ten years. In 1985 I recruited Randal as
principal technical consultant and co-author of Tandem`s
Security Administration Guide . The guide was a required
document for the Department of Defense`s security
certification program.
*****A requirement of the Security Administration Guide was
that it itemize all possible avenues of intrusion into Tandem
systems and that it explain how to prevent such intrusions.
Digging into the bowels of the Tandem system, Randal found
several previously unknown avenues of intrusion. Some of
these Tandem could fix (and did). Others required special
security software tailored to the customer`s configuration
and security policy. To help customers, Randal created
software that system administrators could adapt to their
particular systems. The Security Administration Guide was a
great addition to Tandem`s library, eliciting dozens of
appreciative letters from Tandem customers and Tandem support
people around the world. The Defense Department`s
certification committee applauded the book and
told me that it contains exactly the
right information.
*****After publication of the Security Administration Guide,
Randal returned to his home in Portland. A year or so later,
Tandem was about to allow its customers limited access to the
Tandem network. Tandem security experts had taken extensive
precautions to protect against the possibility of customers
intruding beyond the allowed limits. Before allowing customer
access, however, Tandem contracted with Randal to try to
break past the allowed limits into parts of the network
reserved for Tandem people. Within a few minutes after his
arrival in Cupertino, he succeeded! Tandem treated his break-
in as a contribution to their security effort. They fixed the
loopholes and happily paid his fee.
*****While Randal was working in Cupertino, he assisted with
San Jose`s Albert Schweitzer Concert, an annual event I
organize to honor the memory of Albert Schweitzer and to
raise funds for poor and homeless people. Randal gave several
days to publicizing the event beforehand and to distributing
the proceeds afterwards.
*****Judging from his teaching schedule posted on the Internet,
Randal has taught Perl to nearly 1,000 new students since his
indictment on All Saints Day 1993.
I ask you to consider the following points:
1. Randal has no previous criminal record.
2. Randal has throughout his working life demonstrated a
strong commitment to work for the betterment of his
employers. Beyond a shadow of doubt, I believe this was true
throughout his employment at Intel.
3. Randal has deservedly received public recognition for his
contributions as noted in the preceding paragraphs.
4. Judging by the discussions following his conviction from
Internet correspondents all over the world, there are
hundreds of people who agree that Randal is an
extraordinarily fine person. He does not deserve harsh
treatment.
5. Already, Randal has received harsh punishment for his
activities.
6. Despite Intel`s charges at the trial, Randal
nonetheless helped Intel for several years. An enlightened
management would be grateful to him for awakening them to the
fact that their security procedures were flawed.
Thanking you for considering this request for leniency, I am,
Sincerely yours,
Lyle Settle
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.981postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Oregon v. Schwartz FAQ
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 23:29:56 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix,comp.security.misc,misc.legal.computing ]
[ Author was Jeffrey Kegler ]
[ Posted on 4 Sep 1995 13:43:34 -0700 ]
This is the FAQ for the fors-discuss (Friends of Randal Schwartz)
mailing list, now into its 3rd version.
==== Start of FAQ
OREGON V. SCHWARTZ FAQ (V3)
Disclaimer for early drafts: It is possible, as I have gathered
this material from miscellaneous mailing list messages, news
postings, and so forth, that it contains errors of ascertainable
fact or ascribes statements to people who never made them. I
regret both deeply. Please inform me of any such problems so I
may correct them immediately.
I have tried to represent people's views in their own words. One
disadvantage is this requires taking old postings. News is an
interactive medium, and one takes less care than in writing for
other forums. I am open to considering replacement language from
the same source, where the poster wants to revise his remarks.
Significantly changed or new questions are followed by an
asterisk.
FAQ Index
Q1. What is Oregon v. Schwartz?
Q2. Why the interest in Oregon v. Schwartz?
Q3. Who is Randal Schwartz?
Q4. What was count 1?
Q5. Why does Randal say he created the gateway?
Q6. Was the gateway authorized or unauthorized?*
Q7. What was count 2?*
Q8. What was count 3?
Q9. Why was Randal running crack? Was Randal authorized to
check security using crack?
Q10. What is crack and who should run it?
Q11. What is the most serious evidence against Randal?*
Q12. How does Randal explain his confession?*
Q13. Even if Randal is guilty, this does not seem like the sort
of thing you ordinarily prosecute. Why did they?
Q14. Was there no offer of a plea bargain?*
Q15. Besides Randal, who's who in this case?*
Q16. What was the chronology of events?*
Q17. How can I help? And does Randal keep his own version of
this story anywhere?
Q18. Where can I find more information?*
Q1. What is Oregon v. Schwartz?
The case in which Randal Schwartz was convicted on July 25, 1995
of three computer crime felonies.
Q2. Why the interest in Oregon v. Schwartz?
There are quite a few interesting aspects to this case. First,
cracker cases which come to trial are still somewhat unusual.
Second, the defendant. Randal Schwartz is the first wizard
convicted of cracking. That is, he is the first prominent
cracker who was already prominent for legitimate reasons. Third,
the circumstances. There appears to be no case made that Randal
was malicious, or had anything like what laymen recognize as
criminal intent. The element of "personal gain" necessary for
the theft counts was supplied by Randal confessing he hoped what
he did would make a favorable impression on Intel. Fourth, the
law. As the above would indicate, the laws, and the court's
interpretation of them, was very sweeping, and seems to
criminalize activity widely regarded as normal, helpful and even
necessary. Fifth, Internet security policy implications. In the
Morris case, it was clear the conviction strengthened computer
security. Here that conclusion seems most dubious.
Q3. Who is Randal Schwartz?
Randal is perhaps Perl's number one fan. His early and energetic
advocacy of Perl and his co-authorship with Larry Wall of that
language's most authoritative text have identified Randal with
Perl so thoroughly he is often mistakenly thought of as co-
inventor of Perl. (Larry Wall invented Perl alone.) Randal is
widely known through his generosity in answering perl questions
on the net, and he is an established and generally well liked
personality on the Internet. Randal is far from the
stereotypical cracker.
Q4. What was count 1?
Knowingly and without authorization altering a computer network.
This refers to Randal installing gateway programs on two
computers so he could access Intel computers from a remote
computer.
Q5. Why does Randal say he created the gateway?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700): "I established what I believed to be very secure
ways of checking on my Intel email over the internet while I was
away from Intel (for the small number of weeks that I was out of
town), and having Xterms and X-emacs access my Xserver at Intel
while I was at my desk (part time). ('gate' and 'door' were in
Perl, making this what I believe to be the first time Perl code
is now a part of the public record. :-)"
Randal's claim of benign intent does not seem to have been
contested in court. Apparently malicious or criminal intent was
not a necessary element of this crime.
Q6. Was the gateway authorized or unauthorized?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700): "Now, having said that, there's another flaw
with charge one. If, as Intel claims in the trial, that my
actions in March and June of 1993 (where I was told to modify
'door' and 'gate' to be more secure) are truly crimes, why the
heck was I allowed to work until November 1993? This seems to be
the case of moving the line drawn in pencil on the floor (not
visible under average light) to the other side of the room
without telling me, and retroactively deciding that something I
wasn't even disciplined for is now a crime. Gack."
Mark Morrissey on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Tue, 15 Aug 95 10:18
PDT): "In about March of 1993, Dirk and I confronted Randal after
Dirk found a program owned by Randal running on a machine named
mink that would allow incoming access to Intel from the Internet.
Dirk and I told Randal quite clearly and very explicitely that
access to Intel networks from outside of Intel was a violation of
Intel security policy. Randal seemed quite surprised and was
very apologetic, so I told him that we would handle the situation
internally and not involve Intel security. Since Randal didn't
seem to know the rules, I made sure that he understood them and
let him off with a warning. I informed Intel security that a
possible security hole had been found and resolved.
Mark: "Let me be very clear: Randal agreed to modify the program
so that it would not receive connections from IP addresses not in
the Intel domain. Later checking by Dirk confirmed that Randal
had installed this block (at least, this is what Dirk told me).
Mark: "Randal certainly understood that the problem was access to
Intel networks from outside of the company. I made this very
clear and he assured me that he understood."
The FAQ-keeper asked "Why leave the gateway running at all?" and
Mark Morrissey responded on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 95 10:42
PDT): "Randal told us that he used the program for making
connections out of Intel, which was the sole purpose for the
existence of the machine mink. This explains why the gate
program wasn't terminated."
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 20:44:03
-0700) gave a longer version of events as corrections and
additions to a scenario put forth by the FAQ-keeper. The
scenario began as follows:
1. Intel discovers 'door', labels it offending and orders it
changed.
2. Randal accepts the Intel policy, and changes 'door'.
3. Intel checks and passes on the changed 'door', seemingly
implicitly authorizing it.
Randal then picked up the story: "4. Randal abandons use of
'door' (allowing access to *any* inside machine once you get
through all of the security locks), shortly thereafter.
Randal: "5. Some substantial time later, Randal creates 'gate',
restricting access only to a single machine that does not contain
product data and believed to be reasonably secure.
Randal: "6. Dirk/Mark discover gate, decide that *that* isn't
secure enough. Randal says he no longer needs account if he
can't even run gate there, and asks for account to be closed.
They comply.
Randal: "7. Randal runs 'gate' on SSD machine, which has security
policy more accomodating and familiar.
Randal: "8. Months later, when Intel begins prosecution relating
to use of crack, they decide that events 2 and 6 are now
felonious action, when in prior instances, it hadn't even
resulted in even so much as a sanction or other disciplinary
action.
Randal: "So, some points here:
Randal: "I *never* *knowingly* disobeyed any guidelines handed to
me. My understanding of event 2 is that they were telling me
that 'door' wasn't secure enough because it allowed access to any
machine. I *never* ran 'door' in that fashion again. Ever.
Randal: "'gate' had a very narrow purpose, akin to what I was
doing for my group when I was at iWarp/SSD... access to a
specific, non-product machine. When Mark/Dirk disagreed with
even its use, I finally concluded that they were being even more
tight than SSD. So I moved the program back to SSD, where I
understood the policy to be more liberal. [ ... ] 'door' and
'gate' had entirely different access protocols and scope of
operation."
Mike Northam on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 21:16:19 -0700):
Mike: "Having worked at Intel as a contractor both within SSD and
in other Intel organizations, I can vouch for Randal's assertion
that SSD is 'different'. [ ... ] but my view is that SSD, being
more a research organization, is more "accomodating" than other
Intel divisions. And, since Randal had worked there for several
years previously, I can imagine it would seem 'more familiar'."
Mark Morrissey on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 95 22:27 PDT): Mark:
"I'll yield to Randal on the mink incident since I never saw the
second program, only the first. All I know is that I was told
that he had made the changes to the script that we saw to block
outside connections and at a later date I was told that the
blocks were removed and when confronted, opted to have his
account removed.
Mark: "This is consistent with his email on this subject and I
apologize for calling both programs 'gate'. Thanks for the
corrections Randal."
In response to my question, exactly which instances count 1
consisted of, Randal replied on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995
12:46:14 -0700): "door on mink (mar 93), gate on mink (may/jun
93), gate on brillig (nov 93)".
Q7. What was count 2?
Theft of a password file. This consisted of copying it from one
Intel machine to another.
Q8. What was count 3?
Theft again, this time of individual passwords decrypted from
that same file. Randal decrypted these passwords using crack.
Q9. Why was Randal running crack? Was Randal authorized to
check security using crack?
Randal L. Schwartz on on misc.legal.computing (09 Aug 1995
19:17:08 -0700): "I had never ever been instructed not to run
Crack while at Intel. I had started running it on my own
initiative while a sysadm at iWarp, and it was still being run
when I left iWarp/SSD in mid 92. Why no-one was running it in
oct 93 is *still* the question. (If they had, I suspect I would
not have discovered 48 passwords of 600 users, and that the vice
president's password was 'pre$ident'.)"
Mark Morrissey on comp.sys.intel,misc.legal.computing (2 Aug 1995
22:18:01 GMT): "But he *wasn't* a systems administrator for the
systems on which crack was being run (*I* was the systems
administrator for those systems) and he wasn't a systems
administrator for SSD at the time in question. Also, he *knew*
who to contact at SSD and failed to do so. At a very minimum, he
could have informed me and asked me to handle things. We did,
after all, sit next to each other."
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 12:46:14 -0700): "I
walked out in a huff two months early on the iWarp/SSD contract.
This is part of the reason that I didn't immediately report my
results about the SSD security problem -- because I had left in a
huff, I wanted to make sure I had all my ducks in a row before I
cried wolf. And I couldn't bear to say it too early, so I got
pigeonholed into being a snake in the grass. (:-)"
Again, Randal's claim of benign intent does not seem to have been
contested in court.
Q10. What is crack and who should run it?
Crack is a program to find weak passwords by the direct means --
cracking them. The idea is that if a good guy can crack a
password, so can the bad guy. Of course, and unfortunately,
crack is a highly useful tool to bad guys as well.
From Cheswick & Bellovin, _Firewalls and Internet Security_, p.
245.: C&B: "If none of these [authentication devices or a "smart"
version of passwd] are used, crack your own password files and
weed out the weak ones. Crack is a well known and widely
distributed password cracking program by Alec Muffett." Far from
discouraging its use, CERT distributes it as
ftp://ftp.cert.org/pub/tools/crack. Perhaps ironically, one of
the people credited by Alec Muffet for help with this important
tool is Randal Schwartz.
Q11. What is the most serious evidence against Randal?
Of the material out so far, the police report, which contains a
lot of confession language attributed to Randal. The whole is
important to read. It is currently only available in Randal's
archive of fors-discuss. What follows are the most damning
statements:
Report of Detective P. Lazenby, quoted by Mark Morrissey on fors-
discuss (Fri, 1 Sep 1995 21:32:24 -0700 (PDT)): "Writer then
asked Randal if he felt he was doing anything wrong. Randal told
writer that he was in fact violating Intel policy and he also
thought that he could be criminally prosecuted for these
incidents."
Lazenby: "I asked Randal if this was wrong and in violation of
Intel policy and Randal said, 'Yes it is, but I knew I could do
it anyway.' Randal said that he wanted to do it because he
wanted to be efficient in getting his E-mail very fast and he
felt was important and when they shut him down, he wanted to
continue doing what he was doing and since he had the capability
to do it and knew he could do it, he did it without permission."
Lazenby: "I then told Randal that if he knew this, and it was a
security measure back then, why was he doing it [ running crack ]
without authorization now. Randal advised that he knew it was
totally wrong and would get in trouble if caught doing it."
Reading of the whole shows its author to have considerable
knowledge of computer jargon, and Randal to have been surprising
familiar both with Oregon computer crime law and the elements
necessary to a full confession.
Q12. How does Randal explain his alleged confession?
Randal on fors-discuss (Sat, 02 Sep 1995 08:32:48 -0700): "I was
indeed read my rights before any questioning started.
Randal: "In a brilliant example of the all-around bad judgement
about this incident, I just started talking. You see, I was
determined to show that *nothing* was going on, and that if they
were considering me as having committed some bad act, they must
simply just not understand what I was doing yet. So I spent two
hours trying to educate them.
Randal: "Please, I've heard the 'next time, call a lawyer' 97
times. Spare me the private email about that.
Randal: "I've never had a run-in with the law before. I've
always thought cops were my friends. That's the way I was
raised. So, while this situation was different and scary, I
still thought that the guys sitting across the room from me
asking me questions were there to help me. Perhaps they could
even be a neutral arbitor.
Randal: "As it turns out, cops, like all of us, seem to have
selective hearing. I had somehow forgotten that. (I had
selective memory. :-)"
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 17:45:11 -0700): "[ ...
] they should be read knowing that: (1) the cops had a tape
recorder in the car, but chose not to use it. (2) the cops had
*video* equipment at the office, but chose not to bring it. (3)
little or no notes were taken from a two hour 'interview' (aka
interrogation). (4) I tried to make the cops understand
everything that was happening, but I was very very stressed and
confused, because while this 'interview' was going on, other cops
were scouring my house, ripping out computer systems. (This is
not the usual sort of behavior at my house. :-) (5) I recall the
cops testifying that the information was very technical, and many
times hard for them to understand. (6) I *now* understand why
I'm not supposed to talk to cops without a lawyer present, as the
difference between what I understood to say and what actually
ended up on the paper is nearly night and day. (If you've had
the opportunity, recall the last time you were quoted in the
popular news media... :-)"
Mark Morrissey, quoted by Randal on fors-discuss (Sat, 02 Sep
1995 10:10:58 -0700): "I believe that the reports basically
substantiate what Randal has said publicly here. I don't think
that anyone will find anything that substantially conflicts with
his version. However, what I have found interesting from the
beginning, and about which I had several conversations with the
investigators regarding, is Randal's statement that he was
cracking passwords so that he could continue to read his email
even after he was terminated by Intel at the end of his contract
(and presumably no longer had an account). This is confirmed by
the Intel UNIX security expert (who is *very* good, I assure you)
who was present for much of the interview."
Randal in that same message: "My legal team has gone over that
statement with me in detail. We believe that it is actually a
very good demonstration that what they were understanding and/or
recording was different than what was in my head.
Randal: "It may very well be that I said, under the stress of the
situation, exactly what was in those reports. But my mind
sometimes races ahead of what I am saying, especially under
stress. As I have already said in this forum before, I answered
'yes' to the prosecutor's question of 'so you did this for
personal gain?', when in fact, what I was thinking of was 'well,
it was to keep my employment at Intel, and that benefits me
personally, so yes.'
Randal: "Clearly, viewing the record of my statements in the
clear calm of a situation removed from the original interrogation
reveals the lunacy. Why would I want to read *my* email after
*I* had been terminated??? The real question then for review is:
(1) what question did I think I was answering, and (2) what did I
say, and (3) what did I think I meant by that? I would say #2
can be answered by the police report, but we have to get to #1
and #3 to get the whole picture."
Mark quoted by Randal: "I have always believed Randal's version
with the one caveat mentioned above. This detail appears in
every report and was mentioned by everyone who was involved in
the interviews (which I was not, being at Intel preserving the
chain of evidence). It could simply be a case of nerves on
Randal's part, but I haven't had a chance to buy him a beer to
talk about things. The ramifications are evident: he appears to
have intended to leave gate running after he left the company and
intended to use other accounts and passwords for some reason -
the loss to explain this part."
Randal: "No, I intended continued employment and continued access
to my email while I was employed. Even if I misspoke. :-)"
Q13. Even if Randal is guilty, this does not seem like the sort
of thing you ordinarily prosecute. Why did they?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700) Randal: "Allowing me to opine for a moment, it
seems that as long as I was being innovative in directions that
didn't embarrass the vice president of SSD, I could experiment
all I wanted, because my overall net contribution to the company
far exceeded any hassle I was causing the grunts. And, both the
mail-access method and running crack were further attempts on my
part to be of overall benefit to the company. But we know how
these two turned out. :-("
John H. Woodard, an Intel lawyer quoted in the Oregonian:
Woodard: "I think it was good for all the high-tech companies
moving into this area that the county is willing to pursue these
types of crimes."
FAQ-keeper: Personally, this case has me afraid to change planes
in Washington County.
Mike Northam on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 19:47:47 -0700):
"My personal feeling (and this is pure speculation) is that there
were perhaps cracking attempts, possibly industrial espionage,
against some Intel systems which hold major corporate secrets
about the Pentium follow-on chip. Perhaps this kind of thing was
what caused the major reaction against Randal.
Mike: "What folks [ ... ] perhaps need to fully understand is
that hundreds of millions of dollars are at stake in those kinds
of ballparks. Finding a system accessible to the outside world,
in any manner whatsoever, bypassing the firewalls would cause the
alarm bells to ring, I've no doubt. But why, after it became
apparent that the 'attack' was benign, would Intel press for
felony charges?"
Q14. Was there no offer of a plea bargain?
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 12:54:50 -0700): "1)
first offer, prior to *indictment* (mar 94): one felony. (At
this point, we weren't even able to figure out what they could
possibly charge me for, so I couldn't figure out why I was
possibly copping to a felony.)
Randal: "2) second offer, the week before the trial (jul 95):
wants to apply misdemeanor treatment for the crimes, I won't
stand in the way, but I won't suggest it either'. (This is
before the judge even gets to hear any of the evidence.)
Randal: "Both offers, obviously, were declined."
Q15. Besides Randal, who's who in this case?
Thomas J. Tintera, Senior Deputy D.A., was the prosecutor.
Alan C Bonebrake, Circuit Court Judge, was the judge at the
trial.
Marc A. Sussman is Randal's defense attorney.
Mark Morrissey was sysadmin of the system crack was run against,
and the person who discovered crack running. He testified at the
trial.
Dirk Brandaweighe was another Intel sysadmin who worked for Mark.
Detective P. Lazenby was one of those who searched Randal's
apartment. He filed a report containing many statements by
Randal full of confession language.
Sr. Deputy Lilley was another officer who participated in the
search. He apparently wrote a more extensive report, which as of
this version of the FAQ, the FAQ-keeper has not seen.
An Ed Bunch is mentioned in Det. Lazenby's report as an Intel
sysadmin who may have been told that Randal had found passwords.
John H. Woodard is an Intel lawyer, who observed much of the
trial.
Q16. What was the chronology of events?
November 1, 1992: Start of activity alleged in indictment.
March 1993: Randal's 'door' program is discovered on mink and
changed to meet Intel's objections.
May/June 1993: Randal's 'gate' program is discovered on mink.
Randal is reponse to objections, asks for mink account to be
closed.
September 24, 1993: Crack runs started by this day.
October 28, 1993: Intel discovers crack program running.
November 1993: 'gate' is found running on Brillig.
November 1 1993: End of activity alleged in indictment.
Randal's residence searched.
March 1994, but before the indictment: Randal is offered the
change to plead guilty to one felony count.
March 14, 1994: Randal indicted on 3 felony counts.
Apr 19, 1994: Randal was scheduled to return to enter a plea
this day.
July 1995 (one week before the trial): Second plea bargain
offered. Prosecution offers to neither oppose or support
misdemeanor treatment before judge.
Jul 25, 1995: Randal convicted on all 3 counts.
Sep 11, 1995: Sentencing scheduled for this day.
Q17. How can I help? And does Randal keep his own version of
this story anywhere?
Send email to fund@stonehenge.com for more information about
Randal's version of these events, his defense fund, and
suggestions on how you can help. You will get an automatic
response and the content of the mail message will be ignored.
Q18. Where can I find more information?
The web site is http://www.usa1.com/fors.
There are two mailing lists: fors-discuss@teleport.com (The
Friends of Randal Schwartz discussion group) and fors-
announce@teleport.com (The Friends of Randal Schwartz
announcement list). Despite the name, fors-discuss has been open
to all viewpoints, and is the best place to follow the case.
Randal archives the past messages of fors-discuss at
ftp://teleport.com/pub/merlyn/fors.
The newsgroup comp.security.unix, comp.security.misc and
misc.legal.computing also contain some discussion of this case.
Archived news articles discussing the case can be batch
downloaded from
http://cheddar.nyswri.cfe.cornell.edu/news/batch.htm.
--
Jeffrey Kegler, President, Algorists, Inc.
743 East El Camino Real, #338, Sunnyvale CA 94087, jeffrey@best.com
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.982postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Schwartz case: police reports
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 23:54:08 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix,comp.security.misc,misc.legal.computing ]
[ Author was Mark Morrissey ]
[ Posted on 4 Sep 1995 22:16:14 GMT ]
I sent these to the FORS mail list, but they seem to be lost in the
black hole that is the teleport mail server. Since the FAQ is being
blasted to the world, I thought that these reports should make it out
as well. Note that the reports were enterred as evidence in the trial,
and to my knowledge, not substantially challeged.
There are two reports, one from Detective P. Lazenby and one from Detective
J. Lilley of the Washington County Sheriff's office.
I'll note that neither reports is a classic example of good grammar, spelling
or even word choice (some are quite funny, imo), but I have reproduced them
as they were written.
--mark
-------------------------------------------
Report of Detective P. Lazenby.
NARRATIVE:
On 11/01/93, writer assisted Sr. Deputy Lilley in the preparation of a
search warrant in regards to Randal Schwartz who had been illegally
bypassing computer systems and using a password cracking program to
obtain passwords to a computer system within Intel.
On 11/01/93, writer and other members of the Special Investigations
Unit served a search warrant at 12290 SW Butner Road, the residence of
Randal Schwartz. Detective Lilley execute the warrant and advised both
the Schwartz brothers of their Miranda rights. Writer made contact
with Randal Schwartz in the back bedroom where Detective Lilley was
interviewing him. Writer introduce myself to Randal Schwartz and we
talked about the incident Randal admitted to writer that he had been
using the crack program to get passwords and had obtained what he
thought was ten to twelve passwords. He advised that they were on the
"SNOOPY" program at Intel in a subdirectory "PLAY" under "STUFF.TAR".
Writer then asked Randal if he felt he was doing anything wrong.
Randal told writer that he was in fact violating Intel policy and he
also thought that he could be criminally prosecuted for these
incidents. I advised Randal that this was still under investigation
but under Oregon law, it could possibly be a misdemeanor or felony and
that if had used the phone lines to transfer any of the information out
of state, there could be federal crimes. I asked Randal if he
understood this and he said that he did. I asked Randal if he was
still willing to cooperate with us and he said that he was.
I asked Randall when he first got caught doing this and how he had done
it. Randal advised that he first had the "GATE" program on the "MINK"
computer a while back and he was caught and confronted by supervisors.
Randal said he stopped using "MINK" and that he switched over "GATE" to
"HERMES" and was doing that but "HERMES" was too slow so he went back
to "MINK" again. He was caught again on "MINK" so he switched "GATE"
over to "BRILLIG".
Randal advised that he was using "MERLIN" as his login on those
systems. I asked Randal why he was using the "CRACK" program to obtain
passwords and asked if he realized that these passwords would access
the SSD system. Randal advised that he did realize this and that he
was obtaining the passwords because he wanted to get his E-mail
quicker. I asked Randal if he ever logged in on SSD using any of the
passwords. Randal said first that he only logged in and logged out one
time and later, changed it to two or three times. I asked Randal if he
ever copied anything or looked at anything and he said that he did
not.
I passed this information on to Intel personnel and they checked the
machine under "STUFF.TAR" and found that there were at least forty to
fifty passwords that had been compromised and obtained by Randal. I
went back and confronted Randal with this because he had told me that
there were only ten to twelve. Randal then said, "I don't remember how
many exactly because I was just sticking them under the "STUFF.TAR" and
not really using them."
I asked Randal why he would need forty to fifty passwords and he said,
"I needed them in case they caught me doing it and knew they would shut
me down so the more passwords I had, the longer I could continue doing
what I wanted to do." Randal advised that he had the capability to do
it and he knew he could do it. I asked Randal if this was wrong and in
violation of Intel policy and Randal said, "Yes it is, but I knew I
could do it anyway." Randal said that he wanted to do it because he
wanted to be efficient in getting his E-mail very fast and he felt was
important and when they shut him down, he wanted to continue doing what
he was doing and since he had the capability to do it and knew he could
do it, he did it without permission.
Randal then told me that about one or two years ago, he was a SYS
administrator at Intel with SSD and that he would run the "CRACK"
program back then. Randal advised that this was a tool used to keep
passwords honest. Randal said that if you can break it with "CRACK",
bad guys can too. I then told Randal that if he knew this, and it was
a security measure back then, why was he doing it without authorization
now. Randal advised that he knew it was totally wrong and would get in
trouble if caught doing it. I then asked Randal if he remembered using
"CRACK" to enter any other systems to obtain passwords. Randal advised
that he used "CRACK" on the "ORILEY" system which is his publishers
back east and he obtained a password from them. I asked Randal how he
did this and he said he put "ORILEY" on "SNOOPY", used "CRACK" on it
and obtained the password. He said he did it just because he was
curious to see if "ORILEY" had any security. Randal advised that he
only got one password. I asked him if he ever used that password to go
into the "ORILEY" system and he said no. I asked Randal if he used it
anywhere else and he said that he used it on "TECHBOOK". Randal
advised that this is a bulletin board type system and that he used
"CRACK" on that system to obtain their passwords. Randal advised that
he did get a password and that he wrote to James D. at "TECHBOOK" and
advised him that he had done this as a way of making him aware of his
weak security.
I asked Randal if he remembered any of the passwords that he used to
log into SSD and Randal advised me that he remembers using the RonB
password to log into SSD and then to get out. Randal advised that he
never looked at anything, just went in and right out. Randal also
advised writer that at one time, he let Ed Bunch, a SYS administrator
at Intel know he had obtained SSD passwords. Randal was very vague
about how this had occurred and when asked what Mr. Bunch's reply was,
he advised, "No response, I don't think he really heard me".
Detect Lilley interviewed Randal Schwartz more extensively. Refer to
his report for more details.
---------------------------------------------
Report of Detective J. Lilley
NARRATIVE:
On 11/01/93 at 11:40 a.m., I met with the above mentioned Intel
employees at the Intel building where I was advised of their discovery
that one of their contract employees, Randal Schwartz, had been
illegally bypassing access gates to systems and illegally utilizing
password cracking programs to crack passwords to computer systems.
(Refer to attached report by Mark Morrissey for details).
On 11/01/93 at 6:35 p.m., myself and the above named individuals served
a search warrant at 12290 SW Butner Road at the residence of Randal
Schwartz. At the time of service, I read the search warrant in it's
entirety to Mr. Schwartz and his brother, immediately followed by
reading them their Miranda rights to which they both acknowledged
understanding. While the other Washington County Officers conducted
the search warrant, I conducted an interview with Randal Schwartz
regarding his activities at Intel and I was variously assisted in the
technical aspects of the interview by Mr. Cower, Mr. Stites, and Mr.
Pierce.
Initially, Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that he had in fact bypassed
access gates to Intel systems, explaining that the did this in order to
be able to receive "E-mail" messages at his work station in Intel.
While Mr. Schwartz admitted that he knew what he was doing was both
against department policy and, to use his words, "technically illegal",
he stated that his only intent was to make it more convenient for him
to correspond through computer mail at his work station rather than
having to wait until he got back home.
I then asked him about his use of the password cracking program "CRACK"
to break passwords that would allow him to access files in Intel
computer systems referred to as "BRILLIG" and Intel Supercomputer's
Systems Division (SSD). Mr. Schwartz freely admitted to me that he
had in fact employed the "CRACK" program to access passwords for both
"BRILLIG" and SSD but told me that his only reason for doing so was to
test both security systems that should have prevented anyone from using
the crack type program to access passwords.
I then began to go into these matters with Mr. Schwartz. As a result
of questions by me, along with information volunteered to me by Mr.
Schwartz, I learned the following from Mr. Schwartz.
Schwartz stated that he had been accessing Intel's "MINK" system by a
method known as "backdooring" until about April of 1993. Again, he
stated that this was in order to enable him to receive electronic mail
at his work station at Intel but at this point, Schwartz admitted to me
that while conducting this backdooring, he knew it was against Intel
policy and could possibly be considered a criminal act. Mr. Schwartz
admitted to me that he was confronted by Mark Morrissey and an Intel
employee by the name of Dirk Brandewie and advised that what he was
doing was not permitted and that he was to reinstall the appropriate
gates to the "MINK" system to prevent outside access, Mr. Schwartz
told me that he in fact did do that and that for a while, he attempted
to use another system known as "HERMES" but found that the Hermes
system was too slow for his needs and so he then wrote a new program,
different from the first, that enabled him to re-access "MINK" in order
to receive electronic mail. Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that he was
confronted again by Mr. Morrissey and Mr. Brandewie (about July of
1993) at which time, he was once again told that this activity was not
permitted and that he was to cease doing it.
Mr. Schwartz then went into some detail as to his activities regarding
access the "BRILLIG" system and the SSD system and the using of the
Intel "SNOOPY" system to speed up the accessing "CRACK" program to
obtain passwords to allow him access to the systems. At this point,
Mr. Schwartz readily acknowledged that not only was this activity
against Intel policy but there was no doubt in his mind that he could
also be found criminally liable for this activity. However, Mr.
Schwartz was very adamant that his only purpose in conducting these
exercises was to try and find out how hardened these two systems were
against attempts to crack their password codes using "CRACK"
programming or similar. Mr. Schwartz did acknowledge however that
another reason he was attempting to crack a "BRILLIG" password was that
his contract with the "BRILLIG" system was soon due to end and he
wished to ensure that he would continue to have password access to the
"BRILLIG" system after his contract ended and his personal password
revoked.
In response to our questions, Mr. Schwartz was adamant that at not time
did he ever actually access files using any of the cracked passwords
that he had obtained using the "CRACK" program. However, on further
questioning, Mr. Schwartz did admit to me that about three years ago,
while working at "I-WARP" (and Intel subsidiary) that he had, in fact
access files in the I-WARP system through a process known as "ROOT" and
that at that time, he had taken the further step of actually viewing
information from files he had accessed. He admitted to me that when he
had done that he had known at the time that what he was doing was both
against Intel policy and also illegal. However, again, Mr. Schwartz
denied that during his accessing of "BRILLIG" and SSD, he had never at
any time either viewed the contents of any file that he had accessed,
not had he made any copies of any kind of any of those files.
Through conversation with Mr. Schwartz, I learned from him that he had
worked for Tektronix between the years of 1978 and 1983 and that at one
point (he believed somewhere around 1981) he had actually been
suspended at Tektronix for engaging in similar activities. He also
went on to admit that he worked for a company called Tandem between the
years of 1986 and 1987 and that as an April Fools joke on one of those
years, he had also illegally cracked password and accessed files in
Tandem's systems. He stated that as a result of this activity, he was
actually "technically terminated" for about two hours. Mr. Schwartz
stated however that he was immediately reinstated by a supervisor who
took the point of view that in fact what Mr. Schwartz had been doing
was actually part of his job description which was testing security
systems within computer systems for Tandem. Mr. Schwartz stated that
in fact, at that point in time, he was writing a book about security
systems and that he was doing this in part as research for his book.
During the course of our conversation, Mr. Schwartz made mention of the
fact that on occasion, he had entertained private fantasies of engaging
in computer espionage but explained that they were merely idle
daydreaming and that it was not something that he had given any serious
consideration to. We began to explore this avenue in greater depth and
during further discussion, Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that in the
course of his espionage fantasy, he had given thoughts to such matters
as what type of information would be the most valuable to competitors,
what people or organizations would be most interested in this
information who would provide the greatest reward. On urging from me,
he admitted that he suspected that the Cray Organization would probably
be the biggest competitor who would be the most interested, and pay the
most for, any intelligence that he obtained from Intel systems.
Mr. Schwartz at first was very vague in his answers as to what
information he would obtain and where he would obtain it, etc.
However, on further discussions with me, he became more specific about
the types of information, how he would access it, and who he would take
it to. At one point, I asked Mr. Schwartz if he had ever taken any
active steps in carrying out this fantasy and his response to me was,
"I never to any steps externally to carry out this fantasy". I then
asked him if that meant that he had possibly contacted somebody within
the Intel cooperation regarding this fantasy at which point he stated,
"No, no, I meant externally beyond the tips of my fingers, outside my
mind."
Mr. Schwartz also discussed with the Intel personnel in the interview
with me more technical aspects of his activities within Intel and
outside companies that he had contracts with. These statements were
better understood and assessed by the Intel personnel. Refer to their
reports on those aspects of our interviews.
At 9:00 p.m., we concluded our interviews and the service of the search
warrant of Mr. Schwartz's residence and cleared to return to the
Washington County Sheriff's Office.
On 11/02/93, I served a search warrant at Mr. Schwartz's business
address at Stone Hedge Consulting Services, 4470 SW Hall St. #107,
Beaverton, Oregon, finding that address was merely a private PO Box
service and that Box 107 was a mailbox for Mr. Schwartz. On service of
the search warrant at that location, I learned that there was only
routing mail in Mr. Schwartz's box and did not see or find anything
that was covered by the search warrant issued.
It should also be noted that on 11/01/93, while serving the search
warrant at Mr. Schwartz's residence, Intel personnel at our direction,
shut down Mr. Shcwartz's work station at Intel in order to maintain
evidentiary integrity of that work station.
On 11/02/93 at 10:00 a.m., I gave Intel personnel the service copy of
the search warrant, authorizing the search of Mr. Shcwartz's work
station on Intel property.
Investigation ongoing. No further action taken to this date.
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.983postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Linux Cyrillic HOWTO
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 1995 00:27:15 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.answers,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.os.linux.setup ]
[ Author was Alexander L. Belikoff ]
[ Posted on 12 Sep 1995 18:50:18 -0400 ]
Archive-name: linux/howto/cyrillic
Last-modified: 12 Sep 95
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
*** The Linux Cyrillic HOWTO is posted automatically by the Linux
*** HOWTO coordinator, Greg Hankins <gregh@sunsite.unc.edu>. Please
*** direct any comments or questions about this HOWTO to the author,
*** Alexander L. Belikoff <abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il>.
- --- BEGIN Linux Cyrillic HOWTO part 1/1 ---
The Linux Cyrillic HOWTO
Alexander L. Belikoff, (abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il)
v1.0, 13 August 1995
This document describes how to set up your Linux box to typeset, view
and print the documents in Russian language.
1. Introduction
This document covers the things you need to successfully typeset view
and print documents in Russian.
There is some conflict between MS-DOG and Un*x Cyrillic codesets. In
MS-DOG, the most popular Cyrillic codeset is Alt (so-called
alternative codeset). In Un*x, however, the traditional codeset with
Russian characters is KOI-8. It is specified in the RFC 1489
("Registration of a Cyrillic Character Set").
The difference in two codesets is usage is pretty minimal (except the
TeX packages). Therefore, we will describe only KOI-8 codeset setup.
Various people put a lot of effort to create useful packages and
documents. These are listed through the text.
I appreciate any comments corrections and suggestions concerning the
document. Don't hesitate to contact me at abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il.
2. Further plans
The next version of this document will be accessible on
sunsite.unc.edu and tsx-11.mit.edu in HOWTO directory of the Linux
Document Project.
I am looking forward to include section on TeX and LaTeX and some
issues on Internationalization and Localization.
3. Setting up the environment
3.1. Console
All stuff needed for russification of the Linux console is contained
in the kbd package. The package is accessible at sunsite.unc.edu or
tsx-11.mit.edu. Usually, that package is already installed (it is a
standard part of at least Slackware distribution).
To setup the Cyrillic stuff, one should do three things:
1. Set the appropriate screen font. This is performed by the setfont
program. The fonts files are placed in /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts.
NOTE: Never run the setfont program under X or it will hang your
system. This is because it works with low-level video card calls
which X doesn't like.
2. If you use the font in Alt coding (as I do) then you have to set up
the screen mapping program to perform automatic conversion from Alt
to KOI-8. For that purpose use the mapscrn program and the
/usr/lib/kbd/consoletrans/koi2alt file.
3. Load the appropriate keyboard layout with the loadkeys program.
4. Output an ESC(K escape sequence on the screen (ESC stands for the
Escape character with code 033). Only God knows the purpose of that
combination. I stole it from the Danish-HOWTO
<file://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Danish-HOWTO> (thanks,
Thomas Petersen) and it works for me!
The following is an example of a script which sets up the Cyrillic
mode for console:
#!/bin/bash
#
# load cyrillic defs for console
#
# *** NEVER TRY IT UNDER X!!! ***
loadkeys /usr/lib/kbd/keytables/ru.map
setfont /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts/Cyr_a8x16
mapscrn /usr/lib/kbd/consoletrans/koi2alt
echo -ne 'ESC(K' # use the REAL ESCAPE character here !
echo "Use the right Ctrl key to switch the mode..."
3.2. The X Window System
Like the console mode, the X environment also requires some setup.
This involves setting up the input mode and the X fonts. Both are
being discussed below.
3.2.1. The X fonts.
First of all, you have to obtain the fonts collection having the
Cyrillic glyphs at the appropriate places.
There is a number of such fonts on the net. The author's favorite one
is the collection VakuFonts created by Serge Vakulenko (vak@kiae.su).
It can be found in the collection of cyrillic stuff for the X Window
System <ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/culture/russian/comp/xwin> where you
can find many useful packages for X.
Usually the X fonts are distributed in the BDF format which is
actually the textual font description. You should compile the fonts to
the PCF format using the bdftopcf command:
bdftopcf -o name.pcf name.bdf
It is also possible to compress the compiled font using the compress
program (I am not sure about the gzip support).
Now you should do three things to set everything up:
1. Put the compiled (and possibly compressed) fonts to the specified
directory. If that directory is not already known to the X server,
then you should make it known. To achieve that, add the following
commands to the xinitrc file (either local or global one):
xset +fp directory_with_fonts xset fp rehash
2. Recreate the list of fonts for the directory. Simply cd to it and
run:
mkfontdir .
You should run it once. This will upgrade the the fonts catalog file
fonts.dir.
3. If the fonts package provides the file of fonts' aliases (usually
fonts.alias) then append it's contents to the fonts' aliases file
in the directory containing the fonts.
After you have made the settings above, you can check the availability
of the new fonts by running the following command:
xfd -fn fontname
This should show the table of characters of the specified font.
3.2.2. The input translation
The switching between the different input translations is set up by
the xmodmap program. This program allows customization of codes
emitted by various characters and their combinations. It sets the
things up based on the file containing the translation table, usually
named ~/.Xmodmap. If you want to create your own table, refer to the
xmodmap(1). However such tables are generally supplied with the
various X Cyrillic stuff packages. The good example is the tables in
the perfect package by Serge Vakulenko described above.
Once you have such file containing the table, you should run the
command:
xmodmap filename
every time you start X. Modify your .xinitrc file to perform it. NOTE:
your .xinitrc can already contain the code to run the xmodmap over
your local table if the one exists.
The table distributed with the Serge's Vakulenko package didn't work
for the author. The following patch fixed the problem:
diff -u --new-file jcuken.xmm jcuken.xmm.mod
--- jcuken.xmm Mon May 20 09:11:36 1991
+++ jcuken.xmm.mod Sun Aug 13 15:44:06 1995
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
! Cyrillic keyboard mapping table.
! Produced by Serge Vakulenko, <vak@kiae.su>, Moscow.
!
+! Modified by Alexander L. Belikoff (abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il), 1995
+!
! Russian JCUKENG keyboard layout implemented.
! Cyrillic characters are entered in koi8 encoding.
!
@@ -10,7 +12,9 @@
! Use CapsLock as rus/lat switch key.
remove lock = Caps_Lock
-add mod2 = Caps_Lock
+keysym Caps_Lock = Mode_switch
+add mod2 = Mode_switch
+add lock = Mode_switch
! Key Base Shift Caps ShiftCaps
!------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now I can use the Caps Lock key to switch between normal and Cyrillic
input modes.
The author would appreciate the version of the table to support the
different mode switch key, say Alt or Control.
NOTE: The following is an excerpt from the list of new features
announced in the XFree 3.1.2:
Cyrillic fonts (using KIO8-R encoding) from Cronyx Ltd.
Unfortunately the author hasn't had a chance to check it yet.
4. Miscellaneous utilities setup
4.1. bash
Three variables should be set on order to make bash understand the
8-bit characters. The best place is ~/.inputrc file. The following
should be set:
set meta-flag on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on
4.2. csh/tcsh
The following should be set in .cshrc:
setenv LC_CTYPE ISO-8859-5
stty pass8
4.3. remote access
Use 'rlogin -8'
4.4. emacs
The minimal cyrillic support in emacs is done by adding the following
calls to one's .emacs (provided that the Cyrillic character set
support is installed for console or X respectively):
(standard-display-european t)
(set-input-mode (car (current-input-mode))
(nth 1 (current-input-mode))
0)
This allows the user to view and input documents in Russian.
However, such mode is not of a big convenience because emacs doesn't
recognize the usual keyboard commands while set in Cyrillic input
mode. There is a number of packages which use the different approach.
They don't rely on the input mode stuff established by the environment
(either X or console. Instead, they allow the user to switch the input
mode by the special emacs command and emacs itself is responsible for
re-mapping the character set. There are, at least, two packages of
that type. One is cyr.el. It can be found in most Emacs-Lisp archives.
The other one is the package remap which tries to make such support
more generic. This package is written by Per Abrahamsen
(abraham@iesd.auc.dk) and is accessible at ftp.iesd.auc.dk.
4.5. less
So far, less doesn't support the KOI-8 character set, but the
following environment variable will do the job:
LESSCHARSET=latin1
4.6. ispell
Check the sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/academic/russian-studies/Software for
the russian dictionary created by Neal Dalton (nrd@cray.com) for the
ispell package.
4.7. Netscape
Set the following resource:
*documentFonts*registry: koi8
5. Printing
To print the text files containing the Russian characters using on
PostScript printers, you need two things: the fonts and the 8bit-aware
software able to print the texts using those fonts. The best package
to print the text files in PostScript is a2ps by Evan Kirshenbaum
(evan@csli) and Miguel Santana (miguel@imag.imag.fr). The last version
is 8bit-aware. You can get it from imag.imag.fr:/archive/postscript/.
Check the sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/academic/russian-studies/Software/ in
order to obtain the Cyrillic PostScript fonts. Also, there is a lot of
fonts in the SimTel <ftp://oak.oakland.edu/pub/SimTel/> collection.
6. Summary of the various useful resources
The remap package for Emacs <ftp://ftp.iesd.auc.dk/>
Many fonts collections for X
<ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/culture/russian/comp/xwin>
Useful Cyrillic packages <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/russian-
studies/Software>
The kbd package for Linux
<ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Keyboards/>
X fonts collections <ftp://ftp.switch.ch/mirror/linux/X11/fonts/>
rspell <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/russian-
studies/Software/rspell.tar.gz>
- --- END Linux Cyrillic HOWTO part 1/1 ---
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: 2.6.2
Comment: finger gregh@cc.gatech.edu for public key
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ININkmPjsb69qN43QMimtbzQbbqg+IrSgiiJ9l7kC5B53p1s+LMnkw4qK3L97axR
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--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.984postmast,
From: panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu (Mijuskovic Veselin)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 1995 07:16:41 GMT
Mijuskovic Veselin (panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: ...
: Development paket. Inace, u sve je ukljucen i HP, pa ce zajedno da
: razvijaju poslovno okruzenje. Trenutno, HP je zaduzen da uklopi
: NDS u DCE (Desktop Common Environment), novi *de facto* standard za
: desktop Unix-e, i da sve poveze na svoju RISC arhitekturu i HP-UX.
Eh, kad Bog nekom uzme pamet ..., DCE je distributed computing
environment, API za distribuiranu obradu podataka, nezavistan od OS-a,
i to je ono u sta HP pokusava da uklopi NDS. Ono sto sam ja lupao je
CDE, common desktop environment, i nema nikakve veze sa gorepomenutim.
Sto rekoh, kad Bog nekom uzme pamet ...
--
Panzer
In real life : Mijuskovic Veselin Internet : panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu
/Meeyoushkowitch Veselyn/ DECnet : UBBG::EMIJUSKO
unix.975postmast,
From: dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Nekic)
Subject: Gopher & ftp
Date: Thu, 14 Sep 1995 19:56:52 GMT
Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Dragoljub
unix.986postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 18:58:23 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-22-95 05:35 Zoranp@fon wrote:
> butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
> "block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
> i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
> mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
Zo> Pitanje da li si tada digao sistem sa boot diskete i da li radi LILO?
Zo> Ako radi LILO i
Zo> Ako je LILO instaliran na Linux particiji, ponoviti proceduru lilo
Zo> koja se vrsi posle nekih promena u /etc/lilo.conf. Preciznije moras da
Zo> proglasis da je root read-only, uobicajena poruka koja se javlja pri
Zo> svezoj instalaciji. Kod mene - InfoMagic 4-CD Set Linux 1.2.1 iz Marta
Zo> 95 se poruka javljala, po ubacivanju read-only system je mogao da vrsi
Zo> fsck root particije. Da li si ti imao ovu poruku i kako ti je root
Zo> particija bila setovana dok je sistem radio ? Iz tvoje poruke se vidi
Zo> da je radio fsck ( pitanje butovanja- sa diska ili sa boot diskete ?)
Zo> Da li uspevas da pri boot-ovanju sa boot diskete das opciju
Zo> mount root=/dev/hdb1 i da tako mountujes neku particiju, preciznije
Zo> ovde je to drugi disk ( /dev/hdb a particija 1 /dev/hdb1 ), i da tada
Zo> izvrsis fsck doticne particije ?
Kao prvo, ja mogu da dignem sistem sa prvog diska i da dobijem lilo prompt
i ostalo, ali samo mauntovanje drugog diska, tj. particije /dev/hdb1, ne
prolazi. Tada se javlja poruka o gresci, a ako dignem sistem sa root/boot
disketa i pokusam fsck, tada se javlja ona navedena poruka "block bitmap
264275204 for group 0 not in group" i fsck prekida dalji rad.
I nijedna njegova opcija ne radi nista osim sto prijavi istu gresku na
isti nacin.
Lako bih ja sredio lilo da je on problem, ali izgleda da je problem u
nekim podacima na /dev/hdb1 koji "omogucavaju" mauntovanje te particije.
Sta bi to moglo da bude, i kako da se sredi, nemam pojma.
Poziv za pomoc uz nadoknadu u obliku pica, a moze i soka, je i dalje
otvoren, uz moju ogromantnu zahvalnost svakome ko pomogne na neki nacin.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.988postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: problem sa particijom
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 13:02:37 GMT
Helem, glede ovoga problema kod andre(j?)e, nisam se sretao sa slicnim, ali
posto otkazuje na pokusaje fsck/debugfs jedino sto mi ovako na suvo pada na
pamet je da se proba sa rezervnim superblokom ili kako se to vec zove.
Znaci, fsck /dev/hdb1 8191 ili slicno, ne mogu sada da se sjetim po kom
uzorku on to pravi, ali cu pogledam okolo. Preporucujem sljedece
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 776 Aug 25 02:47 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.lsm
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 430753 Aug 25 04:14 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 685 Aug 25 04:14 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.lsm
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 44235 Aug 25 04:16 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.ps.gz
unix.987postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 18:58:30 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-23-95 23:11 Vukota@fon wrote:
Vu> Misa Trivkovic (bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
Vu> : Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na
Vu> drugom disku : particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa
Vu> particionom tabelom, ako : nije... :)
Vu> Ponekad je bolje upotrebiti DM (Disk Manager) ili DISKEDIT ili tako
Vu> nesto, jer sta ako je coveku disk veci od 520 MB , a ima obican IDE
Vu> kontroler :))), mada mi se cini da to nije ovde slucaju :)))
Eh sad, fdisk nije bas resenje, jer ne zelim da si izgubim 100M podesenog
linuxa, ukljucujuci i picnuti Xwindows koji je jako lepo radio.
Plus gomilica sorsova koji su mi sad nedostupni itd itd itd...
A sta bih radio sa diskeditom kad on verovatno ni ne bi mogao da cita po
linux particiji? I gde da trazim gresku ako bi i citao?
BTW, disk je od 122M, quantum els127, na obicnom ide kontroleru i 386dx40,
mada ne vidim znacaj tih podataka.
BTW2, koristim ovu priliku da Vecxu i Dragishu posebno zamolim za pomoc,
jer ne znam dvojicu vecih znalaca linuxa.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.985postmast,
From: vukota@fon (Milos Vukotic)
Subject: HELP!!!
Date: Sat, 23 Sep 1995 23:11:09 GMT
Misa Trivkovic (bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
: Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na drugom disku
: particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa particionom tabelom, ako
: nije... :)
Ponekad je bolje upotrebiti DM (Disk Manager) ili DISKEDIT ili tako nesto,
jer sta ako je coveku disk veci od 520 MB , a ima obican IDE kontroler :))),
mada mi se cini da to nije ovde slucaju :)))
Vukota
unix.989postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: HELP!!!
Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 00:56:35 GMT
Eh sta sve nece kompjuter coveku da uradi... :(
Daklem, na mom kucnom linuxu, prilikom pokusaja uspostave term veze sa
galebom, koja inace radi, sistem mi je zaglavio tako da je potpuno blokirao
sve konzole, plus sto je ps na svakoj bio mrtav, a onda i ceo sistem.
Posle hard reseta, jer na soft reset sistem nije reagovao nikako, sledece
butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
"block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
Pokusao sam fsck-om i debugfs-om nesto da uradim, ali nijedan program nece
ni da pridje particiji jer konstantno javljaju neku gresku.
Ne znam sta da radim, i kako da osposobim sistem makar da prebacim fajlove
na drugi disk. Ako neko ima neku predstavu sta bi moglo da bude uzrok ove
poruke i kako spasiti moje jadne podatke, neka mi javi pod HITNO!
A jos ako stvar uspe, ima pice od mene....
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.990postmast,
From: dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Nekic)
Subject: Gopher & ftp
Date: Thu, 14 Sep 1995 19:56:52 GMT
Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Dragoljub
unix.991postmast,
From: eotek@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu (Dragoljub Radojevic)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 18:22:22 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
: gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
: Dragoljub
ln -s /home/ftp/pub /home/gopher/data/pub
ili kako su vec dirovi rasporedjeni :)
unix.992postmast,
From: miroslav@yucca.co.yu (Miroslav Hristodulo)
Subject: Re: Gopher & ftp
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 1995 13:20:54 GMT
Dragoljub Nekic (dnekic@osmeh.fon.bg.ac.yu) :
>> Kako da povezem gopher server sa ftp, odnosno da dobijem u
>> gopher meniju pub/ dir iz anonyous ftp-a?
Prosto. Kreiraj link na pub direktorijum. Na
primer ovako:
ln -s /home/ftp/pub "Anonymous FTP"
Kvaka 22 je u tome da onda gopher server moras
da startujes sa -c opcijom, sto znaci da ne radis
chroot pre nego sto udjes u gopher dir.
Nadam se da je jasno...
--
Miroslav R. Hristodulo
<miroslav@yucca.co.yu>
unix.993postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: xmsdos-0.1.6, a VFAT filesystem for Linux
Date: Sat, 16 Sep 1995 05:02:14 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.announce ]
[ Author was Gordon Chaffee ]
[ Posted on Sun, 10 Sep 95 13:54:35 GMT ]
Release: xmsdos 0.1.6
This is an alpha release of xmsdos, a VFAT filesystem that
can handle Windows 95 and Windows NT long filenames. Be warned, it may do
irrepairable damage to your directories and your disk. Most likely, it
won't. If you mount the filesystems as read-only, you shouldn't have
anything to worry about. It was tested on Linux 1.3.x and Windows NT 3.5.
It does not work on NTFS partitions.
Where to get:
mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu:/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/xmsdos-0.1.6.tgz
How to use:
Until the system is stable, the filesystem is called xmsdos.
When the filesystem is stable, I would hope that it may replace the
msdos filesystem. In order for that to happen, quite a bit more work
and integration needs to occur.
To load the filesystem:
insmod xmsdos.o
To mount a floppy:
mount -t xmsdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
Things to note:
If you use non-ASCII characters on Windows NT in a filename, you
will be unable to retrieve that file. Right now, this has not been
tested at all, so the results are unpredictable.
The makefile has -CCONFIG_MODVERSIONS turned on. If your kernel
is built without this on, you'll need to remove this from the Makefile.
If you find bugs, please send mail to chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu.
Please specify the filename and the operation that gave you trouble.
Acknowledgements:
Thanks to Galen C. Hunt <gchunt@cs.rochester.edu> for the very useful
information he provided on creating the short filename checksum and the
structure of the long filenames.
Thanks to Michael R. Gile <gilem@rpi.edu> for his information about
the case bits for the DOS filename entry and his excellent bug reports.
Thanks to Gilles Vollant <100144.2636@compuserve.com> for telling me
what was broken in the 1.3.x kernels. Gilles wrote doslfn, a package
with the same functionality as xmsdos. We intend to work together to
create an excellent combined package.
Thanks to Steve Searle <steve@mgu.bath.ac.uk> for finding a bunch of
problems with certain filenames under Windows 95. He provided fixes
and changes to the filesystem to make it work much more like the
Windows 95 implementation.
Additional thanks to Alain Knaff <Alain.Knaff@imag.fr> and
David C. Niemi <niemidc@clark.net> for comments in email discussions.
Gordon Chaffee
chaffee@bugs-bunny.cs.berkeley.edu
--
Send comp.os.linux.announce submissions to: linux-announce@news.ornl.gov
PLEASE remember a short description of the software.
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
unix.994postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: UUCP 1.06.1
Date: Sun, 17 Sep 1995 06:45:03 GMT
[ Article crossposted from gnu.announce,gnu.utils.bug,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.mail.uucp ]
[ Author was Ian Lance Taylor (ian@airs.com) ]
[ Posted on Wed, 13 Sep 1995 10:13:11 -0400 ]
UUCP 1.06 unfortunately had a serious bug, so I have decided to
release version 1.06.1. I urge everybody who has already picked up
1.06 to upgrade to 1.06.1. The diffs from 1.06 are small, so I have
included them in this message (they are also available from prep).
The complete 1.06.1 tar distribution is available from
prep.ai.mit.edu, and all the usual mirror sites. I apologize for any
inconvenience.
--
Ian Taylor | ian@airs.com | First to identify quote wins free e-mail message:
``[I]n Paris, for example, in 1660 there were 103 holidays in the year.''
diff -ur uucp-1.06/ChangeLog uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog
--- uucp-1.06/ChangeLog Thu Aug 10 23:35:01 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog Sun Aug 20 15:29:15 1995
@@ -1,3 +1,33 @@
+Sun Aug 20 15:12:36 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * Released version 1.06.1.
+
+ * uux.c (main): Make sure that the grade is between '0' and '9',
+ or 'a' and 'z', or 'A' and 'Z', in case isalnum accepts other
+ characters.
+ * uucp.c (main): Likewise.
+
+Sat Aug 19 23:15:21 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * configure.in: Check for seteuid.
+ * configure: Rebuild.
+ * config.h.in (HAVE_SETEUID): Define.
+ * unix/uid.c: If HAVE_SETEUID is defined, use seteuid rather than
+ setuid.
+ * policy.h: Change HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID comment to mention that it
+ does not work on 4.4BSD-Lite and NetBSD.
+
+ * Andrey A. Chernov: uuconf.h (UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL): Use BUCHAR.
+
+Wed Aug 16 21:23:39 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * uucico.c (flogin_prompt): Add pzsystem parameter, and pass it to
+ faccept_call. Change all callers.
+
+ * trans.c (qtransalc): Clear zlog field.
+
+ * Makefile.in (VERSION): Change to 1.06.1.
+
Thu Aug 10 22:42:53 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
* Released version 1.06.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/Makefile.in uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in
--- uucp-1.06/Makefile.in Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
SHELL = /bin/sh
-VERSION = 1.06
+VERSION = 1.06.1
MORECFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir) -DOWNER=\"$(owner)\" -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(UUDIRFLAGS)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/config.h.in uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in
--- uucp-1.06/config.h.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:47 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:21 1995
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@
#define HAVE_WAIT4 0
#define HAVE_GLOB 0
#define HAVE_SETREUID 0
+#define HAVE_SETEUID 0
/* There are several functions which are replaced in the subdirectory
lib. If they are missing, the configure script will automatically
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure.in uucp-1.06.1/configure.in
--- uucp-1.06/configure.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:48 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:22 1995
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
dnl This should be processed with autoconf to produce a configure script.
dnl Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Ian Lance Taylor
dnl
-AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel $])
+AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel $])
AC_INIT(policy.h)
AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
AC_PREFIX_PROGRAM(gcc)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(remove ftruncate ltrunc rename opendir dup2 waitpid wait4)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigsetjmp setret sigaction sigvec sigset)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigprocmask sigblock sighold getdtablesize sysconf)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(gettimeofday ftw glob dev_info)
dnl Check for getline, but not in -linet, since ISC has an
dnl incompatible version there.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure uucp-1.06.1/configure
--- uucp-1.06/configure Wed Aug 9 21:01:30 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure Sun Aug 20 15:32:04 1995
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#! /bin/sh
-# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel
+# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated automatically using autoconf version 2.4
# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2606,7 +2606,7 @@
fi
done
-for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname
+for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname
do
echo $ac_n "checking for $ac_func""... $ac_c" 1>&6
if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_func_$ac_func'+set}'`\" = set"; then
diff -ur uucp-1.06/policy.h uucp-1.06.1/policy.h
--- uucp-1.06/policy.h Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/policy.h Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
other than the uucp user uses it. */
#define HAVE_SAVED_SETUID 1
-/* On some systems, such as the DG Aviion and, possibly, the RS/6000,
- the setreuid function is broken. It should be possible to use
- setreuid to swap the real and effective user ID's, but on some
- systems it will not change the real user ID (I believe this is due
- to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On such a system you must
- set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do not, you will get error
- messages from setreuid. Systems on which setreuid exists but is
- broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
+/* On some systems, such as 4.4BSD-Lite, NetBSD, the DG Aviion and,
+ possibly, the RS/6000, the setreuid function is broken. It should
+ be possible to use setreuid to swap the real and effective user
+ ID's, but on some systems it will not change the real user ID (I
+ believe this is due to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On
+ such a system you must set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do
+ not, you will get error messages from setreuid. Systems on which
+ setreuid exists but is broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
#define HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID 0
/* On a few systems, such as NextStep 3.3, the POSIX macro F_SETLKW is
diff -ur uucp-1.06/trans.c uucp-1.06.1/trans.c
--- uucp-1.06/trans.c Thu Aug 10 22:46:40 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/trans.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:39 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.40 1995/08/11 02:43:32 ian Rel $";
+const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.41 1995/08/17 01:25:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <errno.h>
@@ -381,6 +381,7 @@
q->s.znotify = NULL;
q->s.zcmd = NULL;
}
+ q->zlog = NULL;
q->isecs = 0;
q->imicros = 0;
q->cbytes = 0;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c
--- uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c Wed Aug 9 21:00:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c Sun Aug 20 15:30:48 1995
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@
#include "sysdep.h"
#include <errno.h>
+
+/* NetBSD apparently does not support setuid as required by POSIX when
+ using saved setuid, so use seteuid instead. */
+
+#if HAVE_SETEUID
+#define setuid seteuid
+#endif
/* Switch to permissions of the invoking user. */
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucico.c uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucico.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:43 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.190 1995/06/29 19:35:59 ian Rel $";
+const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.192 1995/08/17 02:03:35 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
static int iuport_lock P((struct uuconf_port *qport, pointer pinfo));
static boolean flogin_prompt P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, struct sconnection *qconn,
- const char *zlogin));
+ const char *zlogin, const char **pzsystem));
static int icallin_cmp P((int iwhich, pointer pinfo, const char *zfile));
static boolean faccept_call P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, const char *zlogin,
@@ -693,7 +693,8 @@
{
while (! FGOT_SIGNAL ()
&& flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- (const char *) NULL))
+ (const char *) NULL,
+ (const char **) NULL))
{
/* Close and reopen the port in between calls. */
if (! fconn_close (&sconn, puuconf,
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@
{
if (flogin)
fret = flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- zlogin);
+ zlogin, &zsystem);
else
{
#if DEBUG > 1
@@ -1708,12 +1709,13 @@
/* Prompt for a login name and a password, and run as the slave. */
static boolean
-flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin)
+flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin, pzsystem)
pointer puuconf;
const char *zconfig;
boolean fuuxqt;
struct sconnection *qconn;
const char *zlogin;
+ const char **pzsystem;
{
int iuuconf;
int istrip;
@@ -1722,6 +1724,9 @@
boolean fret;
struct scallin_info s;
+ if (pzsystem != NULL)
+ *pzsystem = NULL;
+
DEBUG_MESSAGE0 (DEBUG_HANDSHAKE, "flogin_prompt: Waiting for login");
iuuconf = uuconf_strip (puuconf, &istrip);
@@ -1790,8 +1795,7 @@
#if DEBUG > 1
iholddebug = iDebug;
#endif
- (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn,
- (const char **) NULL);
+ (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn, pzsystem);
#if DEBUG > 1
iDebug = iholddebug;
#endif
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uuconf.h uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h
--- uucp-1.06/uuconf.h Wed Aug 9 20:59:10 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h Sun Aug 20 15:29:44 1995
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
#define UUCONF_GRADE_LOW ('z')
/* Whether a character is a legal grade (requires <ctype.h>). */
-#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum ((unsigned) (b)))
+#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum (BUCHAR (b)))
/* Return < 0 if the first grade should be done before the second
grade, == 0 if they are the same, or > 0 if the first grade should
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.c uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:46 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.63 1995/08/02 01:22:53 ian Rel $";
+const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.64 1995/08/20 19:21:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -277,7 +277,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade)
+ || ((bCgrade < '0' || bCgrade > '9')
+ && (bCgrade < 'a' || bCgrade > 'z')
+ && (bCgrade < 'A' || bCgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bCgrade = BDEFAULT_UUCP_GRADE;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.texi uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.texi Wed Aug 9 20:59:16 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi Sun Aug 20 15:29:51 1995
@@ -5649,8 +5649,8 @@
Approved: news-answers-request@@MIT.Edu
Archive-name: uucp-internals
-Version: $Revision: 1.108 $
-Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/02 01:35:25 $
+Version: $Revision: 1.109 $
+Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/20 03:32:59 $
@end format
@end ifset
@@ -8288,6 +8288,7 @@
@code{tbr@@tfic.bc.ca} (Tom Rushworth)
@code{jsacco@@ssl.com} (Joseph E. Sacco)
@code{rsalz@@bbn.com} (Rich Salz)
+Curt Sampson @code{<curt@@portal.ca>}
@code{sojurn!mike@@hobbes.cert.sei.cmu.edu} (Mike Sangrey)
Nickolay Saukh @code{<nms@@ussr.EU.net>}
@code{heiko@@lotte.sax.de} (Heiko Schlittermann)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uux.c uucp-1.06.1/uux.c
--- uucp-1.06/uux.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:22 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uux.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:57 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.81 1995/08/02 01:25:17 ian Rel $";
+const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.82 1995/08/20 19:21:42 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include "uudefs.h"
@@ -336,7 +336,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade)
+ || ((bXgrade < '0' || bXgrade > '9')
+ && (bXgrade < 'a' || bXgrade > 'z')
+ && (bXgrade < 'A' || bXgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bXgrade = BDEFAULT_UUX_GRADE;
[ Most GNU software is packed using the GNU `gzip' compression program.
Source code is available on most sites distributing GNU software.
For information on how to order GNU software on tape, floppy or cd-rom, or
printed GNU manuals, check the file etc/ORDERS in the GNU Emacs
distribution, ftp the file /pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ORDERS on prep, or
e-mail a request to: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
By ordering your GNU software from the FSF, you help us continue to
develop more free software. Media revenues are our primary source of
support. Donations to FSF are deductible on US tax returns.
The above software will soon be at these ftp sites as well.
Please try them before prep.ai.mit.edu as prep is very busy!
thanx -gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
ASIA: ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp, utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:/ftpsync/prep,
cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr:/pub/gnu, ftp.nectec.or.th:/pub/mirrors/gnu
AUSTRALIA: archie.au:/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet)
AFRICA: ftp.sun.ac.za:/pub/gnu
MIDDLE-EAST: ftp.technion.ac.il:/pub/unsupported/gnu
EUROPE: irisa.irisa.fr:/pub/gnu, ftp.univ-lyon1.fr:pub/gnu,
ftp.mcc.ac.uk, unix.hensa.ac.uk:/mirrors/uunet/systems/gnu,
src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu, ftp.ieunet.ie:pub/gnu, ftp.eunet.ch,
nic.switch.ch:/mirror/gnu, ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de:/pub/gnu,
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de, ftp.win.tue.nl:/pub/gnu,
ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es:/pub/gnu ftp.funet.fi:/pub/gnu, ftp.denet.dk,
ftp.stacken.kth.se, isy.liu.se, ftp.luth.se:/pub/unix/gnu,
ftp.sunet.se:/pub/gnu, archive.eu.net
SOUTH AMERICA: ftp.inf.utfsm.cl:/pub/gnu, ftp.unicamp.br:/pub/gnu
WESTERN CANADA: ftp.cs.ubc.ca:/mirror2/gnu
USA: wuarchive.wustl.edu:/systems/gnu, labrea.stanford.edu,
ftp.digex.net:/pub/gnu, ftp.kpc.com:/pub/mirror/gnu, f.ms.uky.edu:/pub3/gnu,
jaguar.utah.edu:/gnustuff, ftp.hawaii.edu:/mirrors/gnu,
uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu:/pub/gnu, ftp.cs.columbia.edu:/archives/gnu/prep,
col.hp.com:/mirrors/gnu, gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/GNU,
ftp.uu.net:/systems/gnu
]
unix.999postmast,
From: panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu (Mijuskovic Veselin)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 1995 07:16:41 GMT
Mijuskovic Veselin (panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: ...
: Development paket. Inace, u sve je ukljucen i HP, pa ce zajedno da
: razvijaju poslovno okruzenje. Trenutno, HP je zaduzen da uklopi
: NDS u DCE (Desktop Common Environment), novi *de facto* standard za
: desktop Unix-e, i da sve poveze na svoju RISC arhitekturu i HP-UX.
Eh, kad Bog nekom uzme pamet ..., DCE je distributed computing
environment, API za distribuiranu obradu podataka, nezavistan od OS-a,
i to je ono u sta HP pokusava da uklopi NDS. Ono sto sam ja lupao je
CDE, common desktop environment, i nema nikakve veze sa gorepomenutim.
Sto rekoh, kad Bog nekom uzme pamet ...
--
Panzer
In real life : Mijuskovic Veselin Internet : panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu
/Meeyoushkowitch Veselyn/ DECnet : UBBG::EMIJUSKO
unix.998postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Linux Cyrillic HOWTO
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 1995 00:27:15 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.os.linux.answers,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.os.linux.setup ]
[ Author was Alexander L. Belikoff ]
[ Posted on 12 Sep 1995 18:50:18 -0400 ]
Archive-name: linux/howto/cyrillic
Last-modified: 12 Sep 95
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
*** The Linux Cyrillic HOWTO is posted automatically by the Linux
*** HOWTO coordinator, Greg Hankins <gregh@sunsite.unc.edu>. Please
*** direct any comments or questions about this HOWTO to the author,
*** Alexander L. Belikoff <abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il>.
- --- BEGIN Linux Cyrillic HOWTO part 1/1 ---
The Linux Cyrillic HOWTO
Alexander L. Belikoff, (abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il)
v1.0, 13 August 1995
This document describes how to set up your Linux box to typeset, view
and print the documents in Russian language.
1. Introduction
This document covers the things you need to successfully typeset view
and print documents in Russian.
There is some conflict between MS-DOG and Un*x Cyrillic codesets. In
MS-DOG, the most popular Cyrillic codeset is Alt (so-called
alternative codeset). In Un*x, however, the traditional codeset with
Russian characters is KOI-8. It is specified in the RFC 1489
("Registration of a Cyrillic Character Set").
The difference in two codesets is usage is pretty minimal (except the
TeX packages). Therefore, we will describe only KOI-8 codeset setup.
Various people put a lot of effort to create useful packages and
documents. These are listed through the text.
I appreciate any comments corrections and suggestions concerning the
document. Don't hesitate to contact me at abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il.
2. Further plans
The next version of this document will be accessible on
sunsite.unc.edu and tsx-11.mit.edu in HOWTO directory of the Linux
Document Project.
I am looking forward to include section on TeX and LaTeX and some
issues on Internationalization and Localization.
3. Setting up the environment
3.1. Console
All stuff needed for russification of the Linux console is contained
in the kbd package. The package is accessible at sunsite.unc.edu or
tsx-11.mit.edu. Usually, that package is already installed (it is a
standard part of at least Slackware distribution).
To setup the Cyrillic stuff, one should do three things:
1. Set the appropriate screen font. This is performed by the setfont
program. The fonts files are placed in /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts.
NOTE: Never run the setfont program under X or it will hang your
system. This is because it works with low-level video card calls
which X doesn't like.
2. If you use the font in Alt coding (as I do) then you have to set up
the screen mapping program to perform automatic conversion from Alt
to KOI-8. For that purpose use the mapscrn program and the
/usr/lib/kbd/consoletrans/koi2alt file.
3. Load the appropriate keyboard layout with the loadkeys program.
4. Output an ESC(K escape sequence on the screen (ESC stands for the
Escape character with code 033). Only God knows the purpose of that
combination. I stole it from the Danish-HOWTO
<file://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Danish-HOWTO> (thanks,
Thomas Petersen) and it works for me!
The following is an example of a script which sets up the Cyrillic
mode for console:
#!/bin/bash
#
# load cyrillic defs for console
#
# *** NEVER TRY IT UNDER X!!! ***
loadkeys /usr/lib/kbd/keytables/ru.map
setfont /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts/Cyr_a8x16
mapscrn /usr/lib/kbd/consoletrans/koi2alt
echo -ne 'ESC(K' # use the REAL ESCAPE character here !
echo "Use the right Ctrl key to switch the mode..."
3.2. The X Window System
Like the console mode, the X environment also requires some setup.
This involves setting up the input mode and the X fonts. Both are
being discussed below.
3.2.1. The X fonts.
First of all, you have to obtain the fonts collection having the
Cyrillic glyphs at the appropriate places.
There is a number of such fonts on the net. The author's favorite one
is the collection VakuFonts created by Serge Vakulenko (vak@kiae.su).
It can be found in the collection of cyrillic stuff for the X Window
System <ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/culture/russian/comp/xwin> where you
can find many useful packages for X.
Usually the X fonts are distributed in the BDF format which is
actually the textual font description. You should compile the fonts to
the PCF format using the bdftopcf command:
bdftopcf -o name.pcf name.bdf
It is also possible to compress the compiled font using the compress
program (I am not sure about the gzip support).
Now you should do three things to set everything up:
1. Put the compiled (and possibly compressed) fonts to the specified
directory. If that directory is not already known to the X server,
then you should make it known. To achieve that, add the following
commands to the xinitrc file (either local or global one):
xset +fp directory_with_fonts xset fp rehash
2. Recreate the list of fonts for the directory. Simply cd to it and
run:
mkfontdir .
You should run it once. This will upgrade the the fonts catalog file
fonts.dir.
3. If the fonts package provides the file of fonts' aliases (usually
fonts.alias) then append it's contents to the fonts' aliases file
in the directory containing the fonts.
After you have made the settings above, you can check the availability
of the new fonts by running the following command:
xfd -fn fontname
This should show the table of characters of the specified font.
3.2.2. The input translation
The switching between the different input translations is set up by
the xmodmap program. This program allows customization of codes
emitted by various characters and their combinations. It sets the
things up based on the file containing the translation table, usually
named ~/.Xmodmap. If you want to create your own table, refer to the
xmodmap(1). However such tables are generally supplied with the
various X Cyrillic stuff packages. The good example is the tables in
the perfect package by Serge Vakulenko described above.
Once you have such file containing the table, you should run the
command:
xmodmap filename
every time you start X. Modify your .xinitrc file to perform it. NOTE:
your .xinitrc can already contain the code to run the xmodmap over
your local table if the one exists.
The table distributed with the Serge's Vakulenko package didn't work
for the author. The following patch fixed the problem:
diff -u --new-file jcuken.xmm jcuken.xmm.mod
--- jcuken.xmm Mon May 20 09:11:36 1991
+++ jcuken.xmm.mod Sun Aug 13 15:44:06 1995
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
! Cyrillic keyboard mapping table.
! Produced by Serge Vakulenko, <vak@kiae.su>, Moscow.
!
+! Modified by Alexander L. Belikoff (abel@wisdom.weizmann.ac.il), 1995
+!
! Russian JCUKENG keyboard layout implemented.
! Cyrillic characters are entered in koi8 encoding.
!
@@ -10,7 +12,9 @@
! Use CapsLock as rus/lat switch key.
remove lock = Caps_Lock
-add mod2 = Caps_Lock
+keysym Caps_Lock = Mode_switch
+add mod2 = Mode_switch
+add lock = Mode_switch
! Key Base Shift Caps ShiftCaps
!------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now I can use the Caps Lock key to switch between normal and Cyrillic
input modes.
The author would appreciate the version of the table to support the
different mode switch key, say Alt or Control.
NOTE: The following is an excerpt from the list of new features
announced in the XFree 3.1.2:
Cyrillic fonts (using KIO8-R encoding) from Cronyx Ltd.
Unfortunately the author hasn't had a chance to check it yet.
4. Miscellaneous utilities setup
4.1. bash
Three variables should be set on order to make bash understand the
8-bit characters. The best place is ~/.inputrc file. The following
should be set:
set meta-flag on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on
4.2. csh/tcsh
The following should be set in .cshrc:
setenv LC_CTYPE ISO-8859-5
stty pass8
4.3. remote access
Use 'rlogin -8'
4.4. emacs
The minimal cyrillic support in emacs is done by adding the following
calls to one's .emacs (provided that the Cyrillic character set
support is installed for console or X respectively):
(standard-display-european t)
(set-input-mode (car (current-input-mode))
(nth 1 (current-input-mode))
0)
This allows the user to view and input documents in Russian.
However, such mode is not of a big convenience because emacs doesn't
recognize the usual keyboard commands while set in Cyrillic input
mode. There is a number of packages which use the different approach.
They don't rely on the input mode stuff established by the environment
(either X or console. Instead, they allow the user to switch the input
mode by the special emacs command and emacs itself is responsible for
re-mapping the character set. There are, at least, two packages of
that type. One is cyr.el. It can be found in most Emacs-Lisp archives.
The other one is the package remap which tries to make such support
more generic. This package is written by Per Abrahamsen
(abraham@iesd.auc.dk) and is accessible at ftp.iesd.auc.dk.
4.5. less
So far, less doesn't support the KOI-8 character set, but the
following environment variable will do the job:
LESSCHARSET=latin1
4.6. ispell
Check the sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/academic/russian-studies/Software for
the russian dictionary created by Neal Dalton (nrd@cray.com) for the
ispell package.
4.7. Netscape
Set the following resource:
*documentFonts*registry: koi8
5. Printing
To print the text files containing the Russian characters using on
PostScript printers, you need two things: the fonts and the 8bit-aware
software able to print the texts using those fonts. The best package
to print the text files in PostScript is a2ps by Evan Kirshenbaum
(evan@csli) and Miguel Santana (miguel@imag.imag.fr). The last version
is 8bit-aware. You can get it from imag.imag.fr:/archive/postscript/.
Check the sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/academic/russian-studies/Software/ in
order to obtain the Cyrillic PostScript fonts. Also, there is a lot of
fonts in the SimTel <ftp://oak.oakland.edu/pub/SimTel/> collection.
6. Summary of the various useful resources
The remap package for Emacs <ftp://ftp.iesd.auc.dk/>
Many fonts collections for X
<ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/culture/russian/comp/xwin>
Useful Cyrillic packages <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/russian-
studies/Software>
The kbd package for Linux
<ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Keyboards/>
X fonts collections <ftp://ftp.switch.ch/mirror/linux/X11/fonts/>
rspell <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/russian-
studies/Software/rspell.tar.gz>
- --- END Linux Cyrillic HOWTO part 1/1 ---
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: 2.6.2
Comment: finger gregh@cc.gatech.edu for public key
iQCVAwUBMFYOmntNTo2suu5NAQG/UgQAkm3e4wlqmjHELAWCLZtQZx0xp0FUXozH
ININkmPjsb69qN43QMimtbzQbbqg+IrSgiiJ9l7kC5B53p1s+LMnkw4qK3L97axR
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UbcD+GhDZZw=
=6Yge
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.997postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Schwartz case: police reports
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 23:54:08 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix,comp.security.misc,misc.legal.computing ]
[ Author was Mark Morrissey ]
[ Posted on 4 Sep 1995 22:16:14 GMT ]
I sent these to the FORS mail list, but they seem to be lost in the
black hole that is the teleport mail server. Since the FAQ is being
blasted to the world, I thought that these reports should make it out
as well. Note that the reports were enterred as evidence in the trial,
and to my knowledge, not substantially challeged.
There are two reports, one from Detective P. Lazenby and one from Detective
J. Lilley of the Washington County Sheriff's office.
I'll note that neither reports is a classic example of good grammar, spelling
or even word choice (some are quite funny, imo), but I have reproduced them
as they were written.
--mark
-------------------------------------------
Report of Detective P. Lazenby.
NARRATIVE:
On 11/01/93, writer assisted Sr. Deputy Lilley in the preparation of a
search warrant in regards to Randal Schwartz who had been illegally
bypassing computer systems and using a password cracking program to
obtain passwords to a computer system within Intel.
On 11/01/93, writer and other members of the Special Investigations
Unit served a search warrant at 12290 SW Butner Road, the residence of
Randal Schwartz. Detective Lilley execute the warrant and advised both
the Schwartz brothers of their Miranda rights. Writer made contact
with Randal Schwartz in the back bedroom where Detective Lilley was
interviewing him. Writer introduce myself to Randal Schwartz and we
talked about the incident Randal admitted to writer that he had been
using the crack program to get passwords and had obtained what he
thought was ten to twelve passwords. He advised that they were on the
"SNOOPY" program at Intel in a subdirectory "PLAY" under "STUFF.TAR".
Writer then asked Randal if he felt he was doing anything wrong.
Randal told writer that he was in fact violating Intel policy and he
also thought that he could be criminally prosecuted for these
incidents. I advised Randal that this was still under investigation
but under Oregon law, it could possibly be a misdemeanor or felony and
that if had used the phone lines to transfer any of the information out
of state, there could be federal crimes. I asked Randal if he
understood this and he said that he did. I asked Randal if he was
still willing to cooperate with us and he said that he was.
I asked Randall when he first got caught doing this and how he had done
it. Randal advised that he first had the "GATE" program on the "MINK"
computer a while back and he was caught and confronted by supervisors.
Randal said he stopped using "MINK" and that he switched over "GATE" to
"HERMES" and was doing that but "HERMES" was too slow so he went back
to "MINK" again. He was caught again on "MINK" so he switched "GATE"
over to "BRILLIG".
Randal advised that he was using "MERLIN" as his login on those
systems. I asked Randal why he was using the "CRACK" program to obtain
passwords and asked if he realized that these passwords would access
the SSD system. Randal advised that he did realize this and that he
was obtaining the passwords because he wanted to get his E-mail
quicker. I asked Randal if he ever logged in on SSD using any of the
passwords. Randal said first that he only logged in and logged out one
time and later, changed it to two or three times. I asked Randal if he
ever copied anything or looked at anything and he said that he did
not.
I passed this information on to Intel personnel and they checked the
machine under "STUFF.TAR" and found that there were at least forty to
fifty passwords that had been compromised and obtained by Randal. I
went back and confronted Randal with this because he had told me that
there were only ten to twelve. Randal then said, "I don't remember how
many exactly because I was just sticking them under the "STUFF.TAR" and
not really using them."
I asked Randal why he would need forty to fifty passwords and he said,
"I needed them in case they caught me doing it and knew they would shut
me down so the more passwords I had, the longer I could continue doing
what I wanted to do." Randal advised that he had the capability to do
it and he knew he could do it. I asked Randal if this was wrong and in
violation of Intel policy and Randal said, "Yes it is, but I knew I
could do it anyway." Randal said that he wanted to do it because he
wanted to be efficient in getting his E-mail very fast and he felt was
important and when they shut him down, he wanted to continue doing what
he was doing and since he had the capability to do it and knew he could
do it, he did it without permission.
Randal then told me that about one or two years ago, he was a SYS
administrator at Intel with SSD and that he would run the "CRACK"
program back then. Randal advised that this was a tool used to keep
passwords honest. Randal said that if you can break it with "CRACK",
bad guys can too. I then told Randal that if he knew this, and it was
a security measure back then, why was he doing it without authorization
now. Randal advised that he knew it was totally wrong and would get in
trouble if caught doing it. I then asked Randal if he remembered using
"CRACK" to enter any other systems to obtain passwords. Randal advised
that he used "CRACK" on the "ORILEY" system which is his publishers
back east and he obtained a password from them. I asked Randal how he
did this and he said he put "ORILEY" on "SNOOPY", used "CRACK" on it
and obtained the password. He said he did it just because he was
curious to see if "ORILEY" had any security. Randal advised that he
only got one password. I asked him if he ever used that password to go
into the "ORILEY" system and he said no. I asked Randal if he used it
anywhere else and he said that he used it on "TECHBOOK". Randal
advised that this is a bulletin board type system and that he used
"CRACK" on that system to obtain their passwords. Randal advised that
he did get a password and that he wrote to James D. at "TECHBOOK" and
advised him that he had done this as a way of making him aware of his
weak security.
I asked Randal if he remembered any of the passwords that he used to
log into SSD and Randal advised me that he remembers using the RonB
password to log into SSD and then to get out. Randal advised that he
never looked at anything, just went in and right out. Randal also
advised writer that at one time, he let Ed Bunch, a SYS administrator
at Intel know he had obtained SSD passwords. Randal was very vague
about how this had occurred and when asked what Mr. Bunch's reply was,
he advised, "No response, I don't think he really heard me".
Detect Lilley interviewed Randal Schwartz more extensively. Refer to
his report for more details.
---------------------------------------------
Report of Detective J. Lilley
NARRATIVE:
On 11/01/93 at 11:40 a.m., I met with the above mentioned Intel
employees at the Intel building where I was advised of their discovery
that one of their contract employees, Randal Schwartz, had been
illegally bypassing access gates to systems and illegally utilizing
password cracking programs to crack passwords to computer systems.
(Refer to attached report by Mark Morrissey for details).
On 11/01/93 at 6:35 p.m., myself and the above named individuals served
a search warrant at 12290 SW Butner Road at the residence of Randal
Schwartz. At the time of service, I read the search warrant in it's
entirety to Mr. Schwartz and his brother, immediately followed by
reading them their Miranda rights to which they both acknowledged
understanding. While the other Washington County Officers conducted
the search warrant, I conducted an interview with Randal Schwartz
regarding his activities at Intel and I was variously assisted in the
technical aspects of the interview by Mr. Cower, Mr. Stites, and Mr.
Pierce.
Initially, Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that he had in fact bypassed
access gates to Intel systems, explaining that the did this in order to
be able to receive "E-mail" messages at his work station in Intel.
While Mr. Schwartz admitted that he knew what he was doing was both
against department policy and, to use his words, "technically illegal",
he stated that his only intent was to make it more convenient for him
to correspond through computer mail at his work station rather than
having to wait until he got back home.
I then asked him about his use of the password cracking program "CRACK"
to break passwords that would allow him to access files in Intel
computer systems referred to as "BRILLIG" and Intel Supercomputer's
Systems Division (SSD). Mr. Schwartz freely admitted to me that he
had in fact employed the "CRACK" program to access passwords for both
"BRILLIG" and SSD but told me that his only reason for doing so was to
test both security systems that should have prevented anyone from using
the crack type program to access passwords.
I then began to go into these matters with Mr. Schwartz. As a result
of questions by me, along with information volunteered to me by Mr.
Schwartz, I learned the following from Mr. Schwartz.
Schwartz stated that he had been accessing Intel's "MINK" system by a
method known as "backdooring" until about April of 1993. Again, he
stated that this was in order to enable him to receive electronic mail
at his work station at Intel but at this point, Schwartz admitted to me
that while conducting this backdooring, he knew it was against Intel
policy and could possibly be considered a criminal act. Mr. Schwartz
admitted to me that he was confronted by Mark Morrissey and an Intel
employee by the name of Dirk Brandewie and advised that what he was
doing was not permitted and that he was to reinstall the appropriate
gates to the "MINK" system to prevent outside access, Mr. Schwartz
told me that he in fact did do that and that for a while, he attempted
to use another system known as "HERMES" but found that the Hermes
system was too slow for his needs and so he then wrote a new program,
different from the first, that enabled him to re-access "MINK" in order
to receive electronic mail. Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that he was
confronted again by Mr. Morrissey and Mr. Brandewie (about July of
1993) at which time, he was once again told that this activity was not
permitted and that he was to cease doing it.
Mr. Schwartz then went into some detail as to his activities regarding
access the "BRILLIG" system and the SSD system and the using of the
Intel "SNOOPY" system to speed up the accessing "CRACK" program to
obtain passwords to allow him access to the systems. At this point,
Mr. Schwartz readily acknowledged that not only was this activity
against Intel policy but there was no doubt in his mind that he could
also be found criminally liable for this activity. However, Mr.
Schwartz was very adamant that his only purpose in conducting these
exercises was to try and find out how hardened these two systems were
against attempts to crack their password codes using "CRACK"
programming or similar. Mr. Schwartz did acknowledge however that
another reason he was attempting to crack a "BRILLIG" password was that
his contract with the "BRILLIG" system was soon due to end and he
wished to ensure that he would continue to have password access to the
"BRILLIG" system after his contract ended and his personal password
revoked.
In response to our questions, Mr. Schwartz was adamant that at not time
did he ever actually access files using any of the cracked passwords
that he had obtained using the "CRACK" program. However, on further
questioning, Mr. Schwartz did admit to me that about three years ago,
while working at "I-WARP" (and Intel subsidiary) that he had, in fact
access files in the I-WARP system through a process known as "ROOT" and
that at that time, he had taken the further step of actually viewing
information from files he had accessed. He admitted to me that when he
had done that he had known at the time that what he was doing was both
against Intel policy and also illegal. However, again, Mr. Schwartz
denied that during his accessing of "BRILLIG" and SSD, he had never at
any time either viewed the contents of any file that he had accessed,
not had he made any copies of any kind of any of those files.
Through conversation with Mr. Schwartz, I learned from him that he had
worked for Tektronix between the years of 1978 and 1983 and that at one
point (he believed somewhere around 1981) he had actually been
suspended at Tektronix for engaging in similar activities. He also
went on to admit that he worked for a company called Tandem between the
years of 1986 and 1987 and that as an April Fools joke on one of those
years, he had also illegally cracked password and accessed files in
Tandem's systems. He stated that as a result of this activity, he was
actually "technically terminated" for about two hours. Mr. Schwartz
stated however that he was immediately reinstated by a supervisor who
took the point of view that in fact what Mr. Schwartz had been doing
was actually part of his job description which was testing security
systems within computer systems for Tandem. Mr. Schwartz stated that
in fact, at that point in time, he was writing a book about security
systems and that he was doing this in part as research for his book.
During the course of our conversation, Mr. Schwartz made mention of the
fact that on occasion, he had entertained private fantasies of engaging
in computer espionage but explained that they were merely idle
daydreaming and that it was not something that he had given any serious
consideration to. We began to explore this avenue in greater depth and
during further discussion, Mr. Schwartz admitted to me that in the
course of his espionage fantasy, he had given thoughts to such matters
as what type of information would be the most valuable to competitors,
what people or organizations would be most interested in this
information who would provide the greatest reward. On urging from me,
he admitted that he suspected that the Cray Organization would probably
be the biggest competitor who would be the most interested, and pay the
most for, any intelligence that he obtained from Intel systems.
Mr. Schwartz at first was very vague in his answers as to what
information he would obtain and where he would obtain it, etc.
However, on further discussions with me, he became more specific about
the types of information, how he would access it, and who he would take
it to. At one point, I asked Mr. Schwartz if he had ever taken any
active steps in carrying out this fantasy and his response to me was,
"I never to any steps externally to carry out this fantasy". I then
asked him if that meant that he had possibly contacted somebody within
the Intel cooperation regarding this fantasy at which point he stated,
"No, no, I meant externally beyond the tips of my fingers, outside my
mind."
Mr. Schwartz also discussed with the Intel personnel in the interview
with me more technical aspects of his activities within Intel and
outside companies that he had contracts with. These statements were
better understood and assessed by the Intel personnel. Refer to their
reports on those aspects of our interviews.
At 9:00 p.m., we concluded our interviews and the service of the search
warrant of Mr. Schwartz's residence and cleared to return to the
Washington County Sheriff's Office.
On 11/02/93, I served a search warrant at Mr. Schwartz's business
address at Stone Hedge Consulting Services, 4470 SW Hall St. #107,
Beaverton, Oregon, finding that address was merely a private PO Box
service and that Box 107 was a mailbox for Mr. Schwartz. On service of
the search warrant at that location, I learned that there was only
routing mail in Mr. Schwartz's box and did not see or find anything
that was covered by the search warrant issued.
It should also be noted that on 11/01/93, while serving the search
warrant at Mr. Schwartz's residence, Intel personnel at our direction,
shut down Mr. Shcwartz's work station at Intel in order to maintain
evidentiary integrity of that work station.
On 11/02/93 at 10:00 a.m., I gave Intel personnel the service copy of
the search warrant, authorizing the search of Mr. Shcwartz's work
station on Intel property.
Investigation ongoing. No further action taken to this date.
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.995postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Letter to judge (Randal)
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 22:57:04 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix ]
[ Author was Lyle Settle ]
[ Posted on Sat, 2 Sep 1995 20:47:37 GMT ]
I am a friend of Randal Schwartz.
Following is my letter to Judge Bonebrake requesting
leniency in Randal's sentence.
I hope that all who have received benefits from Randal will
write letters of support. Please send your signed letter to:
Marc Sussman, Attorney at Law
New Market Way
135 S.W. Ash, Suite 600
Portland, OR 97204
(503) 221-0520
(503) 221-1908 (fax)
email: larryo@teleport.com
Many thanks, Lyle
==============================================================
Lyle Settle Writing Services
249 N 9th Street
San Jose, CA 95112
(408) 293-5757
Friday, August 25, 1995
The Honorable Alan C. Bonebrake
Circuit Court Judge
300 Washington County Courthouse
145 NE 2nd
Hillsboro, OR 97124
Dear Judge Bonebrake:
RE: State of Oregon v. Randal Schwartz
Washington County Circuit Court Case No. C94-0322CR
The purpose of this letter is to urge your consideration
of mitigating factors in the
sentencing of Randal Schwartz on September 11, 1995. As I
testified at his trial, I hold Randal in very high regard for
his prodigious technical skills, his integrity, his
truthfulness, his endearing personal qualities, and his
contributions to society. I have never known Randal to be
impolite, dishonest, dishonorable, envious of others,
perverse, or malicious in any way. Rather he has been a great
help to his fellow workers, to the companies he and they
served, and to hundreds of people worldwide.
First, permit me to reintroduce myself. I am 70 years of
age. At my expense I made the trip from my home in San Jose,
California, to appear as the last witness in Randal`s
defense. I have worked as a technical writer in the
computing business since 1962 and am currently employed as
Technical Writing Consultant for Visa International in San
Mateo, California. Attached is my current resume.
I have known Randal since 1978. We have worked together on
two jobs totaling about six years. On these jobs we worked
closely together for about 1,300 days. Although we are no
longer working together, I see Randal several times a year
when he visits the San Francisco Bay Area to teach Perl
classes.
I recruited the sixteen-year old Randal for my technical
writing team at Tektronix in 1978, where he performed
outstandingly--far beyond the call of duty and far beyond the
requirements stated in his job description. In my opinion, he
did the work of three ordinary people. He produced astounding
results that benefited Tektronix and the people around him.
Permit me to itemize (*) some of his accomplishments.
*****Randal received a division-level award for his
contribution that brought Tektronix $9,000,000 in revenue.
This was the opinion told to me by Mike Maerz, then Tek`s
Business Unit Manager and now an Intel Vice President. You
may recall seeing the plaque that Tek gave to Randal in
recognition of this contribution.
*****Randal created the department`s word processing and
automatic typesetting systems. The systems greatly improved
the productivity of about 30 writers. Furthermore, he
maintained the system in perfect working order through
several changes of equipment. All of this he did before the
days of desktop publishing. For its time Randal`s system was
a big accomplishment, especially when one realizes that he
did this in on top of his heavy workload of assigned duties.
*****Randal served as project leader on several books. Three
of his books won awards from the Society for Technical
Communication. Moreover, one of the Hughes companies
selected Tek as their vendor of choice because they liked
Randal`s books better than those of other vendors selling
competing products.
*****I left Tektronix in 1982 to join Tandem Computers, where
I worked for ten years. In 1985 I recruited Randal as
principal technical consultant and co-author of Tandem`s
Security Administration Guide . The guide was a required
document for the Department of Defense`s security
certification program.
*****A requirement of the Security Administration Guide was
that it itemize all possible avenues of intrusion into Tandem
systems and that it explain how to prevent such intrusions.
Digging into the bowels of the Tandem system, Randal found
several previously unknown avenues of intrusion. Some of
these Tandem could fix (and did). Others required special
security software tailored to the customer`s configuration
and security policy. To help customers, Randal created
software that system administrators could adapt to their
particular systems. The Security Administration Guide was a
great addition to Tandem`s library, eliciting dozens of
appreciative letters from Tandem customers and Tandem support
people around the world. The Defense Department`s
certification committee applauded the book and
told me that it contains exactly the
right information.
*****After publication of the Security Administration Guide,
Randal returned to his home in Portland. A year or so later,
Tandem was about to allow its customers limited access to the
Tandem network. Tandem security experts had taken extensive
precautions to protect against the possibility of customers
intruding beyond the allowed limits. Before allowing customer
access, however, Tandem contracted with Randal to try to
break past the allowed limits into parts of the network
reserved for Tandem people. Within a few minutes after his
arrival in Cupertino, he succeeded! Tandem treated his break-
in as a contribution to their security effort. They fixed the
loopholes and happily paid his fee.
*****While Randal was working in Cupertino, he assisted with
San Jose`s Albert Schweitzer Concert, an annual event I
organize to honor the memory of Albert Schweitzer and to
raise funds for poor and homeless people. Randal gave several
days to publicizing the event beforehand and to distributing
the proceeds afterwards.
*****Judging from his teaching schedule posted on the Internet,
Randal has taught Perl to nearly 1,000 new students since his
indictment on All Saints Day 1993.
I ask you to consider the following points:
1. Randal has no previous criminal record.
2. Randal has throughout his working life demonstrated a
strong commitment to work for the betterment of his
employers. Beyond a shadow of doubt, I believe this was true
throughout his employment at Intel.
3. Randal has deservedly received public recognition for his
contributions as noted in the preceding paragraphs.
4. Judging by the discussions following his conviction from
Internet correspondents all over the world, there are
hundreds of people who agree that Randal is an
extraordinarily fine person. He does not deserve harsh
treatment.
5. Already, Randal has received harsh punishment for his
activities.
6. Despite Intel`s charges at the trial, Randal
nonetheless helped Intel for several years. An enlightened
management would be grateful to him for awakening them to the
fact that their security procedures were flawed.
Thanking you for considering this request for leniency, I am,
Sincerely yours,
Lyle Settle
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.996postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: Oregon v. Schwartz FAQ
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 1995 23:29:56 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.security.unix,comp.security.misc,misc.legal.computing ]
[ Author was Jeffrey Kegler ]
[ Posted on 4 Sep 1995 13:43:34 -0700 ]
This is the FAQ for the fors-discuss (Friends of Randal Schwartz)
mailing list, now into its 3rd version.
==== Start of FAQ
OREGON V. SCHWARTZ FAQ (V3)
Disclaimer for early drafts: It is possible, as I have gathered
this material from miscellaneous mailing list messages, news
postings, and so forth, that it contains errors of ascertainable
fact or ascribes statements to people who never made them. I
regret both deeply. Please inform me of any such problems so I
may correct them immediately.
I have tried to represent people's views in their own words. One
disadvantage is this requires taking old postings. News is an
interactive medium, and one takes less care than in writing for
other forums. I am open to considering replacement language from
the same source, where the poster wants to revise his remarks.
Significantly changed or new questions are followed by an
asterisk.
FAQ Index
Q1. What is Oregon v. Schwartz?
Q2. Why the interest in Oregon v. Schwartz?
Q3. Who is Randal Schwartz?
Q4. What was count 1?
Q5. Why does Randal say he created the gateway?
Q6. Was the gateway authorized or unauthorized?*
Q7. What was count 2?*
Q8. What was count 3?
Q9. Why was Randal running crack? Was Randal authorized to
check security using crack?
Q10. What is crack and who should run it?
Q11. What is the most serious evidence against Randal?*
Q12. How does Randal explain his confession?*
Q13. Even if Randal is guilty, this does not seem like the sort
of thing you ordinarily prosecute. Why did they?
Q14. Was there no offer of a plea bargain?*
Q15. Besides Randal, who's who in this case?*
Q16. What was the chronology of events?*
Q17. How can I help? And does Randal keep his own version of
this story anywhere?
Q18. Where can I find more information?*
Q1. What is Oregon v. Schwartz?
The case in which Randal Schwartz was convicted on July 25, 1995
of three computer crime felonies.
Q2. Why the interest in Oregon v. Schwartz?
There are quite a few interesting aspects to this case. First,
cracker cases which come to trial are still somewhat unusual.
Second, the defendant. Randal Schwartz is the first wizard
convicted of cracking. That is, he is the first prominent
cracker who was already prominent for legitimate reasons. Third,
the circumstances. There appears to be no case made that Randal
was malicious, or had anything like what laymen recognize as
criminal intent. The element of "personal gain" necessary for
the theft counts was supplied by Randal confessing he hoped what
he did would make a favorable impression on Intel. Fourth, the
law. As the above would indicate, the laws, and the court's
interpretation of them, was very sweeping, and seems to
criminalize activity widely regarded as normal, helpful and even
necessary. Fifth, Internet security policy implications. In the
Morris case, it was clear the conviction strengthened computer
security. Here that conclusion seems most dubious.
Q3. Who is Randal Schwartz?
Randal is perhaps Perl's number one fan. His early and energetic
advocacy of Perl and his co-authorship with Larry Wall of that
language's most authoritative text have identified Randal with
Perl so thoroughly he is often mistakenly thought of as co-
inventor of Perl. (Larry Wall invented Perl alone.) Randal is
widely known through his generosity in answering perl questions
on the net, and he is an established and generally well liked
personality on the Internet. Randal is far from the
stereotypical cracker.
Q4. What was count 1?
Knowingly and without authorization altering a computer network.
This refers to Randal installing gateway programs on two
computers so he could access Intel computers from a remote
computer.
Q5. Why does Randal say he created the gateway?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700): "I established what I believed to be very secure
ways of checking on my Intel email over the internet while I was
away from Intel (for the small number of weeks that I was out of
town), and having Xterms and X-emacs access my Xserver at Intel
while I was at my desk (part time). ('gate' and 'door' were in
Perl, making this what I believe to be the first time Perl code
is now a part of the public record. :-)"
Randal's claim of benign intent does not seem to have been
contested in court. Apparently malicious or criminal intent was
not a necessary element of this crime.
Q6. Was the gateway authorized or unauthorized?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700): "Now, having said that, there's another flaw
with charge one. If, as Intel claims in the trial, that my
actions in March and June of 1993 (where I was told to modify
'door' and 'gate' to be more secure) are truly crimes, why the
heck was I allowed to work until November 1993? This seems to be
the case of moving the line drawn in pencil on the floor (not
visible under average light) to the other side of the room
without telling me, and retroactively deciding that something I
wasn't even disciplined for is now a crime. Gack."
Mark Morrissey on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Tue, 15 Aug 95 10:18
PDT): "In about March of 1993, Dirk and I confronted Randal after
Dirk found a program owned by Randal running on a machine named
mink that would allow incoming access to Intel from the Internet.
Dirk and I told Randal quite clearly and very explicitely that
access to Intel networks from outside of Intel was a violation of
Intel security policy. Randal seemed quite surprised and was
very apologetic, so I told him that we would handle the situation
internally and not involve Intel security. Since Randal didn't
seem to know the rules, I made sure that he understood them and
let him off with a warning. I informed Intel security that a
possible security hole had been found and resolved.
Mark: "Let me be very clear: Randal agreed to modify the program
so that it would not receive connections from IP addresses not in
the Intel domain. Later checking by Dirk confirmed that Randal
had installed this block (at least, this is what Dirk told me).
Mark: "Randal certainly understood that the problem was access to
Intel networks from outside of the company. I made this very
clear and he assured me that he understood."
The FAQ-keeper asked "Why leave the gateway running at all?" and
Mark Morrissey responded on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 95 10:42
PDT): "Randal told us that he used the program for making
connections out of Intel, which was the sole purpose for the
existence of the machine mink. This explains why the gate
program wasn't terminated."
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 20:44:03
-0700) gave a longer version of events as corrections and
additions to a scenario put forth by the FAQ-keeper. The
scenario began as follows:
1. Intel discovers 'door', labels it offending and orders it
changed.
2. Randal accepts the Intel policy, and changes 'door'.
3. Intel checks and passes on the changed 'door', seemingly
implicitly authorizing it.
Randal then picked up the story: "4. Randal abandons use of
'door' (allowing access to *any* inside machine once you get
through all of the security locks), shortly thereafter.
Randal: "5. Some substantial time later, Randal creates 'gate',
restricting access only to a single machine that does not contain
product data and believed to be reasonably secure.
Randal: "6. Dirk/Mark discover gate, decide that *that* isn't
secure enough. Randal says he no longer needs account if he
can't even run gate there, and asks for account to be closed.
They comply.
Randal: "7. Randal runs 'gate' on SSD machine, which has security
policy more accomodating and familiar.
Randal: "8. Months later, when Intel begins prosecution relating
to use of crack, they decide that events 2 and 6 are now
felonious action, when in prior instances, it hadn't even
resulted in even so much as a sanction or other disciplinary
action.
Randal: "So, some points here:
Randal: "I *never* *knowingly* disobeyed any guidelines handed to
me. My understanding of event 2 is that they were telling me
that 'door' wasn't secure enough because it allowed access to any
machine. I *never* ran 'door' in that fashion again. Ever.
Randal: "'gate' had a very narrow purpose, akin to what I was
doing for my group when I was at iWarp/SSD... access to a
specific, non-product machine. When Mark/Dirk disagreed with
even its use, I finally concluded that they were being even more
tight than SSD. So I moved the program back to SSD, where I
understood the policy to be more liberal. [ ... ] 'door' and
'gate' had entirely different access protocols and scope of
operation."
Mike Northam on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 21:16:19 -0700):
Mike: "Having worked at Intel as a contractor both within SSD and
in other Intel organizations, I can vouch for Randal's assertion
that SSD is 'different'. [ ... ] but my view is that SSD, being
more a research organization, is more "accomodating" than other
Intel divisions. And, since Randal had worked there for several
years previously, I can imagine it would seem 'more familiar'."
Mark Morrissey on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 95 22:27 PDT): Mark:
"I'll yield to Randal on the mink incident since I never saw the
second program, only the first. All I know is that I was told
that he had made the changes to the script that we saw to block
outside connections and at a later date I was told that the
blocks were removed and when confronted, opted to have his
account removed.
Mark: "This is consistent with his email on this subject and I
apologize for calling both programs 'gate'. Thanks for the
corrections Randal."
In response to my question, exactly which instances count 1
consisted of, Randal replied on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995
12:46:14 -0700): "door on mink (mar 93), gate on mink (may/jun
93), gate on brillig (nov 93)".
Q7. What was count 2?
Theft of a password file. This consisted of copying it from one
Intel machine to another.
Q8. What was count 3?
Theft again, this time of individual passwords decrypted from
that same file. Randal decrypted these passwords using crack.
Q9. Why was Randal running crack? Was Randal authorized to
check security using crack?
Randal L. Schwartz on on misc.legal.computing (09 Aug 1995
19:17:08 -0700): "I had never ever been instructed not to run
Crack while at Intel. I had started running it on my own
initiative while a sysadm at iWarp, and it was still being run
when I left iWarp/SSD in mid 92. Why no-one was running it in
oct 93 is *still* the question. (If they had, I suspect I would
not have discovered 48 passwords of 600 users, and that the vice
president's password was 'pre$ident'.)"
Mark Morrissey on comp.sys.intel,misc.legal.computing (2 Aug 1995
22:18:01 GMT): "But he *wasn't* a systems administrator for the
systems on which crack was being run (*I* was the systems
administrator for those systems) and he wasn't a systems
administrator for SSD at the time in question. Also, he *knew*
who to contact at SSD and failed to do so. At a very minimum, he
could have informed me and asked me to handle things. We did,
after all, sit next to each other."
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 12:46:14 -0700): "I
walked out in a huff two months early on the iWarp/SSD contract.
This is part of the reason that I didn't immediately report my
results about the SSD security problem -- because I had left in a
huff, I wanted to make sure I had all my ducks in a row before I
cried wolf. And I couldn't bear to say it too early, so I got
pigeonholed into being a snake in the grass. (:-)"
Again, Randal's claim of benign intent does not seem to have been
contested in court.
Q10. What is crack and who should run it?
Crack is a program to find weak passwords by the direct means --
cracking them. The idea is that if a good guy can crack a
password, so can the bad guy. Of course, and unfortunately,
crack is a highly useful tool to bad guys as well.
From Cheswick & Bellovin, _Firewalls and Internet Security_, p.
245.: C&B: "If none of these [authentication devices or a "smart"
version of passwd] are used, crack your own password files and
weed out the weak ones. Crack is a well known and widely
distributed password cracking program by Alec Muffett." Far from
discouraging its use, CERT distributes it as
ftp://ftp.cert.org/pub/tools/crack. Perhaps ironically, one of
the people credited by Alec Muffet for help with this important
tool is Randal Schwartz.
Q11. What is the most serious evidence against Randal?
Of the material out so far, the police report, which contains a
lot of confession language attributed to Randal. The whole is
important to read. It is currently only available in Randal's
archive of fors-discuss. What follows are the most damning
statements:
Report of Detective P. Lazenby, quoted by Mark Morrissey on fors-
discuss (Fri, 1 Sep 1995 21:32:24 -0700 (PDT)): "Writer then
asked Randal if he felt he was doing anything wrong. Randal told
writer that he was in fact violating Intel policy and he also
thought that he could be criminally prosecuted for these
incidents."
Lazenby: "I asked Randal if this was wrong and in violation of
Intel policy and Randal said, 'Yes it is, but I knew I could do
it anyway.' Randal said that he wanted to do it because he
wanted to be efficient in getting his E-mail very fast and he
felt was important and when they shut him down, he wanted to
continue doing what he was doing and since he had the capability
to do it and knew he could do it, he did it without permission."
Lazenby: "I then told Randal that if he knew this, and it was a
security measure back then, why was he doing it [ running crack ]
without authorization now. Randal advised that he knew it was
totally wrong and would get in trouble if caught doing it."
Reading of the whole shows its author to have considerable
knowledge of computer jargon, and Randal to have been surprising
familiar both with Oregon computer crime law and the elements
necessary to a full confession.
Q12. How does Randal explain his alleged confession?
Randal on fors-discuss (Sat, 02 Sep 1995 08:32:48 -0700): "I was
indeed read my rights before any questioning started.
Randal: "In a brilliant example of the all-around bad judgement
about this incident, I just started talking. You see, I was
determined to show that *nothing* was going on, and that if they
were considering me as having committed some bad act, they must
simply just not understand what I was doing yet. So I spent two
hours trying to educate them.
Randal: "Please, I've heard the 'next time, call a lawyer' 97
times. Spare me the private email about that.
Randal: "I've never had a run-in with the law before. I've
always thought cops were my friends. That's the way I was
raised. So, while this situation was different and scary, I
still thought that the guys sitting across the room from me
asking me questions were there to help me. Perhaps they could
even be a neutral arbitor.
Randal: "As it turns out, cops, like all of us, seem to have
selective hearing. I had somehow forgotten that. (I had
selective memory. :-)"
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 17:45:11 -0700): "[ ...
] they should be read knowing that: (1) the cops had a tape
recorder in the car, but chose not to use it. (2) the cops had
*video* equipment at the office, but chose not to bring it. (3)
little or no notes were taken from a two hour 'interview' (aka
interrogation). (4) I tried to make the cops understand
everything that was happening, but I was very very stressed and
confused, because while this 'interview' was going on, other cops
were scouring my house, ripping out computer systems. (This is
not the usual sort of behavior at my house. :-) (5) I recall the
cops testifying that the information was very technical, and many
times hard for them to understand. (6) I *now* understand why
I'm not supposed to talk to cops without a lawyer present, as the
difference between what I understood to say and what actually
ended up on the paper is nearly night and day. (If you've had
the opportunity, recall the last time you were quoted in the
popular news media... :-)"
Mark Morrissey, quoted by Randal on fors-discuss (Sat, 02 Sep
1995 10:10:58 -0700): "I believe that the reports basically
substantiate what Randal has said publicly here. I don't think
that anyone will find anything that substantially conflicts with
his version. However, what I have found interesting from the
beginning, and about which I had several conversations with the
investigators regarding, is Randal's statement that he was
cracking passwords so that he could continue to read his email
even after he was terminated by Intel at the end of his contract
(and presumably no longer had an account). This is confirmed by
the Intel UNIX security expert (who is *very* good, I assure you)
who was present for much of the interview."
Randal in that same message: "My legal team has gone over that
statement with me in detail. We believe that it is actually a
very good demonstration that what they were understanding and/or
recording was different than what was in my head.
Randal: "It may very well be that I said, under the stress of the
situation, exactly what was in those reports. But my mind
sometimes races ahead of what I am saying, especially under
stress. As I have already said in this forum before, I answered
'yes' to the prosecutor's question of 'so you did this for
personal gain?', when in fact, what I was thinking of was 'well,
it was to keep my employment at Intel, and that benefits me
personally, so yes.'
Randal: "Clearly, viewing the record of my statements in the
clear calm of a situation removed from the original interrogation
reveals the lunacy. Why would I want to read *my* email after
*I* had been terminated??? The real question then for review is:
(1) what question did I think I was answering, and (2) what did I
say, and (3) what did I think I meant by that? I would say #2
can be answered by the police report, but we have to get to #1
and #3 to get the whole picture."
Mark quoted by Randal: "I have always believed Randal's version
with the one caveat mentioned above. This detail appears in
every report and was mentioned by everyone who was involved in
the interviews (which I was not, being at Intel preserving the
chain of evidence). It could simply be a case of nerves on
Randal's part, but I haven't had a chance to buy him a beer to
talk about things. The ramifications are evident: he appears to
have intended to leave gate running after he left the company and
intended to use other accounts and passwords for some reason -
the loss to explain this part."
Randal: "No, I intended continued employment and continued access
to my email while I was employed. Even if I misspoke. :-)"
Q13. Even if Randal is guilty, this does not seem like the sort
of thing you ordinarily prosecute. Why did they?
Randal L. Schwartz on fors-discuss@teleport.com (Mon, 14 Aug 1995
15:10:45 -0700) Randal: "Allowing me to opine for a moment, it
seems that as long as I was being innovative in directions that
didn't embarrass the vice president of SSD, I could experiment
all I wanted, because my overall net contribution to the company
far exceeded any hassle I was causing the grunts. And, both the
mail-access method and running crack were further attempts on my
part to be of overall benefit to the company. But we know how
these two turned out. :-("
John H. Woodard, an Intel lawyer quoted in the Oregonian:
Woodard: "I think it was good for all the high-tech companies
moving into this area that the county is willing to pursue these
types of crimes."
FAQ-keeper: Personally, this case has me afraid to change planes
in Washington County.
Mike Northam on fors-discuss (Wed, 30 Aug 1995 19:47:47 -0700):
"My personal feeling (and this is pure speculation) is that there
were perhaps cracking attempts, possibly industrial espionage,
against some Intel systems which hold major corporate secrets
about the Pentium follow-on chip. Perhaps this kind of thing was
what caused the major reaction against Randal.
Mike: "What folks [ ... ] perhaps need to fully understand is
that hundreds of millions of dollars are at stake in those kinds
of ballparks. Finding a system accessible to the outside world,
in any manner whatsoever, bypassing the firewalls would cause the
alarm bells to ring, I've no doubt. But why, after it became
apparent that the 'attack' was benign, would Intel press for
felony charges?"
Q14. Was there no offer of a plea bargain?
Randal on fors-discuss (Fri, 01 Sep 1995 12:54:50 -0700): "1)
first offer, prior to *indictment* (mar 94): one felony. (At
this point, we weren't even able to figure out what they could
possibly charge me for, so I couldn't figure out why I was
possibly copping to a felony.)
Randal: "2) second offer, the week before the trial (jul 95):
wants to apply misdemeanor treatment for the crimes, I won't
stand in the way, but I won't suggest it either'. (This is
before the judge even gets to hear any of the evidence.)
Randal: "Both offers, obviously, were declined."
Q15. Besides Randal, who's who in this case?
Thomas J. Tintera, Senior Deputy D.A., was the prosecutor.
Alan C Bonebrake, Circuit Court Judge, was the judge at the
trial.
Marc A. Sussman is Randal's defense attorney.
Mark Morrissey was sysadmin of the system crack was run against,
and the person who discovered crack running. He testified at the
trial.
Dirk Brandaweighe was another Intel sysadmin who worked for Mark.
Detective P. Lazenby was one of those who searched Randal's
apartment. He filed a report containing many statements by
Randal full of confession language.
Sr. Deputy Lilley was another officer who participated in the
search. He apparently wrote a more extensive report, which as of
this version of the FAQ, the FAQ-keeper has not seen.
An Ed Bunch is mentioned in Det. Lazenby's report as an Intel
sysadmin who may have been told that Randal had found passwords.
John H. Woodard is an Intel lawyer, who observed much of the
trial.
Q16. What was the chronology of events?
November 1, 1992: Start of activity alleged in indictment.
March 1993: Randal's 'door' program is discovered on mink and
changed to meet Intel's objections.
May/June 1993: Randal's 'gate' program is discovered on mink.
Randal is reponse to objections, asks for mink account to be
closed.
September 24, 1993: Crack runs started by this day.
October 28, 1993: Intel discovers crack program running.
November 1993: 'gate' is found running on Brillig.
November 1 1993: End of activity alleged in indictment.
Randal's residence searched.
March 1994, but before the indictment: Randal is offered the
change to plead guilty to one felony count.
March 14, 1994: Randal indicted on 3 felony counts.
Apr 19, 1994: Randal was scheduled to return to enter a plea
this day.
July 1995 (one week before the trial): Second plea bargain
offered. Prosecution offers to neither oppose or support
misdemeanor treatment before judge.
Jul 25, 1995: Randal convicted on all 3 counts.
Sep 11, 1995: Sentencing scheduled for this day.
Q17. How can I help? And does Randal keep his own version of
this story anywhere?
Send email to fund@stonehenge.com for more information about
Randal's version of these events, his defense fund, and
suggestions on how you can help. You will get an automatic
response and the content of the mail message will be ignored.
Q18. Where can I find more information?
The web site is http://www.usa1.com/fors.
There are two mailing lists: fors-discuss@teleport.com (The
Friends of Randal Schwartz discussion group) and fors-
announce@teleport.com (The Friends of Randal Schwartz
announcement list). Despite the name, fors-discuss has been open
to all viewpoints, and is the best place to follow the case.
Randal archives the past messages of fors-discuss at
ftp://teleport.com/pub/merlyn/fors.
The newsgroup comp.security.unix, comp.security.misc and
misc.legal.computing also contain some discussion of this case.
Archived news articles discussing the case can be batch
downloaded from
http://cheddar.nyswri.cfe.cornell.edu/news/batch.htm.
--
Jeffrey Kegler, President, Algorists, Inc.
743 East El Camino Real, #338, Sunnyvale CA 94087, jeffrey@best.com
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.1000postmast,
From: vukota@fon (Milos Vukotic)
Subject: HELP!!!
Date: Sat, 23 Sep 1995 23:11:09 GMT
Misa Trivkovic (bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
: Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na drugom disku
: particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa particionom tabelom, ako
: nije... :)
Ponekad je bolje upotrebiti DM (Disk Manager) ili DISKEDIT ili tako nesto,
jer sta ako je coveku disk veci od 520 MB , a ima obican IDE kontroler :))),
mada mi se cini da to nije ovde slucaju :)))
Vukota
unix.1001postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 18:58:23 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-22-95 05:35 Zoranp@fon wrote:
> butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
> "block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
> i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
> mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
Zo> Pitanje da li si tada digao sistem sa boot diskete i da li radi LILO?
Zo> Ako radi LILO i
Zo> Ako je LILO instaliran na Linux particiji, ponoviti proceduru lilo
Zo> koja se vrsi posle nekih promena u /etc/lilo.conf. Preciznije moras da
Zo> proglasis da je root read-only, uobicajena poruka koja se javlja pri
Zo> svezoj instalaciji. Kod mene - InfoMagic 4-CD Set Linux 1.2.1 iz Marta
Zo> 95 se poruka javljala, po ubacivanju read-only system je mogao da vrsi
Zo> fsck root particije. Da li si ti imao ovu poruku i kako ti je root
Zo> particija bila setovana dok je sistem radio ? Iz tvoje poruke se vidi
Zo> da je radio fsck ( pitanje butovanja- sa diska ili sa boot diskete ?)
Zo> Da li uspevas da pri boot-ovanju sa boot diskete das opciju
Zo> mount root=/dev/hdb1 i da tako mountujes neku particiju, preciznije
Zo> ovde je to drugi disk ( /dev/hdb a particija 1 /dev/hdb1 ), i da tada
Zo> izvrsis fsck doticne particije ?
Kao prvo, ja mogu da dignem sistem sa prvog diska i da dobijem lilo prompt
i ostalo, ali samo mauntovanje drugog diska, tj. particije /dev/hdb1, ne
prolazi. Tada se javlja poruka o gresci, a ako dignem sistem sa root/boot
disketa i pokusam fsck, tada se javlja ona navedena poruka "block bitmap
264275204 for group 0 not in group" i fsck prekida dalji rad.
I nijedna njegova opcija ne radi nista osim sto prijavi istu gresku na
isti nacin.
Lako bih ja sredio lilo da je on problem, ali izgleda da je problem u
nekim podacima na /dev/hdb1 koji "omogucavaju" mauntovanje te particije.
Sta bi to moglo da bude, i kako da se sredi, nemam pojma.
Poziv za pomoc uz nadoknadu u obliku pica, a moze i soka, je i dalje
otvoren, uz moju ogromantnu zahvalnost svakome ko pomogne na neki nacin.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.1002postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 18:58:30 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-23-95 23:11 Vukota@fon wrote:
Vu> Misa Trivkovic (bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
Vu> : Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na
Vu> drugom disku : particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa
Vu> particionom tabelom, ako : nije... :)
Vu> Ponekad je bolje upotrebiti DM (Disk Manager) ili DISKEDIT ili tako
Vu> nesto, jer sta ako je coveku disk veci od 520 MB , a ima obican IDE
Vu> kontroler :))), mada mi se cini da to nije ovde slucaju :)))
Eh sad, fdisk nije bas resenje, jer ne zelim da si izgubim 100M podesenog
linuxa, ukljucujuci i picnuti Xwindows koji je jako lepo radio.
Plus gomilica sorsova koji su mi sad nedostupni itd itd itd...
A sta bih radio sa diskeditom kad on verovatno ni ne bi mogao da cita po
linux particiji? I gde da trazim gresku ako bi i citao?
BTW, disk je od 122M, quantum els127, na obicnom ide kontroleru i 386dx40,
mada ne vidim znacaj tih podataka.
BTW2, koristim ovu priliku da Vecxu i Dragishu posebno zamolim za pomoc,
jer ne znam dvojicu vecih znalaca linuxa.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.1003postmast,
From: dragisha@hobbiton.CO.YU (Dragisa N. Duric)
Subject: problem sa particijom
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 13:02:37 GMT
Helem, glede ovoga problema kod andre(j?)e, nisam se sretao sa slicnim, ali
posto otkazuje na pokusaje fsck/debugfs jedino sto mi ovako na suvo pada na
pamet je da se proba sa rezervnim superblokom ili kako se to vec zove.
Znaci, fsck /dev/hdb1 8191 ili slicno, ne mogu sada da se sjetim po kom
uzorku on to pravi, ali cu pogledam okolo. Preporucujem sljedece
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 776 Aug 25 02:47 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.lsm
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 430753 Aug 25 04:14 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 685 Aug 25 04:14 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.lsm
-rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 44235 Aug 25 04:16 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.ps.gz
unix.1010postmast,
From: panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu (Mijuskovic Veselin)
Subject: Re: unix
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 07:34:57 GMT
Vlada Calic (vcalic@sezam.UUCP) wrote:
: >> Srecna vest!
: >>
: >> Novell je prodao UNIX!
: >>
: >> I to SCO-u.
: He, a kad se setimo ko drzi SCO... ;)) Znaci, uskoro se najavljuje
: Unix 97 ;)
Novell je dobio 17% akcija SCO (Microsoft ima 12%) + deo dobiti od
prodaje UnixWare-a do 2027. godine (+/- par godina) ali maximalno
84 miliona US$ ukupno. SCO je pored source-a za UnixWare dobio i licence
za NetWare Directory Services i NetWare 4.xx. SCO planira da naporedo
izdaje SCO Open Server i UnixWare do 1997. , kada bi trebao da izadje
novi Unix proizvod, koji ce sadrzavati najbolje od oba sadasnja
proizvoda. Sredinom sledece godine treba da izadje zajednicki
Development paket. Inace, u sve je ukljucen i HP, pa ce zajedno da
razvijaju poslovno okruzenje. Trenutno, HP je zaduzen da uklopi
NDS u DCE (Desktop Common Environment), novi *de facto* standard za
desktop Unix-e, i da sve poveze na svoju RISC arhitekturu i HP-UX.
SCO planira da kupi licencu za UNIX 95 (nema veze sa Win95), novom
Unix standardu koji je propisala X/Open Ltd. koja drzi prava na Unix
licencu (samo proizvodi koji imaju UNIX 95 licencu imaju pravo da
u imenu proizvoda imaju rec Unix). Nazalost, ova licenca je izgleda
namenjena novom *sjedinjenom* proizvodu (OS5 + UnixWare), jer po
uslovima licence, proizvodjac ima dve godine na raspolaganju dok ne
postigne punu UNIX 95 kompatibilnost za proizvod za koji je dobijena
licenca.
Sto se tice Win95, SCO ce izdati u oktobru Wintif95, Motif biblioteku
koja daje Win95 look Unix aplikacijama. Inace, SCO ne odustaje od
strategije Unix server + Win/Win95 desktop radne stanice. Poznato je da
je SCO istupio iz konzorcijuma koji je definisao DCE, standard koji je
namenjen Unix desktop masinama.
--
Panzer
In real life : Mijuskovic Veselin Internet : panzer@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu
/Meeyoushkowitch Veselyn/ DECnet : UBBG::EMIJUSKO
unix.1009postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 00:20:55 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-23-95 23:11 Vukota@fon wrote:
Vu> Misa Trivkovic (bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU) wrote:
Vu> : Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na
Vu> drugom disku : particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa
Vu> particionom tabelom, ako : nije... :)
Vu> Ponekad je bolje upotrebiti DM (Disk Manager) ili DISKEDIT ili tako
Vu> nesto, jer sta ako je coveku disk veci od 520 MB , a ima obican IDE
Vu> kontroler :))), mada mi se cini da to nije ovde slucaju :)))
Eh sad, fdisk nije bas resenje, jer ne zelim da si izgubim 100M podesenog
linuxa, ukljucujuci i picnuti Xwindows koji je jako lepo radio.
Plus gomilica sorsova koji su mi sad nedostupni itd itd itd...
A sta bih radio sa diskeditom kad on verovatno ni ne bi mogao da cita po
linux particiji? I gde da trazim gresku ako bi i citao?
BTW, disk je od 122M, quantum els127, na obicnom ide kontroleru i 386dx40,
mada ne vidim znacaj tih podataka.
BTW2, koristim ovu priliku da Vecxu i Dragishu posebno zamolim za pomoc,
jer ne znam dvojicu vecih znalaca linuxa.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.1008postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 00:20:51 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-22-95 05:35 Zoranp@fon wrote:
> butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
> "block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
> i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
> mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
Zo> Pitanje da li si tada digao sistem sa boot diskete i da li radi LILO?
Zo> Ako radi LILO i
Zo> Ako je LILO instaliran na Linux particiji, ponoviti proceduru lilo
Zo> koja se vrsi posle nekih promena u /etc/lilo.conf. Preciznije moras da
Zo> proglasis da je root read-only, uobicajena poruka koja se javlja pri
Zo> svezoj instalaciji. Kod mene - InfoMagic 4-CD Set Linux 1.2.1 iz Marta
Zo> 95 se poruka javljala, po ubacivanju read-only system je mogao da vrsi
Zo> fsck root particije. Da li si ti imao ovu poruku i kako ti je root
Zo> particija bila setovana dok je sistem radio ? Iz tvoje poruke se vidi
Zo> da je radio fsck ( pitanje butovanja- sa diska ili sa boot diskete ?)
Zo> Da li uspevas da pri boot-ovanju sa boot diskete das opciju
Zo> mount root=/dev/hdb1 i da tako mountujes neku particiju, preciznije
Zo> ovde je to drugi disk ( /dev/hdb a particija 1 /dev/hdb1 ), i da tada
Zo> izvrsis fsck doticne particije ?
Kao prvo, ja mogu da dignem sistem sa prvog diska i da dobijem lilo prompt
i ostalo, ali samo mauntovanje drugog diska, tj. particije /dev/hdb1, ne
prolazi. Tada se javlja poruka o gresci, a ako dignem sistem sa root/boot
disketa i pokusam fsck, tada se javlja ona navedena poruka "block bitmap
264275204 for group 0 not in group" i fsck prekida dalji rad.
I nijedna njegova opcija ne radi nista osim sto prijavi istu gresku na
isti nacin.
Lako bih ja sredio lilo da je on problem, ali izgleda da je problem u
nekim podacima na /dev/hdb1 koji "omogucavaju" mauntovanje te particije.
Sta bi to moglo da bude, i kako da se sredi, nemam pojma.
Poziv za pomoc uz nadoknadu u obliku pica, a moze i soka, je i dalje
otvoren, uz moju ogromantnu zahvalnost svakome ko pomogne na neki nacin.
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.1007postmast,
From: bale@cview.com (Aleksandar Bakic)
Subject: Re: Elk 3.0
Date: Sun, 24 Sep 1995 19:51:19 GMT
Andrija Ifkovic (andrija@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: : [Tcl/Tk moze u kantu --prim. AB]
Hm, cini mi se da sam dobio neki warning da prethodni reply ne moze
da stane... (nekih 78 linija). Evo jos jedno poslednjih 100-nak.
* Step 2. Other languages should be implemented on top of Scheme.
** Rush is a cleaned-up version of the Tcl language, which runs far
faster than Tcl itself, by means of translation into Scheme. Some
kludgy but necessary Tcl constructs don't work in Rush, and Tcl
aficionadoes may be unhappy about this; but Rush provides cleaner ways
to get the same results, so users who write extensions should like it
better. Developers looking for an extension language are likely to
prefer Rush to Tcl if they are not already attached to Tcl. Here are a
couple of examples supplied by Adam Sah:
*** To pass an array argument without copying it, in Tcl you must use
upvar or make the array a global variable. In Rush, you can simply
declare the argument "pass by reference".
*** To extract values from a list and pass them as separate arguments
to a function, in Tcl you must construct a function call expression
using that list, and then evaluate it. This can cause trouble if the
other arguments contain text that includes any special Tcl syntax. In
Rush, the apply function handles this simply and reliably.
*** Rush eliminates the need for the "expr" command by allowing infix
mathematical expressions and statements. For example, the Tcl
computation `"set a [expr $b*$c]' can be written as `a = b*c' in
Rush. (The Tcl syntax works also.)
Some references:
[SBD94] Adam Sah, Jon Blow and Brian Dennis. "An Introduction to the
Rush Language." Proc. Tcl'94 Workshop. June, 1994.
ftp://ginsberg.cs.berkeley.edu:pub/papers/asah/rush-tcl94.*
[SB94] Adam Sah and Jon Blow. "A New Architecture for the
Implementation of Scripting Languages." Proc. USENIX Symp. on Very
High Level Languages. October, 1994. to appear.
ftp://ginsberg.cs.berkeley.edu:pub/papers/asah/rush-vhll94.*
** It appears that Emacs Lisp can be implemented efficiently by
translation into modified Scheme (the modifications are important).
** Python appears suitable for such an implementation, as far as I can
tell from a quick look. By "suitable" I mean that mostly the same
language could be implemented--minor changes in semantics would be
ok. (It would be useful for someone to check this carefully.)
** A C-like language syntax can certainly be implemented this way.
* Distribution conditions.
We will permit use of the modified Scheme interpreter in proprietary
programs, so as to compete effectively with alternative extensibility
packages.
Translators from other languages to modified Scheme will not be part
of any application; each individual user will decide when to use one
of these. Therefore, there is no special reason not to use the GPL as
the distribution terms for translators. So we will encourage
developers of translators to use the GPL as distribution terms.
Conclusion
Until today, users have not been able to choose which extension
language to use. They have always been compelled to use whichever
language is supposed by the tool they wish to extend. And that has
meant many different languages for different tools.
Adopting Tcl as the universal scripting language offers the
possibility of eliminating the incompatibility--users would be able to
extend everything with just one language. But they wouldn't be able to
choose which language. They would be compelled to use Tcl and nothing
else.
By making modified Scheme the universal extension language, we can
give users a choice of which language to write extensions in. We can
implement other languages, including modified Tcl (Rush), a Python
variant, and a C-like language, through translation into Scheme, so
that each user can choose the language to use. Even users who choose
modified Tcl will benefit from this decision--they will be happy with
the speedup they get from an implementation that translates into
Scheme.
Only Scheme, or something close to Scheme, can serve this purpose. Tcl
won't do the job. You can't implement Scheme or Python or Emacs Lisp
with reasonable performance on top of Tcl. But modified Scheme can
support them all, and many others.
The universal extension language should be modified Scheme.
Request for Volunteers
If you understand Scheme implementation well, and you want to
contribute a substantial amount of time to this project, please send
mail to Tom Lord, lord@gnu.ai.mit.edu.
If you expect to have time later but don't have time now, please send
mail when you do have time to work. Participation in a small way is
probably not useful until after the package is released.
unix.1006postmast,
From: bale@cview.com (Aleksandar Bakic)
Subject: Re: Elk 3.0
Date: Sun, 24 Sep 1995 19:49:31 GMT
Andrija Ifkovic (andrija@orao.etf.bg.ac.yu) wrote:
: : [Tcl/Tk moze u kantu --prim. AB]
: Bale, posto znam da nemas obicaj da hvalis u prazno, molio bih te
: da malo obrazlozis zasto Tcl/Tk moze u kantu. To me prilicno zanima, jer
: (...)
: Naravno, moj program je skoro gotov i tu nema govora o promeni jezika,
: ali za buduce projekte (if any), nije iskljuceno...
: Pozdrav,
: Andrija Ivkovic.
Zdravo Andro,
Izvini sto kasnim, bio sam u guzvi... Razmisljao sam da li da filozofiram
na ovu temu ili da prosledim sta pametniji misle, pa sam se odlucio za
ovo drugo ;-) Trenutno je Tcl/Tk veoma zahvalna stvar jer ima beskonacnu
podrsku, medjutim tesko da je upotrebljiv za nesto jace od GUI-ja i
slicnih toy programa. Ja trenutno pravim neki GUI i okolis, pa ga radim
u Tk-ju jer mi podrska na WWW omogucava da napredujem prilicno brzo, ali
imam nameru da kad zavrsim kostur, sve prepisem u Elk... a onda cu valjda
moci da kazem preciznije kako stvari stoje.
Dakle, za slucaj da ovo jos nisi video (nije nova stvar, ali bitna),
evo:
GNU Extension Language Plans
Richard Stallman, GNU Project
[Please redistribute widely]
Many software packages need an extension language to make it easier
for users to add to and modify the package.
In a previous message I explained why Tcl is inadequate as an
extension language, and stated some design goals for the extension
language for the GNU system, but I did not choose a specific
alternative.
At the time, I had not come to a conclusion about what to do. I knew
what sort of place I wanted to go, but not precisely where or how to
get there.
Since then, I've learned a lot more about the topic. I've read about
scsh, Rush and Python, and talked with people working on using Scheme
as an extension and scripting language. Now I have formulated a
specific plan for providing extensibility in the GNU system.
Who chooses which language?
Ousterhour, the author of Tcl, responded to my previous message by
citing a "Law" that users choose the language they prefer, and
suggested that we each implement our favorite languages, then sit back
and watch as the users make them succeed or fail.
Unfortunately, extension languages are the one case where users
*cannot* choose the language they use. They have to use the language
supported by the application or tool they want to extend. For
example, if you wanted to extend PDP-10 Emacs, you had to use TECO. If
you want to extend GNU Emacs, you have to use Lisp.
When users simply want "to write a program to do X or Y," they can use
any language the system supports. There's no reason for system
designers to try to decide which language is best. We can instead
provide as many languages as possible, to give each user the widest
possible choice. In the GNU system, I would like to support every
language people want to use--provided someone will implement them.
With the methods generally used today, we cannot easily provide many
languages for extending any particular utility or application
package. Supporting an extension language means a lot of work for the
developer of the package. Supporting two languages is twice as much
work, supposing the two fit together at all. In practice, the
developer has to choose a language--and then all users of the package
are stuck with that one. For example, when I wrote GNU Emacs, I had to
decide which language to support. I had no way to let the users
decide.
When a developer chooses Tcl, that has two consequences for the users
of the package:
* They can use Tcl if they wish. That's fine with me.
* They can't use any other language. That I consider a problem.
Sometimes developers choose a language because they like it. But not
always. Sun recently announced a campaign to "make Tcl the universal
scripting language." This is a campaign to convince all the developers
who *don't* prefer Tcl that they really have no choice. The idea is
that each one of us will believe that Sun will inevitably convince
everyone else to use Tcl, and each of us will feel compelled to follow
where we believe the rest are going.
That campaign is what led me to decide that I needed to speak to the
community about the issue. By announcing on the net that GNU software
packages won't use Tcl, I hope to show programmers that not everyone
is going to jump on the Tcl bandwagon--so they don't have to feel
compelled to do so. If developers choose to support Tcl, it should be
because they want to, not because Sun convinces them they have no
choice.
Design goals for GNU
When you write a program, or when you modify a GNU program, I think
you should be the one who decides what to implement. I can't tell you
what language to support, and I wouldn't want to try.
But I am the leader of one particular project, the GNU project. So I
make the decision about which packages to include in the GNU operating
system, and which design goals to aim for in developing the GNU
system.
These are the design goals I've decided on concerning extension
languages in the GNU system:
* As far as possible, all GNU packages should support the same
extension languages, so that a user can learn one language (any one of
those we support) and use it in any package--including Emacs.
* The languages we support should not be limited to special, weak
"scripting languages". They should be designed to be good for writing
large programs as well as small ones.
My judgement is that Tcl can't satisfy this goal. (Ousterhout seems to
agree that Tcl doesn't serve this goal. He thinks that doesn't
constitute a problem--I think it does.) That's why I've decided not to
use Tcl as the main system-wide extension language of the GNU system.
* It is important to support a Lisp-like language, because they
provide certain special kinds of power, such as representing programs
as data in a structured way that can be decoded without parsing.
** It is desirable to support Scheme, because it is simple and clean.
** It is desirable to support Emacs Lisp, for compatibility with Emacs
and the code already written for Emacs.
* It is important to support a more usual programming language syntax
for users who find Lisp syntax too strange.
* It would be good to support Tcl as well, if that is easy to do.
The GNU extension language plan
Here is the plan for achieving the design goals stated above.
* Step 1. The base language should be modified Scheme, with these
features:
** Case-sensitive symbol names.
** No distinction between #f and (), for the sake of supporting Lisp
as well as Scheme.
** Convenient fast exception handling, and catch and throw.
** Extra slots in a symbol, to better support translating other Lisp
dialects into Scheme.
** Multiple obarrays.
** Flexible string manipulation functions.
** Access to all or most of the Unix system calls.
** Convenient facilities for forking pipelines, making redirections,
and so on.
** Two interfaces for call-outs to C code. One allows the C code to
work on arbitrary Scheme data. The other passes strings only, and is
compatible with Tcl C callouts provided the C function does not try to
call the Tcl interpreter.
** Cheap built-in dynamic variables (as well as Scheme's lexical
variables).
** Support for forwarding a dynamic variable's value into a C
variable.
** A way for applications to define additional Scheme data types for
application-specific purposes.
** A place in a function to record an interactive argument reading
spec.
** An optional reader feature to convert nil to #f and t to #t, for
the sake of supporting Lisp as well as Scheme.
** An interface to the library version of expect.
** Backtrace and debugging facilities.
All of these things are either straightforward or have already been
done in Scheme systems; the task is to put them together. We are going
to start with SCM, add some of these features to it, and write the
rest in Scheme, using existing implementations where possible.
* Step 2. Other languages should be implemented on top of Scheme.
** Rush is a cleaned-up version of the Tcl language, which runs far
faster than Tcl itself, by means of translation into Scheme. Some
kludgy but necessary Tcl constructs don't work in Rush, and Tcl
aficionadoes may be unhappy about this; but Rush provides cleaner ways
to get the same results, so users who write extensions should like it
better. Developers looking for an extension language are likely to
prefer Rush to Tcl if they are not already attached to Tcl. Here are a
couple of examples supplied by Adam Sah:
*** To pass an array argument without copying it, in Tcl you must use
upvar or make the array a global variable. In Rush, you can simply
declare the argument "pass by reference".
*** To extract values from a list and pass them as separate arguments
to a function, in Tcl you must construct a function call expression
using that list, and then evaluate it. This can cause trouble if the
other arguments contain text that includes any special Tcl syntax. In
Rush, the apply function handles this simply and reliably.
*** Rush eliminates the need for the "expr" command by allowing infix
mathematical expressions and statements. For example, the Tcl
computation `"set a [expr $b*$c]' can be written as `a = b*c' in
Rush. (The Tcl syntax works also.)
Some references:
[SBD94] Adam Sah, Jon Blow and Brian Dennis. "An Introduction to the
Rush Language." Proc. Tcl'94 Workshop. June, 1994.
ftp://ginsberg.cs.berkeley.edu:pub/papers/asah/rush-tcl94.*
[SB94] Adam Sah and Jon Blow. "A New Architecture for the
Implementation of Scripting Languages." Proc. USENIX Symp. on Very
High Level Languages. October, 1994. to appear.
ftp://ginsberg.cs.berkeley.edu:pub/papers/asah/rush-vhll94.*
** It appears that Emacs Lisp can be implemented efficiently by
translation into modified Scheme (the modifications are important).
** Python appears suitable for such an implementation, as far as I can
tell from a quick look. By "suitable" I mean that mostly the same
language could be implemented--minor changes in semantics would be
ok. (It would be useful for someone to check this carefully.)
** A C-like language syntax can certainly be implemented this way.
* Distribution conditions.
We will permit use of the modified Scheme interpreter in proprietary
programs, so as to compete effectively with alternative extensibility
packages.
Translators from other languages to modified Scheme will not be part
of any application; each individual user will decide when to use one
of these. Therefore, there is no special reason not to use the GPL as
the distribution terms for translators. So we will encourage
developers of translators to use the GPL as distribution terms.
Conclusion
Until today, users have not been able to choose which extension
language to use. They have always been compelled to use whichever
language is supposed by the tool they wish to extend. And that has
meant many different languages for different tools.
Adopting Tcl as the universal scripting language offers the
possibility of eliminating the incompatibility--users would be able to
extend everything with just one language. But they wouldn't be able to
choose which language. They would be compelled to use Tcl and nothing
else.
By making modified Scheme the universal extension language, we can
give users a choice of which language to write extensions in. We can
implement other languages, including modified Tcl (Rush), a Python
variant, and a C-like language, through translation into Scheme, so
that each user can choose the language to use. Even users who choose
modified Tcl will benefit from this decision--they will be happy with
the speedup they get from an implementation that translates into
Scheme.
Only Scheme, or something close to Scheme, can serve this purpose. Tcl
won't do the job. You can't implement Scheme or Python or Emacs Lisp
with reasonable performance on top of Tcl. But modified Scheme can
support them all, and many others.
The universal extension language should be modified Scheme.
Request for Volunteers
If you understand Scheme implementation well, and you want to
contribute a substantial amount of time to this project, please send
mail to Tom Lord, lord@gnu.ai.mit.edu.
If you expect to have time later but don't have time now, please send
mail when you do have time to work. Participation in a small way is
probably not useful until after the package is released.
====
Pozdrav,
Bale
unix.1005postmast,
From: zoranp@fon (Zoran Petrovic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 05:35:55 GMT
Andrea Prunic (andrea@fon) wrote:
> Daklem, na mom kucnom linuxu, prilikom pokusaja uspostave term veze sa
> galebom, koja inace radi, sistem mi je zaglavio tako da je potpuno blokirao
> sve konzole, plus sto je ps na svakoj bio mrtav, a onda i ceo sistem.
> Posle hard reseta, jer na soft reset sistem nije reagovao nikako, sledece
> butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
> "block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
> i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
> mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
> Pokusao sam fsck-om i debugfs-om nesto da uradim, ali nijedan program nece
> ni da pridje particiji jer konstantno javljaju neku gresku.
Pitanje da li si tada digao sistem sa boot diskete i da li radi LILO?
Ako radi LILO i
Ako je LILO instaliran na Linux particiji, ponoviti proceduru lilo koja
se vrsi posle nekih promena u /etc/lilo.conf. Preciznije moras da
proglasis da je root read-only, uobicajena poruka koja se javlja pri
svezoj instalaciji. Kod mene - InfoMagic 4-CD Set Linux 1.2.1 iz Marta 95
se poruka javljala, po ubacivanju read-only system je mogao da vrsi fsck
root particije. Da li si ti imao ovu poruku i kako ti je root particija
bila setovana dok je sistem radio ? Iz tvoje poruke se vidi da je
radio fsck ( pitanje butovanja- sa diska ili sa boot diskete ?)
Da li uspevas da pri boot-ovanju sa boot diskete das opciju
mount root=/dev/hdb1 i da tako mountujes neku particiju, preciznije ovde
je to drugi disk ( /dev/hdb a particija 1 /dev/hdb1 ), i da tada
izvrsis fsck doticne particije ?
> poruke i kako spasiti moje jadne podatke, neka mi javi pod HITNO!
> A jos ako stvar uspe, ima pice od mene....
Samo sokovi dolaze u obzir :)
--
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zoran V. Petrovic IRITEL zoranp@fon.fon.bg.ac.yu
epetrovi@ubbg.etf.bg.ac.yu
unix.1004postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: HELP!!!
Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 00:56:35 GMT
Eh sta sve nece kompjuter coveku da uradi... :(
Daklem, na mom kucnom linuxu, prilikom pokusaja uspostave term veze sa
galebom, koja inace radi, sistem mi je zaglavio tako da je potpuno blokirao
sve konzole, plus sto je ps na svakoj bio mrtav, a onda i ceo sistem.
Posle hard reseta, jer na soft reset sistem nije reagovao nikako, sledece
butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
"block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
Pokusao sam fsck-om i debugfs-om nesto da uradim, ali nijedan program nece
ni da pridje particiji jer konstantno javljaju neku gresku.
Ne znam sta da radim, i kako da osposobim sistem makar da prebacim fajlove
na drugi disk. Ako neko ima neku predstavu sta bi moglo da bude uzrok ove
poruke i kako spasiti moje jadne podatke, neka mi javi pod HITNO!
A jos ako stvar uspe, ima pice od mene....
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
unix.1011postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: UUCP 1.06.1
Date: Sat, 23 Sep 1995 03:42:55 GMT
[ Article crossposted from gnu.announce,gnu.utils.bug,comp.os.linux.misc,comp.mail.uucp ]
[ Author was Ian Lance Taylor ]
[ Posted on Wed, 13 Sep 1995 10:13:11 -0400 ]
UUCP 1.06 unfortunately had a serious bug, so I have decided to
release version 1.06.1. I urge everybody who has already picked up
1.06 to upgrade to 1.06.1. The diffs from 1.06 are small, so I have
included them in this message (they are also available from prep).
The complete 1.06.1 tar distribution is available from
prep.ai.mit.edu, and all the usual mirror sites. I apologize for any
inconvenience.
--
Ian Taylor | ian@airs.com | First to identify quote wins free e-mail message:
``[I]n Paris, for example, in 1660 there were 103 holidays in the year.''
diff -ur uucp-1.06/ChangeLog uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog
--- uucp-1.06/ChangeLog Thu Aug 10 23:35:01 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/ChangeLog Sun Aug 20 15:29:15 1995
@@ -1,3 +1,33 @@
+Sun Aug 20 15:12:36 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * Released version 1.06.1.
+
+ * uux.c (main): Make sure that the grade is between '0' and '9',
+ or 'a' and 'z', or 'A' and 'Z', in case isalnum accepts other
+ characters.
+ * uucp.c (main): Likewise.
+
+Sat Aug 19 23:15:21 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * configure.in: Check for seteuid.
+ * configure: Rebuild.
+ * config.h.in (HAVE_SETEUID): Define.
+ * unix/uid.c: If HAVE_SETEUID is defined, use seteuid rather than
+ setuid.
+ * policy.h: Change HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID comment to mention that it
+ does not work on 4.4BSD-Lite and NetBSD.
+
+ * Andrey A. Chernov: uuconf.h (UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL): Use BUCHAR.
+
+Wed Aug 16 21:23:39 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
+
+ * uucico.c (flogin_prompt): Add pzsystem parameter, and pass it to
+ faccept_call. Change all callers.
+
+ * trans.c (qtransalc): Clear zlog field.
+
+ * Makefile.in (VERSION): Change to 1.06.1.
+
Thu Aug 10 22:42:53 1995 Ian Lance Taylor <ian@airs.com>
* Released version 1.06.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/Makefile.in uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in
--- uucp-1.06/Makefile.in Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/Makefile.in Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
SHELL = /bin/sh
-VERSION = 1.06
+VERSION = 1.06.1
MORECFLAGS = -I. -I$(srcdir) -DOWNER=\"$(owner)\" -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(UUDIRFLAGS)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/config.h.in uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in
--- uucp-1.06/config.h.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:47 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/config.h.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:21 1995
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@
#define HAVE_WAIT4 0
#define HAVE_GLOB 0
#define HAVE_SETREUID 0
+#define HAVE_SETEUID 0
/* There are several functions which are replaced in the subdirectory
lib. If they are missing, the configure script will automatically
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure.in uucp-1.06.1/configure.in
--- uucp-1.06/configure.in Wed Aug 9 20:58:48 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure.in Sun Aug 20 15:29:22 1995
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
dnl This should be processed with autoconf to produce a configure script.
dnl Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Ian Lance Taylor
dnl
-AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel $])
+AC_REVISION([$Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel $])
AC_INIT(policy.h)
AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
AC_PREFIX_PROGRAM(gcc)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(remove ftruncate ltrunc rename opendir dup2 waitpid wait4)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigsetjmp setret sigaction sigvec sigset)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigprocmask sigblock sighold getdtablesize sysconf)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname)
AC_CHECK_FUNCS(gettimeofday ftw glob dev_info)
dnl Check for getline, but not in -linet, since ISC has an
dnl incompatible version there.
diff -ur uucp-1.06/configure uucp-1.06.1/configure
--- uucp-1.06/configure Wed Aug 9 21:01:30 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/configure Sun Aug 20 15:32:04 1995
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#! /bin/sh
-# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.85 1995/07/08 18:35:18 ian Rel
+# From configure.in Id: configure.in,v 1.86 1995/08/20 03:21:34 ian Rel
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated automatically using autoconf version 2.4
# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2606,7 +2606,7 @@
fi
done
-for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid gethostname uname
+for ac_func in setpgrp setsid setreuid seteuid gethostname uname
do
echo $ac_n "checking for $ac_func""... $ac_c" 1>&6
if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_func_$ac_func'+set}'`\" = set"; then
diff -ur uucp-1.06/policy.h uucp-1.06.1/policy.h
--- uucp-1.06/policy.h Thu Aug 10 23:42:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/policy.h Sun Aug 20 15:36:06 1995
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
other than the uucp user uses it. */
#define HAVE_SAVED_SETUID 1
-/* On some systems, such as the DG Aviion and, possibly, the RS/6000,
- the setreuid function is broken. It should be possible to use
- setreuid to swap the real and effective user ID's, but on some
- systems it will not change the real user ID (I believe this is due
- to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On such a system you must
- set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do not, you will get error
- messages from setreuid. Systems on which setreuid exists but is
- broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
+/* On some systems, such as 4.4BSD-Lite, NetBSD, the DG Aviion and,
+ possibly, the RS/6000, the setreuid function is broken. It should
+ be possible to use setreuid to swap the real and effective user
+ ID's, but on some systems it will not change the real user ID (I
+ believe this is due to a misreading of the POSIX standard). On
+ such a system you must set HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID to 1; if you do
+ not, you will get error messages from setreuid. Systems on which
+ setreuid exists but is broken pretty much always have saved setuid. */
#define HAVE_BROKEN_SETREUID 0
/* On a few systems, such as NextStep 3.3, the POSIX macro F_SETLKW is
diff -ur uucp-1.06/trans.c uucp-1.06.1/trans.c
--- uucp-1.06/trans.c Thu Aug 10 22:46:40 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/trans.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:39 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.40 1995/08/11 02:43:32 ian Rel $";
+const char trans_rcsid[] = "$Id: trans.c,v 1.41 1995/08/17 01:25:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <errno.h>
@@ -381,6 +381,7 @@
q->s.znotify = NULL;
q->s.zcmd = NULL;
}
+ q->zlog = NULL;
q->isecs = 0;
q->imicros = 0;
q->cbytes = 0;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c
--- uucp-1.06/unix/uid.c Wed Aug 9 21:00:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/unix/uid.c Sun Aug 20 15:30:48 1995
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@
#include "sysdep.h"
#include <errno.h>
+
+/* NetBSD apparently does not support setuid as required by POSIX when
+ using saved setuid, so use seteuid instead. */
+
+#if HAVE_SETEUID
+#define setuid seteuid
+#endif
/* Switch to permissions of the invoking user. */
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucico.c uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucico.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:09 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucico.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:43 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.190 1995/06/29 19:35:59 ian Rel $";
+const char uucico_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucico.c,v 1.192 1995/08/17 02:03:35 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
static int iuport_lock P((struct uuconf_port *qport, pointer pinfo));
static boolean flogin_prompt P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, struct sconnection *qconn,
- const char *zlogin));
+ const char *zlogin, const char **pzsystem));
static int icallin_cmp P((int iwhich, pointer pinfo, const char *zfile));
static boolean faccept_call P((pointer puuconf, const char *zconfig,
boolean fuuxqt, const char *zlogin,
@@ -693,7 +693,8 @@
{
while (! FGOT_SIGNAL ()
&& flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- (const char *) NULL))
+ (const char *) NULL,
+ (const char **) NULL))
{
/* Close and reopen the port in between calls. */
if (! fconn_close (&sconn, puuconf,
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@
{
if (flogin)
fret = flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, &sconn,
- zlogin);
+ zlogin, &zsystem);
else
{
#if DEBUG > 1
@@ -1708,12 +1709,13 @@
/* Prompt for a login name and a password, and run as the slave. */
static boolean
-flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin)
+flogin_prompt (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, qconn, zlogin, pzsystem)
pointer puuconf;
const char *zconfig;
boolean fuuxqt;
struct sconnection *qconn;
const char *zlogin;
+ const char **pzsystem;
{
int iuuconf;
int istrip;
@@ -1722,6 +1724,9 @@
boolean fret;
struct scallin_info s;
+ if (pzsystem != NULL)
+ *pzsystem = NULL;
+
DEBUG_MESSAGE0 (DEBUG_HANDSHAKE, "flogin_prompt: Waiting for login");
iuuconf = uuconf_strip (puuconf, &istrip);
@@ -1790,8 +1795,7 @@
#if DEBUG > 1
iholddebug = iDebug;
#endif
- (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn,
- (const char **) NULL);
+ (void) faccept_call (puuconf, zconfig, fuuxqt, zlogin, qconn, pzsystem);
#if DEBUG > 1
iDebug = iholddebug;
#endif
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uuconf.h uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h
--- uucp-1.06/uuconf.h Wed Aug 9 20:59:10 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uuconf.h Sun Aug 20 15:29:44 1995
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
#define UUCONF_GRADE_LOW ('z')
/* Whether a character is a legal grade (requires <ctype.h>). */
-#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum ((unsigned) (b)))
+#define UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL(b) (isalnum (BUCHAR (b)))
/* Return < 0 if the first grade should be done before the second
grade, == 0 if they are the same, or > 0 if the first grade should
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.c uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:12 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:46 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.63 1995/08/02 01:22:53 ian Rel $";
+const char uucp_rcsid[] = "$Id: uucp.c,v 1.64 1995/08/20 19:21:29 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
@@ -277,7 +277,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bCgrade)
+ || ((bCgrade < '0' || bCgrade > '9')
+ && (bCgrade < 'a' || bCgrade > 'z')
+ && (bCgrade < 'A' || bCgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bCgrade = BDEFAULT_UUCP_GRADE;
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uucp.texi uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi
--- uucp-1.06/uucp.texi Wed Aug 9 20:59:16 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uucp.texi Sun Aug 20 15:29:51 1995
@@ -5649,8 +5649,8 @@
Approved: news-answers-request@@MIT.Edu
Archive-name: uucp-internals
-Version: $Revision: 1.108 $
-Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/02 01:35:25 $
+Version: $Revision: 1.109 $
+Last-modified: $Date: 1995/08/20 03:32:59 $
@end format
@end ifset
@@ -8288,6 +8288,7 @@
@code{tbr@@tfic.bc.ca} (Tom Rushworth)
@code{jsacco@@ssl.com} (Joseph E. Sacco)
@code{rsalz@@bbn.com} (Rich Salz)
+Curt Sampson @code{<curt@@portal.ca>}
@code{sojurn!mike@@hobbes.cert.sei.cmu.edu} (Mike Sangrey)
Nickolay Saukh @code{<nms@@ussr.EU.net>}
@code{heiko@@lotte.sax.de} (Heiko Schlittermann)
diff -ur uucp-1.06/uux.c uucp-1.06.1/uux.c
--- uucp-1.06/uux.c Wed Aug 9 20:59:22 1995
+++ uucp-1.06.1/uux.c Sun Aug 20 15:29:57 1995
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
#include "uucp.h"
#if USE_RCS_ID
-const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.81 1995/08/02 01:25:17 ian Rel $";
+const char uux_rcsid[] = "$Id: uux.c,v 1.82 1995/08/20 19:21:42 ian Rel $";
#endif
#include "uudefs.h"
@@ -336,7 +336,10 @@
}
}
- if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade))
+ if (! UUCONF_GRADE_LEGAL (bXgrade)
+ || ((bXgrade < '0' || bXgrade > '9')
+ && (bXgrade < 'a' || bXgrade > 'z')
+ && (bXgrade < 'A' || bXgrade > 'Z')))
{
ulog (LOG_ERROR, "Ignoring illegal grade");
bXgrade = BDEFAULT_UUX_GRADE;
[ Most GNU software is packed using the GNU `gzip' compression program.
Source code is available on most sites distributing GNU software.
For information on how to order GNU software on tape, floppy or cd-rom, or
printed GNU manuals, check the file etc/ORDERS in the GNU Emacs
distribution, ftp the file /pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ORDERS on prep, or
e-mail a request to: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
By ordering your GNU software from the FSF, you help us continue to
develop more free software. Media revenues are our primary source of
support. Donations to FSF are deductible on US tax returns.
The above software will soon be at these ftp sites as well.
Please try them before prep.ai.mit.edu as prep is very busy!
thanx -gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
ASIA: ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp, utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:/ftpsync/prep,
cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr:/pub/gnu, ftp.nectec.or.th:/pub/mirrors/gnu
AUSTRALIA: archie.au:/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet)
AFRICA: ftp.sun.ac.za:/pub/gnu
MIDDLE-EAST: ftp.technion.ac.il:/pub/unsupported/gnu
EUROPE: irisa.irisa.fr:/pub/gnu, ftp.univ-lyon1.fr:pub/gnu,
ftp.mcc.ac.uk, unix.hensa.ac.uk:/mirrors/uunet/systems/gnu,
src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu, ftp.ieunet.ie:pub/gnu, ftp.eunet.ch,
nic.switch.ch:/mirror/gnu, ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de:/pub/gnu,
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de, ftp.win.tue.nl:/pub/gnu,
ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es:/pub/gnu ftp.funet.fi:/pub/gnu, ftp.denet.dk,
ftp.stacken.kth.se, isy.liu.se, ftp.luth.se:/pub/unix/gnu,
ftp.sunet.se:/pub/gnu, archive.eu.net
SOUTH AMERICA: ftp.inf.utfsm.cl:/pub/gnu, ftp.unicamp.br:/pub/gnu
WESTERN CANADA: ftp.cs.ubc.ca:/mirror2/gnu
USA: wuarchive.wustl.edu:/systems/gnu, labrea.stanford.edu,
ftp.digex.net:/pub/gnu, ftp.kpc.com:/pub/mirror/gnu, f.ms.uky.edu:/pub3/gnu,
jaguar.utah.edu:/gnustuff, ftp.hawaii.edu:/mirrors/gnu,
uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu:/pub/gnu, ftp.cs.columbia.edu:/archives/gnu/prep,
col.hp.com:/mirrors/gnu, gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/GNU,
ftp.uu.net:/systems/gnu
]
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.1012postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: SCO
Date: Sat, 23 Sep 1995 04:16:33 GMT
Sta znaci rijec SCO?
Santa Cruz Obsolete O:)
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.1013postmast,
From: bdm@rainbird.hobbiton.CO.YU (Misa Trivkovic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 20:55:54 GMT
To andrea@fon:
## Ne znam sta da radim, i kako da osposobim sistem makar da prebacim fajlove
## na drugi disk. Ako neko ima neku predstavu sta bi moglo da bude uzrok ove
Budi hrabar i uradio ono sto i ja, fdisk iz dos-a i kreiraj na drugom disku
particije iste velicine kao i pre, ovo ako je frka sa particionom tabelom, ako
nije... :)
bdm
unix.1014postmast,
From: anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU (Igor Loncarevic)
Subject: HP, Novell and SCO To Deliver High-Volume UNIX OS ....
Date: Thu, 28 Sep 1995 02:13:10 GMT
[ Article crossposted from comp.unix.sco.announce ]
[ Author was SCO Information ]
[ Posted on Wed, 20 Sep 1995 18:05:23 GMT ]
HP, Novell and SCO To Deliver
High-Volume UNIX OS With Advanced Network
And Enterprise Services
Base Created for Next-Generation Business-Critical Computing
NEW YORK, New York - September 20, 1995 - Hewlett-
Packard Company, Novell, Inc., and The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. (SCO)
today announced business relationships designed to deliver a high-volume
UNIX operating system with NetWare and UNIX enterprise services. The
three companies will work together -- each focusing on its core strengths -- to
release a series of merged UNIX products that will provide customers with a
clear, evolutionary path to 64-bit networked computing on the HP/Intel
architecture. As a result, customers will be able to take advantage of a high-
volume UNIX operating system that runs on standard hardware platforms and
integrates their current desktop, workgroup, and enterprise networked
environments - protecting their investments while ensuring access to new
technologies.
HP, Novell and SCO recognize that the next wave of computing will
require the integrated capabilities of a robust enterprise operating system and
rich network services, available through high-volume channels. These new
relationships will accomplish the following:
- Novell will provide its market-leading NetWare services that are
essential for integrating high-end enterprise environments with
workgroups and PCs;
- SCO has purchased the UnixWare business from Novell and will
consolidate its SCO OpenServer system and Novell's UnixWare into a
merged high-volume Intel-based UNIX operating system that provides
interfaces in common with HP-UX. SCO will leverage its proven
ability to bring high-volume UNIX to market;
- Novell will work with HP to produce a high-performance
implementation of its NetWare Directory Services (NDS) and File/Print
Services for HP-UX, and integrate NDS with DCE; and
- HP will lead and drive the 64-bit UNIX operating system for the
HP/Intel architecture, resulting in the combination of the 64-bit HP-UX
and SCO Intel-based operating systems.
"NetWare, UnixWare and SCO OpenServer are all robust offerings on
high-volume Intel-based platforms," said David L. House, senior vice president
of Intel's Enterprise Server Group. "The combination of these capabilities,
along with HP's expertise in the 64-bit arena should be a welcome solution for
UNIX ISVs and users."
As a result of these relationships, customers will gain the following
benefits:
- Better access to corporate data - from the integration of NetWare
services and UNIX;
- Wider choice of applications and development tools - from existing
HP-UX, SCO OpenServer and UnixWare solutions; and
- Faster development of new applications - from the common interfaces
that enable developers to provide new functionalities faster.
"By combining HP's and Novell's respective strengths in enterprise and
networked computing and SCO's proven volume distribution channel for its
UNIX operating system, we will continue to deliver effective commonality in
UNIX," said Willem P. Roelandts, HP senior vice president and general
manager, Computer Systems Organization. "By forging these relationships, we
are providing a common environment that meets customer requirements for a
networked computing architecture spanning the virtual data center from
desktop to enterprise business-critical servers."
"Working with HP and SCO to focus on our respective strengths and
consolidate our overlapping efforts creates unparalleled new opportunities for
our customers and partners. By standardizing on Novell's networking services,
our customers benefit from having a greater level of consistency on their
networks, reducing their cost of ownership and simplifying their ability to
deploy cost-effective application servers. Our partners benefit from a new
level of consistency, allowing them to focus on providing value-added
capabilities never considered before. HP will take the lead in UNIX
technology; Novell will take the leadership role in network services; and SCO
will lead in creating technology required for volume channels. We expect this
relationship to result in an unprecedented selection of network services,
applications, development tools, and channel support on the Intel-based UNIX
platform," said Bob Frankenberg, Novell chairman and CEO.
Alok Mohan, SCO president and CEO, said, "UNIX is the leading
business-critical operating system server for large and small businesses today,
and this relationship provides SCO OpenServer and UnixWare customers with
a reliable and innovative platform for future growth. HP's technology
leadership will ensure the continued success of UNIX. Organizations can
integrate their network services and enterprise systems while protecting their
substantial investments in hardware and application development."
According to Richard French, Oracle's vice president, Intel-UNIX
Products Division, "This relationship will create a standard, high-volume
UNIX platform for business-critical computing that is very attractive to Oracle
and should be to all application developers. Oracle, and other software
vendors, will be able to deliver products to customers faster, reduce costly
porting and tuning efforts, while spending more time optimizing software
functionality and adding specific added value for customers. Additionally, this
relationship will reinforce the recently announced initiative by all UNIX
suppliers for a 64-bit UNIX."
Hewlett Packard Company is a leading global manufacturer of
computing, communications and measurement products and services
recognized for excellence in quality and support. Hewlett-Packard has 99,900
employees and had revenue of $25 billion in its 1994 fiscal year.
Novell (NASDAQ: NOVL) is the world's leading network software
provider.
Novell software provides the infrastructure for a networked world, enabling
our customers to connect with other people and the information they need,
anytime and anyplace. Novell partners with other technology and market
leaders to help customers make networks a part of their everyday lives.
SCO (NASDAQ:SCOC) is the world's leader for UNIX System
servers and multiuser hosts. SCO Business Critical Servers run the critical,
day-to-day operations of large branch organizations in retail, finance, and
government, as well as corporate departments and small to medium-sized
businesses of every kind. SCO sells and supports its products through a
worldwide network of distributors, resellers systems integrators, and OEMs.
###
NetWare and UnixWare are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. SCO, The
Santa Cruz Operation, and SCO OpenServer are registered trademarks of The
Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. in the U.S.A. and other countries. UNIX is a
registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, licensed exclusively
through X/Open Company Limited. All other trademarks are the properties of
their respective companies.
PRESS CONTACTS:
HP Novell SCO
Gary McCormack Catherine Stewart Monika Laud
(303)229-2370 (201)443-6264 (408)427-7421
gary_mccormack@ cstewart@novell.com monikal@sco.com
hp4000.desk.hp.com
--
-+-
Igor Loncarevic, anubis@hobbiton.CO.YU
anubis@ELF.bl.ac.yu
Linux - The choice of GNU generation
unix.1015postmast,
From: Sasa.Sekulic@f110.n103.z38.setnet.setnet.co.yu (Sasa Sekulic)
Subject: LINUX na hard disku? Ne, ne, kolega, nesto ste pobrkali...
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 1995 06:13:01
Evo ukratko moj problem.
Imam Conner CFS-850, sa instaliranim drajverom sa diskove vece od 528 MB
(nazalost, imam samo 386 sa IDE kontrolerom i starijim BIOS-om). U cemu je
fazon? Podijelio sam disk na 3 particije, svaka od po ~280 MB, i to sam
uradio iz drajvera. Ne mogu da instaliram Linux na trecu particiju!
Pokusavao sam i sa upisivanjem parametara pri boot: promptu, sa upisivanjem
parametara u fdisk (Linux - x, pa s i c za upisivanje pravog broja glava i
sektora) - uvijek mi pri fdisk p prikaze da particije ne zavrsavaju na
kraju cilindra. Setup nece ni da se startuje zbog segmentation fault-a.
Linux sam inace normalno instalirao na Maxtor 7245AT, i fino radi.
Ja vicem HELP!
A vi?
mad.max
Help! I need somebody... Help! Now just anybody... Help! You know I need
someone... HEEEELP!!!
* Origin: # New Age # 22-08h # Beograd # SETNet: (38:103/110)
unix.1016postmast,
From: Dragan.Nikolic@p7.f101.n101.z38.setnet.setnet.co.yu (Dragan Nikolic)
Subject: Re: HELP!!!
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 1995 03:13:25
-=> Quoting Zoran Petrovic je 22 Sep 95 02:35:55 je izjavio sledece <=-
ZP> From: zoranp@fon (Zoran Petrovic)
ZP> Newsgroups: yu.os.unix
ZP> Organization: Fakultet Organizacionih Nauka, Beograd
ZP> Andrea Prunic (andrea@fon) wrote:
> Daklem, na mom kucnom linuxu, prilikom pokusaja uspostave term veze sa
> galebom, koja inace radi, sistem mi je zaglavio tako da je potpuno blokirao
> sve konzole, plus sto je ps na svakoj bio mrtav, a onda i ceo sistem.
> Posle hard reseta, jer na soft reset sistem nije reagovao nikako, sledece
> butovanje je od strane fsck-a dalo krasnu poruku:
> "block bitmap 264275204 for group 0 not in group"
> i od tog trenutka moj drugi disk na kome mi je na dve particije linux, je
> mrtav. Odnosno, samo glavna /dev/hdb1, dok je /dev/hdb7 OK.
> Pokusao sam fsck-om i debugfs-om nesto da uradim, ali nijedan program nece
> ni da pridje particiji jer konstantno javljaju neku gresku.
ZP>
ZP> Pitanje da li si tada digao sistem sa boot diskete i da li radi LILO?
ZP> Ako radi LILO i
ZP> Ako je LILO instaliran na Linux particiji, ponoviti proceduru lilo
ZP> koja se vrsi posle nekih promena u /etc/lilo.conf. Preciznije moras da
ZP> proglasis da je root read-only, uobicajena poruka koja se javlja pri
ZP> svezoj instalaciji. Kod mene - InfoMagic 4-CD Set Linux 1.2.1 iz Marta
ZP> 95 se poruka javljala, po ubacivanju read-only system je mogao da vrsi
ZP> fsck root particije. Da li si ti imao ovu poruku i kako ti je root
ZP> particija bila setovana dok je sistem radio ? Iz tvoje poruke se vidi
ZP> da je radio fsck ( pitanje butovanja- sa diska ili sa boot diskete ?)
ZP>
ZP> Da li uspevas da pri boot-ovanju sa boot diskete das opciju
ZP> mount root=/dev/hdb1 i da tako mountujes neku particiju, preciznije
ZP> ovde je to drugi disk ( /dev/hdb a particija 1 /dev/hdb1 ), i da tada
ZP> izvrsis fsck doticne particije ?
> poruke i kako spasiti moje jadne podatke, neka mi javi pod HITNO!
> A jos ako stvar uspe, ima pice od mene....
ZP> Samo sokovi dolaze u obzir :)
ZP> --
Zdravo Andrea!
Evo da pokusam da ti pomognem, posto imam jednu veoma dobro opremljenu
knjigu za Linux(DRX.LINUX sa 1200 strana:-)), pa cu iz nje da citiram jedan
deo, od kojeg verujem da ce i pomoci.:-)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Fixing trashed filesystems
If you somehow trash your filesystems, yu can run e2fsck(if you the ext2fs
file systems type, that is) to correct any damaged data on the filesystems
from flopy. Other filesystem types use different forms of the fsck command;
see Secction 4.8 for details.
When checking your filesystems from floppy, it's for the filesystems to not
be mounted.
One common cause of filesystem damage is superblock corrupcio. The
superblock
is the "header" of the filesystem that contains information on the filesystem
status, size, free blocks, and so forth. If you corrupt your siperblock(for
example, by accidentally writing data directly to the filesystem's partition),
the system may not recognize the filesystem at all. Any attempt to mount the
filesystem could fail, and e2fsck won't be able to fix the problem.
Happily, the ext2fs filesystem type saves copies of the superblock at "block
group" boundaries on the drive-usually, every 8K blocks. In order to tell
e2fsck
to use a copy of the superblock, you can use a command such as
# e2fsck -b 8193 <partition>
where <partition> is the partition on which the filesystem resides. The -b 8193
ption tells e2fsck to use the copy of the superblock stored at block 8193 in
the filesystem.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Nadam se da ce ti ovo pomoci oko tvog problema. A ako ne nazovime
jednostavno na ovaj broj 012227724, ako ti je tako hitno, pa cemo videti
dalje.
Pozdrav PARA:-)
P.S. A za pice cemo lako.:-))))
... Don't hit me, Mr. Moderator... I'll go back on topic... I swear!
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12
... "What?!? This isn't the Files section?!?"
* Origin: Kragujevac BBS; 034/557-529; Rad.vr.: 23.00-06.00 (38:101/101.7)
unix.1017postmast,
From: vukota@fon (Milos Vukotic)
Subject: Re: LINUX na hard disku? Ne, ne, kolega, nesto ste pobrkali...
Date: Fri, 29 Sep 1995 10:40:10 GMT
Sasa Sekulic (Sasa.Sekulic@f110.n103.z38.setnet.setnet.co.yu) wrote:
: Evo ukratko moj problem.
: Imam Conner CFS-850, sa instaliranim drajverom sa diskove vece od 528 MB
: (nazalost, imam samo 386 sa IDE kontrolerom i starijim BIOS-om). U cemu je
: fazon? Podijelio sam disk na 3 particije, svaka od po ~280 MB, i to sam
: uradio iz drajvera. Ne mogu da instaliram Linux na trecu particiju!
: Pokusavao sam i sa upisivanjem parametara pri boot: promptu, sa upisivanjem
: parametara u fdisk (Linux - x, pa s i c za upisivanje pravog broja glava i
: sektora) - uvijek mi pri fdisk p prikaze da particije ne zavrsavaju na
: kraju cilindra. Setup nece ni da se startuje zbog segmentation fault-a.
: Linux sam inace normalno instalirao na Maxtor 7245AT, i fino radi.
: Ja vicem HELP!
: A vi?
Evo da ti ja ispricam kako sam ja sredio problem na 386 sa 4 MB ,
praistoriskim BIOS-om , najobicnijim 16-bitnim IDE kontrolerom, i 1.2 Gb
WD-ovim diskom. Prvu i trecu particiju sam kreirao sa Disk Manager-om, pa
sam hteo da u sredini umetnem Linux-ovu, ali me je Linux-ov fdisk zezao
isto kao i tebe. Tada mi je pukao film, pa sam sa DM-om kreirao i dve
particije za linux (samo u particionoj tabeli) sa atributima 83h i 82h,
i onda boot-ovao linux sa disketa i Linux-ov fdisk ih je prikazao onda Ok.
Nakon toga sam instalirao i Linux, i da kucnem u drvo za sada sve lepo radi.
A sistem se normalno u ovakvim slucajevima ne dize sa LiLo-m vec ga dizes
ili sa diskete ili pomocu LODLIN-a iz DOS-a (ili tako nekako).
unix.1018spantic,
-> #1015, postmast> From: Sasa.Sekulic@f110.n103.z38.setnet.setnet.co.yu (Sasa Sekulic)
> (nazalost, imam samo 386 sa IDE kontrolerom i starijim BIOS-om). U cemu je
> fazon? Podijelio sam disk na 3 particije, svaka od po ~280 MB, i to sam
> uradio iz drajvera. Ne mogu da instaliram Linux na trecu particiju!
Nisam pratio razvoj događaja neko vreme, ali zadnji put je još
uvek važilo da kada imaš IDE diskove veće od 504 MB Moraš Linux
boot particiju da imaš ispod granice.
> Linux sam inace normalno instalirao na Maxtor 7245AT, i fino radi.
Kakva je bila struktura?
unix.1019mdave,
-> #987, postmastSubject: Re: HELP!!!
> BTW2, koristim ovu priliku da Vecxu i Dragishu posebno zamolim za
> pomoc, jer ne znam dvojicu vecih znalaca linuxa.
Ijaooo, ijaooo, njih dvojicu u istoj rečenici, pa još vecxa (
Obrovac-Beograd :)))))))))))) ) prvog... ijaooo....
unix.1020postmast,
From: SETN@f101.n101.z38.setnet.setnet.co.yu (SETN)
Subject: Statistics
Date: Thu, 28 Sep 1995 07:58:00
Maintaned by CONFERENCE STATISTICS SHELL - (c)1995 by Predrag Supurovic
=======================================================================
Conference NET.UNIX maintained on 31.08.95. for 28 days backward.
QRATIO Mail Statistics V1.9 by Act Of Impulse.
----------------------------------------------
Total messages found in this area : 311
Number of messages covered in report: 91
Processed period from: 31-8-1995 to 27-9-1995
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blacklist-Top 5 of the Quoters.
Nr Total Quoted Quote
Name Address Msg Lines Lines: Ratio:
---- ------- --- ----- ------ ------
1. Dragan Nikolic........... 38:101/101.7 1 73 35 47.95%
2. "Vlada Calic"............ 38:103/120 1 11 5 45.45%
3. "Aleksandar Radovanovic". 38:103/120 1 36 15 41.67%
4. "Vladimir Maric"......... 38:103/120 2 21 8 38.10%
5. "Dragoljub Radojevic".... 38:103/120 1 8 3 37.50%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Top 5 of the writers.
Total Average Quote
Name Msgs: Pct. Byte/Msg Ratio:
---- ----- ----- -------- ------
1. Igor Loncarevic 17 18.7% 4899 0.78%
2. Dragisa N. Duric 11 12.1% 1874 12.24%
3. "Srdan Pantic" 4 4.4% 338 22.86%
4. Drazen Pantic 4 4.4% 488 13.04%
5. Andrea Prunic 4 4.4% 1741 36.13%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Top 2 of the receivers.
Total
Name Msgs: Pct.
---- ----- -----
1. All 90 98.9%
2. Andrea Prunic 1 1.1%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Top 5 of the subjects.
Subject Nr.
------- ---
1. unix........................................................ 33
2. X & winsocka : moze li?..................................... 11
3. HELP!!!..................................................... 8
4. Gopher & ftp................................................ 3
5. Hocemo li novu verziju? :) (bjese: 1.3.21: sendmail/uuxqt pr 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average posting frequency per week:
Day Msgs Pct. Graph
Sunday 17 18.7% *************************************************
Monday 13 14.3% *************************************
Tuesday 11 12.1% *******************************
Wednesday 8 8.8% ***********************
Thursday 16 17.6% **********************************************
Friday 18 19.8% ****************************************************
Saturday 8 8.8% ***********************
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average posting frequency per day:
Interval Msgs Pct. Graph
-------- ---- ----- -----
0:00- 1:59 17 18.7% ***************************************************
2:00- 3:59 5 5.5% ***************
4:00- 5:59 9 9.9% ***************************
6:00- 7:59 5 5.5% ***************
8:00- 9:59 10 11.0% ******************************
10:00-11:59 9 9.9% ***************************
12:00-13:59 4 4.4% ************
14:00-15:59 8 8.8% ************************
16:00-17:59 5 5.5% ***************
18:00-19:59 6 6.6% ******************
20:00-21:59 9 9.9% ***************************
22:00-23:59 4 4.4% ************
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Origin: Oreska BBS, Uzice = SF BIBLIOTEKA = SETNet: (38:101/101)
unix.1021postmast,
From: andrea@fon (Andrea Prunic)
Subject: Re: problem sa particijom
Date: Fri, 29 Sep 1995 23:39:43 GMT
ĐŠč On 09-25-95 13:02 Dragisha@hobbiton.co.yu wrote:
Dr> Helem, glede ovoga problema kod andre(j?)e, nisam se sretao sa
Ipak - Andrea, onako muski..... :)
Dr> slicnim, ali posto otkazuje na pokusaje fsck/debugfs jedino sto mi
Dr> ovako na suvo pada na pamet je da se proba sa rezervnim superblokom ili
Dr> kako se to vec zove. Znaci, fsck /dev/hdb1 8191 ili slicno, ne mogu
Dr> sada da se sjetim po kom uzorku on to pravi, ali cu pogledam okolo.
Dr> Preporucujem sljedece
Dr> -rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 776 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.lsm
Dr> -rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 430753 /pub/Incoming/ext2ed-0.1.tar.gz
Dr> -rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 685 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.lsm
Dr> -rw-r--r-- 1 dragisha 44235 /pub/Incoming/Ext2fs-overview-0.1.ps.gz
Bam bam bam, izgleda da sam napravio molto grande glupost pre neki dan, a
glede (sto ti rece) mojega linux disk problema.
Naime, posto sam postao srecni vlasnik novog 540M djiska, quantum
maverick, ja sam si resio da stavim novi linux, sa kernelom 1.2.3, bice
da je to 2.1.x distribucija. Uglavnom, stavim ja njega na novi disk i
ustanovim da njegov fsck uspeva da da neki info u vezi one skrkane
particije na starom disku. Posto se ja, je li, ponadam da ce on stvar da
sredi, pustim ja njega da se zabavlja sa starim linuxom, i on uradi
kojekakve brljoke za koje mi se cini da su mi sad skroz na skroz
upropastile fajlove. Prijavljivao je neke silne poruke tipa "blabla block
8192 not valid, copying to 8193. WARNING : SEVERE DATA LOSS POSSIBLE!
Continue?<Y>" na sta sam ja je li manijakalno pritiskao Y sve u nadi da ce
stvar da se sredi.
Posle prvog seta takvih poruka krenuo je da nesto drlja, i to nesto je
trajalo dobrih 10 minuta, a onda je krenuo ispocetka da fsck-uje i da
prijavljuje iste probleme za iste blokove i tako ukrug.
Posle toga probam ja foru sa fsck /dev/hdb1 8193, pa 16385, i tako redom,
ali cvrc, nece nista da pomogne.
Sad, pitanje vrlo prosto : imam li ja uopste bilo sta preostalo na disku
ili ne? I cemu tolike greske prilikom kopiranja blokova sa jedne na drugu
lokaciju, a disk zdrav?
Jos cu da pomislim da ext2fs nije nista bolji od dos-a.... :-/
BTW, kad sam vec kod novog diska od 516MB, moze li se bez problema pustiti
da pod linuxom i kernelom 1.2.9 postoji swap particija od 1024. do 1049.
cilindra? Posto je fdisk prijavljivao da mu nesto nije potaman po tom
pitanju, zanima me, a verujem i jos koga, mogu li se diskovi sa vise od
1024 cilindara koristiti bez specijalnih muvanja pod linuxom, tj. da ih on
automatski vidi i ispravno koristi?
... Nothing is so simple that it can't get screwed up.
___ Blue Wave/QWK v2.12